DocketNumber: No. F-07-027.
Citation Numbers: 2008 Ohio 3852
Judges: OSOWIK, J.
Filed Date: 8/1/2008
Status: Non-Precedential
Modified Date: 4/18/2021
{¶ 2} The undisputed facts relevant to the issues raised on appeal are as follows. On June 1, 2004, 16-year-old Brent Morgan was driving on County Road 10 (C.R. 10) in Williams County when he encountered a stretch of the roadway covered with approximately two to five inches of standing water. As Morgan drove through the water at an unknown speed, he lost control of the car, crossed the center line and left the roadway. The car struck a utility pole owned by appellee North Western Electric Cooperative, Inc. ("North Western") located approximately nine and one-half feet off the edge of the road. Seventeen-year-old Roger Engel, a front-seat passenger, died approximately two hours after the accident; Morgan died 19 days later. The area of road where the accident occurred was in a protected wetlands area and had been saturated by heavy rain which fell several days prior to the accident. The roadway was straight; at the time of the accident, it was dry with the exception of the standing water, which crossed the entire width of the road. The area of roadway covered with water was approximately 102 feet long at the edges and 52 feet in the middle; the water was approximately two inches deep at the crown and four and one-half inches deep at either edge of the road.
{¶ 3} For many years, local residents and county authorities had known that the portion of C.R. 10 where the accident occurred had serious flooding problems after heavy rainfalls and in the springtime. Prior to the accident, the county had tried repeatedly to *Page 3 reduce the frequency and amount of flooding by, among other things, installing drainage tiles leading away from the roadway. The flooding conditions were not alleviated completely, however. The county placed hinged "high water" signs in the area, which were unhinged and displayed whenever the road flooded.
{¶ 4} On the day of the accident, a "high water" sign was displayed approximately 350 feet north of the point where the water began to cover the roadway. It is undisputed that the signs were not obstructed from view and were visible to motorists traveling south on C.R. 10, as Morgan was. It is also not disputed that there were no obstructions of motorists' view of the standing water once they reached the crest of a hill that was approximately 264 feet from the area where the water crossed the roadway.
{¶ 5} The estates of Brent Morgan and Roger Engel filed separate complaints in 2005, naming Williams County as a defendant. The plaintiffs alleged that the county was liable for the deaths of Morgan and Engel because Morgan lost control of his vehicle when it hit water that had collected on the roadway due to the county's negligence. In October 2005, the two cases were consolidated and in January 2006, the case was transferred to the Fulton County Court of Common Pleas. On March 28, 2006, plaintiffs filed an amended complaint naming both Williams County and North Western Electric Cooperative, Inc. as defendants.
{¶ 6} After extensive discovery, both defendants filed motions for summary judgment. Williams County asserted it was immune from liability by operation of *Page 4
R.C.
{¶ 7} In response, appellants claimed that the county's failure to adequately maintain the ditch and roadway, after having notice of long-standing problems in that area, constituted negligence. Appellants further claimed that the county acquiesced in the improper placement of the utility poles by North Western and that the placement of the "high water" signs was not adequate considering the nature and degree of the danger posed. Finally, appellants argued that Morgan's negligence, if any, was "comparative" and that his share of the totality of negligence was a question of fact for a jury.
{¶ 8} On October 10, 2007, the trial court granted summary judgment in favor of both defendants. The trial court found that Williams County was immune from liability under R.C. Chapter
{¶ 9} Appellants set forth the following assignments of error:
{¶ 10} "1. The trial court erred by granting summary judgment in favor of Appellee Williams County by finding that Williams County was immune from suit pursuant to R.C.
{¶ 11} "2. The trial court erred by granting summary judgment in favor of Appellee Williams County by finding the use of signs to warn of the accumulation of water immunized Appellee Williams County from suit.
{¶ 12} "3. The trial court erred by granting summary judgment in favor of Appellee NWEC based upon a finding that NWEC was immune from suit."
{¶ 13} An appellate court must employ a de novo standard of review of the trial court's summary judgment decision, applying the same standard used by the trial court. Lorain Natl. Bank v. Saratoga Apts. (1989), 61 Ohio App.3d 127, 129. Summary judgment will be granted when there remains no genuine issue of material fact and, when construing the evidence most strongly in favor of the nonmoving party, reasonable minds can only conclude that the moving party is entitled to judgment as a matter of law. Civ. R. 56(C).
{¶ 14} Appellants' first two assignments of error relate specifically to appellee Williams County and assert that the trial court erred by granting summary judgment in the county's favor. *Page 6
{¶ 15} R.C.
{¶ 16} As to Williams County, appellants assert in their first assignment of error that the county negligently failed to maintain the ditch along C.R. 10 where the water accumulated and the accident occurred. Appellants argue that exceptions to immunity set forth in R.C.
{¶ 17} There is no support in the record for appellant's claim that the ditch adjacent to the accident site is part of the county's sewer system and that its maintenance is therefore a proprietary function. Testimony adduced through depositions clearly described actions taken at the site with the aim of controlling flooding. Walter Schelling, Williams County engineer at the time of the accident and for the previous 16 years, testified at length about "flood control measures" taken for many years in the area immediately surrounding the accident site. Schelling repeatedly referred to the area adjacent to the roadway as a "drainage ditch." An application completed by Schelling and submitted in 1992 to the Army Corps of Engineers requesting replacement of the existing tile outlet at the site stated that the purpose for the request was drainage "to eliminate flooding." Schelling explained that the ditch was designed to handle run-off water from the road surface by channeling it into the adjacent fields. The record is devoid of any reference to the drainage tiles as a sewer system or as part of such a system. While maintenance of a sewer system is a proprietary function, flood control measures are defined in R.C.
{¶ 18} Appellants next argue that Williams County is prevented from claiming immunity because it negligently failed to remove an obstruction — that is, the accumulated rainwater — from the roadway. R.C.
{¶ 19} The Supreme Court of Ohio recently considered the issue of whether an accumulation of ice on a roadway was an "obstruction" within the meaning of R.C.
{¶ 20} In Howard, the supreme court wrote that the case hinged on the proper interpretation of R.C.
{¶ 21} "[W]e believe that the General Assembly purposely replaced the phrase `free from nuisance' with `other negligent failure to remove obstructions.' To find otherwise is to conclude that the legislature's action in amending the statute was a superfluous act.
{¶ 22} "We are persuaded that the legislature's action in amending R.C.
{¶ 23} Howard further explained at ¶ 29: "[W]e discern a legislative intent to limit political-subdivision liability for roadway injuries and deaths. The General Assembly, in furtherance of its goal, used the word `obstructions' in a deliberate effort to impose a condition more demanding than a showing of a `nuisance' in order for a plaintiff to establish an exception to immunity."
{¶ 24} The supreme court rejected as too broad the appeals court's definition of "obstruction" as "any object that has the potential of interfering with the safe passage of motorists" and reversed the appeals court's holding that the "icy mixture" on the road was an obstruction which the political subdivision had a duty of care to remove. *Page 10
{¶ 25} "We conclude that for purposes of R.C.
{¶ 26} We acknowledge that in the case before us the substance on the roadway was an accumulation of water and not ice. However, the decision in Howard clearly is not limited to circumstances involving only ice. As in Howard, we find that the water on C.R. 10 was not blocking or clogging the roadway and was therefore not an "obstruction" as contemplated by R.C.
{¶ 27} Based on the foregoing, we find that appellants' first assignment of error is not well-taken.
{¶ 28} In their second assignment of error, appellants assert that the trial court erred by finding that the use of the warning signs was a discretionary act which provided Williams County with immunity pursuant to R.C.
{¶ 29} Appellants are not arguing that there was a problem related to the high water signs at the accident scene. They do not dispute that the signs were displayed on the day of the accident. In fact, two of the troopers who investigated the accident immediately after it happened testified they observed the signs "unhinged" and visible. Trooper S.D. Cook testified at deposition that there was nothing that would have obstructed a driver's ability to see the high water sign when traveling southbound as Morgan was. Trooper Chad Durfey testified that immediately upon arriving at the scene to investigate, he noted that the signs were posted. Durfey believed the sign would have provided adequate time for a "proper response" once a driver saw it.
{¶ 30} Appellants essentially interweave the issue of the signs under this assignment of error with the argument that the water on the roadway was an obstruction that the county negligently failed to remove. This court has already found that the water did not constitute an obstruction. This argument has no merit, and appellants' second assignment of error is not well-taken.
{¶ 31} In their third assignment of error, appellants assert that the utility pole was too close to the roadway. The width of the road where the accident occurred is 60 feet and the pole which the car hit is approximately 21 feet from the center line. It is undisputed that the car crossed the center line and the oncoming lane before striking the *Page 12 utility pole and coming to a stop. Appellants essentially argue that the pole was placed too close to the roadway.
{¶ 32} The question of the circumstances under which a utility company may be held liable when a driver hits one of its poles was addressed in the May 7, 2008, decision of the Ohio Supreme Court in Turner v. OhioBell Tel. Co., Slip Opinion
{¶ 33} Appellants first argue that the utility pole was improperly placed in the C.R. 10 right-of-way. However, the supreme court noted inTurner that public utility companies have enjoyed at least a qualified right to place utility poles within the right-of-way of public roads since 1847. Id. at ¶ 17. Further, appellants acknowledge that North Western was given authority to place poles along C.R. 10 by way of resolutions of the Williams County Commissioners and the Superior Township Board of Trustees.
{¶ 34} As to interference with the usual and ordinary course of travel, there is no evidence in the case before us that the utility pole interfered with the ordinarily traveled portion of C.R. 10. The pole is not located on a traveled and improved portion of the road and does not pose a danger to anyone properly using the roadway. It can hardly be disputed that anyone traveling on the paved portion of C.R. 10 would not come into contact with the utility pole, which was nine feet from the opposite edge of the road. Accordingly, we find that North Western is not liable for its placement of the utility pole which Morgan's car struck. Appellants' third assignment of error is not well-taken.
{¶ 35} On consideration whereof, this court finds that no genuine issues of material fact exist and the trial court did not err by granting summary judgment in favor of appellees. We therefore find that substantial justice was done the parties complaining and the judgment of the Fulton County Court of Common Pleas is affirmed. Appellants *Page 14 are ordered to pay the costs of this appeal pursuant to App. R. 24. Judgment for the clerk's expense incurred in preparation of the record, fees allowed by law, and the fee for filing the appeal is awarded to Fulton County.
JUDGMENT AFFIRMED.
Mark L. Pietrykowski, P.J., Arlene Singer, J., Thomas J. Osowik, J., CONCUR.