Donini v. Manor Care, Inc.

[Cite as Donini v. Manor Care, Inc., 2014-Ohio-1767.]
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF OHIO
FOURTH APPELLATE DISTRICT
SCIOTO COUNTY
RITA DONINI, : Case No. 13CA3583
Plaintiff-Appellant, :
v. : DECISION AND
JUDGMENT ENTRY
MANOR CARE, INC., :
ET AL.,
: RELEASED: 04/21/14
Defendants-Appellees.
:
APPEARANCES:
Chad D. McHenry, McHenry Law Office, L.L.C., Portsmouth, Ohio, for appellant.
David M. McCarty, Randall W. Mikes, and Katja E. Garvey, Kegler, Brown, Hill & Ritter
Co., L.P.A., Columbus, Ohio, for appellee Manor Care, Inc.
Harsha, J.
{¶1} The Industrial Commission of Ohio granted the workers’ compensation
claim of appellant, Rita Donini, recognizing additional medical conditions entitling her to
benefits. After her employer, appellee Manor Care, Inc. (“Manor Care”), appealed the
administrative decision to the court of common pleas, Donini filed a complaint in that
court seeking to participate in the workers’ compensation fund for the additional medical
conditions the commission recognized. As trial on the action approached, the parties
filed a stipulated dismissal without prejudice, which specified that Donini could refile the
action within one year. After the one-year time limit expired without Donini refiling her
complaint, the trial court granted Manor Care's motion for judgment on the pleadings.
The trial court found that Donini was not entitled to participate in workers’ compensation
Scioto App. No. 13CA3583 2
benefits for the claimed additional conditions because she failed to meet the saving
statute by refiling her complaint within one year of the stipulated dismissal.
{¶2} On appeal, Donini clams that the trial court lacked jurisdiction over
Manor Care’s motion for judgment on the pleadings because the parties’ stipulation had
dismissed both Donini’s complaint and Manor Care’s appeal. However the parties’
stipulated dismissal operated to dismiss only Donini’s complaint, but not Manor Care’s
appeal. Otherwise, the stipulation would not have specified that Donini could refile her
complaint within a year. In an employer-initiated workers’ compensation appeal, the
employee-claimant must file a subsequent complaint. If the claimant voluntarily
dismisses the complaint with the employer’s consent, the employer is entitled to
judgment on its appeal if the claimant fails to refile the complaint within the year allowed
by the saving statute. In such a proceeding, the filing of the complaint does not
commence the action and confer jurisdiction; rather, the filing of the notice of appeal
with the court of common pleas does. Therefore, the dismissal of Donini’s complaint did
not divest the common pleas court of jurisdiction over Manor Care’s appeal.
Accordingly, we overrule Donini’s assignment of error and affirm the judgment of the
trial court.
I. FACTS
{¶3} Manor Care employed Donini in Scioto County. In May 2010, Donini
sustained injuries during the course of and arising out of her employment with Manor
Care. She filed a workers’ compensation claim, which the Ohio Bureau of Workers’
Compensation allowed for the medical condition of right knee sprain.
Scioto App. No. 13CA3583 3
{¶4} Donini filed a motion requesting that her claim be additionally allowed for
the medical conditions of torn medial meniscus and substantial aggravation of
preexisting osteoarthritis of her right knee. After a district hearing officer for the
Industrial Commission rejected Donini’s claim for additional conditions, she appealed
and a staff hearing officer granted the claim. The commission refused Manor Care’s
appeal from the decision.
{¶5} Manor Care appealed from the commission’s decision to the Scioto
County Court of Common Pleas. In accordance with R.C. 4123.512(D), Donini filed a
complaint in the appeal in the common pleas court seeking to participate in the workers’
compensation fund for the additional conditions of torn medial meniscus and substantial
aggravation of preexisting osteoarthritis of the right knee. Manor Care and the
administrator of the Ohio Bureau of Workers’ Compensation filed answers to the
complaint.
{¶6} In March 2012, less than two weeks before a scheduled jury trial in the
case, the parties filed a stipulation of dismissal which provided:
Pursuant to Civ.R. 41(A)(1)(b), now come the participating parties,
by and through counsel, and hereby stipulate that the above-captioned
matter is dismissed. Such dismissal is without prejudice to the bringing of
another action based on any of the claims included in the above-captioned
matter. The participating parties agree that Plaintiff, Rita Donini, may re-
file the action within one year. Costs for this Stipulated Dismissal to
respective parties. No record.
{¶7} In April 2013, after one year had passed from the stipulated dismissal,
Manor Care filed a motion for judgment on the pleadings, requesting a finding that
Donini is not entitled to participate in workers’ compensation benefits for the claimed
additional conditions. Manor Care argued that this result was required because Donini
Scioto App. No. 13CA3583 4
failed to refile her complaint within one year of the dismissal, as required by the saving
statute. Donini filed a memorandum in opposition, and she and Manor Care filed
additional memoranda. The trial court granted Manor Care’s motion because Donini
failed to meet the saving statute by refiling her complaint within one year of the
dismissal. The trial court found that Donini is not entitled to participate in workers’
compensation benefits for additional medical conditions.
{¶8} Donini appealed the trial court’s judgment on the pleadings.
II. ASSIGNMENT OF ERROR
{¶9} Donini assigns the following error for our review:
I. THE COMMON PLEAS COURT LACKED JURISDICTION OVER THE
DEFENDA[N]T-APPELLEE’S MOTION FOR JUDGMENT ON THE
PLEADINGS AND SHOULD HAVE DISMISSED THE MOTION.
III. STANDARD OF REVIEW
{¶10} The existence of a court’s jurisdiction is a question of law that we review
de novo. In the Matter of D.P.J. and P.R.J., 4th Dist. Scioto No. 13CA3532, ¶ 11. In
addition, appellate courts generally review a trial court’s entry of judgment on the
pleadings de novo allowing an independent review. Quality Car & Truck Leasing, Inc. v.
Pertuset, 4th Dist. Scioto No. 11CA3436, 2013-Ohio-1964, ¶ 4. “Judgment on the
pleadings is appropriate if, after construing all material allegations set forth in the
complaint in favor of the nonmoving party, together with all reasonable inferences, the
trial court finds, beyond doubt, that the non-moving party can prove no set of facts that
entitle it to relief.” Id.
IV. LAW AND ANALYSIS
Jurisdiction in Employer-Initiated Workers’ Compensation Appeal
Scioto App. No. 13CA3583 5
{¶11} “R.C. 4123.512 provides a unique process for an appeal to the court of
common pleas regarding a claimant’s right to participate in the State Insurance Fund.”
Kaiser v. Ameritemps, Inc., 84 Ohio St. 3d 411, 413, 704 N.E.2d 1212 (1999).
Regardless of whether the claimant or employer appeals the commission order, “[t]he
claimant shall, within thirty days after the filing of the notice of appeal, file a petition
containing a statement of facts in ordinary and concise language showing a cause of
action to participate or to continue to participate in the fund and setting forth the basis
for the jurisdiction of the court over the action.” R.C. 4123.512(D). The common pleas
court’s review in the appeal is de novo, and the claimant bears the burden of proving a
right to participate in the workers’ compensation fund regardless of the commission
decision. Bennett v. Admr., Bur. of Workers’ Comp., 134 Ohio St. 3d 329, 2012-Ohio-
5639, 982 N.E.2d 666, ¶ 17. In other words, where the employer appeals an
unfavorable administrative decision, the claimant must re-establish the claim in the court
of common pleas in spite of prevailing at the administrative level. Kaiser at 413.
{¶12} In an employer-initiated workers’ compensation appeal, the claimant’s
dismissal of the complaint does not affect the employer’s appeal, which remains
pending until the refiling of the complaint. Id. at 415. That is, in a workers’
compensation appeal under R.C. 4123.512, “the filing of the complaint does not
commence the action and confer jurisdiction.” McKinney v. Ohio Bur. of Workers’
Comp., 10th Dist. Franklin No. 04AP-1086, 2005-Ohio-2330, ¶ 4. Instead, under the
plain language of the governing statute, the only act required to perfect the appeal is the
timely filing of the notice of appeal. Spencer v. Freight Handlers, Inc., 131 Ohio St. 3d
316, 2012-Ohio-880, 964 N.E.2d 1030, ¶ 8; R.C. 4123.512(A) (“The appellant shall file
Scioto App. No. 13CA3583 6
the notice of appeal with a court of common pleas within sixty days after the date of the
receipt of the order appealed from or the date of receipt of the order of the commission
refusing to hear an appeal of a staff hearing officer’s decision under division (D) of
section 4123.511 of the Revised Code. The filing of the notice of appeal with the court is
the only act required to perfect the appeal”). Therefore, the only act that confers
jurisdiction on the common pleas court is the filing of the notice of appeal. See Gambrel
v. C.J. Mahan Constr. Co., 10th Dist. Franklin No. 07AP-1023, 2008-Ohio-3288, ¶ 8,
citing Fisher v. Mayfield, 30 Ohio St. 3d 8, 505 N.E.2d 975 (1987), paragraph one of the
syllabus (“The filing of a notice of appeal is the only act required to vest jurisdiction in
the common pleas court”).
{¶13} In her sole assignment of error, Donini asserts that the trial court lacked
jurisdiction to address the merits of Manor Care’s motion for judgment on the pleadings
because the parties’ stipulated dismissal acted to dismiss Manor Care’s appeal, not
simply her complaint. Donini’s assertion lacks merit for several reasons. First, a review
of the plain language of the stipulated dismissal specifies that it was filed pursuant to
Civ.R. 41(A)(1)(b). R.C. 4123.512(D) provides that within 30 days after the appeal is
filed, the claimant must file a petition in the common pleas court setting forth "a cause of
action" to participate or to continue to participate in the workers’ compensation fund.
After the claimant files the petition, “[f]urther pleadings shall be had in accordance with
the Rules of Civil Procedure, provided that service of summons on such petition shall
not be required and provided that the claimant may not dismiss the complaint without
the employer’s consent if the employer is the party that filed the notice of appeal to court
pursuant to this section.” R.C. 4123.512(D). Under Civ.R. 41(A)(1)(b), “a plaintiff,
Scioto App. No. 13CA3583 7
without order of court, may dismiss all claims asserted by that plaintiff against a
defendant by * * * filing a stipulation of dismissal signed by all parties who have
appeared in the action.” (Emphasis added.) Therefore, the stipulated dismissal
dismissed only the claims asserted by appellant in her complaint; under the rule, the
dismissal does not purport to dismiss the claims of the employer who initiated the
appeal.
{¶14} Second, the language of the dismissal itself supports this construction
limiting the dismissal to Donini’s complaint because it specifies that “[t]he participating
parties agree that Plaintiff, Rita Donini, may re-file the action within one year.” This
language relates to Donini's duty under the statute requiring her to file "a petition ***
showing a cause of action to participate…(.)" See R.C. 4123.512(D). There is no
language in the dismissal that the parties intended that Manor Care be permitted to
refile its appeal within one year. In fact, notwithstanding Donini’s argument to the
contrary, R.C. 2305.19, the saving statute, applies to claims asserted in pleadings,
which would address Donini’s complaint, but not Manor Care’s appeal because Manor
Care did not file any claim for relief in its answer, e.g., a counterclaim. See R.C.
2305.19(A) (“In any action that is commenced * * *, * * * if the plaintiff fails otherwise
than upon the merits, the plaintiff * * * may commence a new action within one year
after the date of * * * the plaintiff’s failure otherwise than upon the merits * * *. This
division applies to any claim asserted in any pleading by a defendant”). Therefore,
Manor Care would not have been able to refile a timely appeal of the commission’s
decision.
Scioto App. No. 13CA3583 8
{¶15} Third, Manor Care’s consent to the dismissal of Donini’s complaint did
not estop it from seeking to enforce the saving statute when Donini failed to refile her
complaint within the one-year period specified in R.C. 2305.19. See Dobransky v.
Cleveland Metro Park Sys., 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 98533, 2013-Ohio-266, ¶ 6 (“The
[employer’s] consent to [claimant’s] voluntary dismissal of its appeal[1 ] did not mean
that it was conceding or settling the question of benefits in [claimant’s] favor and that
[claimant] did not have to refile her petition. Had that been the case, the [employer]
would arguably have consented to a dismissal with prejudice”).
{¶16} Fourth, the cases cited by Donini—Feckner v. Donley’s, Inc., 8th Dist.
Cuyahoga No. 88926, 2007-Ohio-5335, and Sipes v. Sipes, 5th Dist. Richland No.
2011-CA-00101, 2012-Ohio-3215, are inapposite. Feckner did not include a statement
in the notice of stipulated dismissal similar to the one here that specified that the
claimant could refile the action within one year, which indicates that the parties intended
to only dismiss the claimant’s complaint and not the employer’s appeal. Feckner also
preceded the same appellate district’s holdings in Dobransky and Nykiel v. Northcoast
Moving Enterprises, 8th Dist. Cuyahoga No. 97009, 2012-Ohio-272, which both held
that the common pleas court retained jurisdiction over employer-initiated workers’
1
Some of the language of cases, including the cited appellate case and prior appellate cases, use the
terms “appeal” and “complaint” interchangeably even though they are not. See also Kaiser, 84 Ohio
St.3d 411, 704 N.E.2d 1212, syllabus (“A workers’ compensation claimant may employ Civ.R. 41(A)(1)(a)
to voluntarily dismiss an appeal to the court of common pleas brought by an employer under R.C.
4123.512”). In its syllabus in Kaiser, the Supreme Court of Ohio used the terminology of a claimant
dismissing an employer’s appeal, but in its opinion, it later specified that the claimant could “properly
dismiss his complaint pursuant to Civ.R. 41(A)(1)(a).” (Emphasis added.) Ultimately, the holding in
Kaiser was superseded by Am.Sub.S.B. No. 7, effective in August 2006, which ended a claimant’s
unilateral ability to dismiss the complaint in an appeal brought by an employer by requiring an employer to
consent to the dismissal. See Thorton v. Montville Plastics & Rubber, Inc., 121 Ohio St. 3d 124, 2009-
Ohio-360, 902 N.E.2d 482, ¶ 14-15, fn. 2. Under R.C. 4123.512(A), the only jurisdictional event is the
timely filing of a notice of appeal from the commission’s decision; the filing of the complaint is not
jurisdictional. See generally Wasil and Mastrangelo, Ohio Workers’ Compensation Law, Section 14:98
(2009), citing McKinney, 10th Dist. Franklin No. 04AP-1086, 2005-Ohio-2330, ¶ 4.
Scioto App. No. 13CA3583 9
compensation appeals after the claimants filed stipulated dismissals of their complaints.
Sipes is inapplicable because it does not involve an employer-initiated workers’
compensation appeal pursuant to R.C. 4123.512.
{¶17} Therefore, by the plain language of the stipulated dismissal and
consistent with the governing statutes, rule, and precedent, the common pleas court
retained jurisdiction over Manor Care’s appeal after Donini dismissed her complaint with
Manor Care’s consent pursuant to Civ.R. 41(A)(1)(b).
{¶18} After Donini failed to refile her complaint within one year after she had
voluntarily dismissed it with Manor Care’s consent, the trial court properly granted
Manor Care’s motion for judgment on the pleadings. “In an employer-initiated workers’
compensation appeal pursuant to R.C. 4123.512, after the employee-claimant files the
petition as required by R.C. 4123.512 and voluntarily dismisses it as allowed by Civ.R.
41(A), if the employee-claimant fails to refile within the year allowed by the saving
statute, R.C. 2305.19, the employer is entitled to judgment on its appeal.” Fowee v.
Wesley Hall, Inc., 108 Ohio St. 3d 533, 2006-Ohio-1712, 844 N.E.2d 1193, syllabus.
Although Fowee has been legislatively superseded by Am.Sub.S.B. No. 7 insofar as the
employee-claimant cannot unilaterally dismiss the complaint, but must secure the
employer’s consent to the dismissal, no party suggests that the remainder of its holding
is not viable as long as the employer’s consent to the claimant’s dismissal is obtained.
Thorton, 121 Ohio St. 3d 124, 2009-Ohio-360, 902 N.E.2d 482, ¶ 14. Indeed, cases
involving claimed injuries arising after the effective date of the amendment have applied
precedent to hold that the employer is entitled to judgment if the claimant fails to refile
the complaint within one year of the dismissal. See Dobransky and Nykiel; compare
Scioto App. No. 13CA3583 10
Klamforth v. Advanced Foundations Solutions, 10th Dist. Franklin No. 08AP-934, 2009-
Ohio-4547, ¶ 15 (“because the plaintiff in a right-to-participate action bears the burden
of prosecuting the action, it follows that the claimant, postured as a plaintiff, must bear
the burden of his failure to prosecute-even if the action represents, in essence, an
appeal filed by an employer dissatisfied with a determination by the commission that
grants a claim”).
V. CONCLUSION
{¶19} Consequently, the trial court had jurisdiction in the appeal to address the
merits of and grant Manor Care’s motion for judgment on the pleadings. We overrule
Donini’s assignment of error and affirm the judgment of the trial court.
JUDGMENT AFFIRMED.
Scioto App. No. 13CA3583 11
JUDGMENT ENTRY
It is ordered that the JUDGMENT IS AFFIRMED and that Appellant shall pay the
costs.
The Court finds there were reasonable grounds for this appeal.
It is ordered that a special mandate issue out of this Court directing the Scioto
County Court of Common Pleas to carry this judgment into execution.
Any stay previously granted by this Court is hereby terminated as of the date of
this entry.
A certified copy of this entry shall constitute the mandate pursuant to Rule 27 of
the Rules of Appellate Procedure.
Abele, P.J. & Hoover, J.: Concur in Judgment and Opinion.
For the Court
BY: ________________________________
William H. Harsha, Judge
NOTICE TO COUNSEL
Pursuant to Local Rule No. 14, this document constitutes a final
judgment entry and the time period for further appeal commences from the date
of filing with the clerk.