DocketNumber: Appeal, No. 117
Citation Numbers: 273 Pa. 317
Judges: Fraser, Kephart, Moschzisker, Sadler, Schaffer, Simpson, Walling
Filed Date: 3/20/1922
Status: Precedential
Modified Date: 2/17/2022
Opinion by
The plaintiff, David McCoach, has been a police officer of the City of Philadelphia for forty years and was a captain of police from 1902 until 1920. In the latter year charges were preferred against him, to which an answer was filed and the case heard by the civil service commission, who sustained certain of the charges and ordered the demotion of McCoach to the position of lieutenant. The order being enforced, he sought restoration to his former rank by a petition for a writ of mandamus, to which return was made, and the court below (jury trial being waived) heard the case, filed an opinion and made an order granting the petition; from which the defendant city and its proper officers brought this appeal.
The decision of the trial court was based upon its finding that no competent evidence was submitted to the commission in support of the charges. Such finding, if correct, might entitled petitioner to relief by mandamus had he been removed or discharged from the force; but no law seems to prevent the demotion of a policeman without formal proceedings before the civil service commission. Unless restrained by statute, a city may promote, demote or discharge a policeman at will, under the rule that the power which appoints may remove; but section 1 of article III of the Act of June 1,1885 (P. L. 37, 41), known as “The Bullitt Bill,” protected police
By section 16 of the same article (P. L. 619), it is provided that “No person in the classified service or seeking admission thereto, shall be appointed, promoted, suspended, reduced or removed or in any way favored or discriminated against because of his political or religious opinions or affiliations. No inquiry in any application, examination or investigation shall relate to the religious or political affiliations of any person.” Under this section, plaintiff, being in the classified service, could not be reduced “because of his political or religious opinions or affiliations”; but, since the petition for the writ of mandamus does not aver he was reduced because of either of these reasons, we need consider that section no further.
The next paragraph of the act is the only one having any further bearing on the question at issue here, and is as follows: “No police officer or fireman except those dismissed during the probationary period shall be removed or discharged except for cause upon written charges, and after an opportunity to be heard in his own defense.” It will be noted that this does not relate to reduction in pay or position, but only to cases of removal or discharge, and therefore in the former instances a police officer or
We cannot construe the word “removed” to signify “reduced” or “demoted”; such is not its popular meaning, especially when referring to a public official. Moreover, in other clauses of the Act of 1919, as above quoted, where the legislature meant “reduced” it used that word and its omission when referring to police officers and firemen indicates a legislative intent to make a distinction. The use of the words “removed or discharged” does not signify that either means “reduced.” It is our duty to construe the law as written and that of the legislature to make or modify it. True, the question upon which we decide this case was not raised in the lower court, nor by counsel here; but, as it goes to the jurisdiction to grant the relief sought, we cannot ignore it.
The judgment of the court below is reversed and set aside.
Simmler v. Philadelphia , 329 Pa. 197 ( 1937 )
Gretton v. Pittsburgh , 344 Pa. 219 ( 1942 )
Souder v. Philadelphia , 305 Pa. 1 ( 1931 )
Commonwealth Ex Rel. v. Kline , 294 Pa. 562 ( 1928 )
Frantz v. Philadelphia , 333 Pa. 220 ( 1939 )
Witkin v. City of Phila. , 110 Pa. Super. 489 ( 1933 )
Cochran v. Posey , 148 Pa. Super. 492 ( 1941 )