C. Dolce v. PennDOT, Bureau of Driver Licensing

IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA
Christa Dolce :
:
v. : No. 201 C.D. 2016
: SUBMITTED: July 22, 2016
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, :
Department of Transportation, :
Bureau of Driver Licensing, :
Appellant :
BEFORE: HONORABLE ROBERT SIMPSON, Judge
HONORABLE ANNE E. COVEY, Judge
HONORABLE BONNIE BRIGANCE LEADBETTER, Senior Judge
OPINION NOT REPORTED
MEMORANDUM OPINION BY
SENIOR JUDGE LEADBETTER FILED: October 28, 2016
The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, the Department of
Transportation, Bureau of Driver Licensing, appeals from an order of the Court of
Common Pleas of Delaware County that, in pertinent part, sustained the statutory
appeal of Licensee, Christa Dolce,1 by rejecting the Department’s requirement that
she install an ignition interlock device on her vehicle upon completion of her
suspension and before restoration of her operating privilege. Because the
Department is not appealing from that part of the trial court’s order modifying
Licensee’s operating privilege suspension from eighteen to twelve months, the
narrow issue before us is whether the court erred in holding that Licensee was not
1
In July 2016, this Court entered an order precluding Licensee from filing a brief in this
matter for failure to comply with a prior order directing her to file a brief.
required to comply with the ignition interlock requirement. For the reasons that
follow, we affirm the trial court’s order sustaining Licensee’s statutory appeal to
the extent that it directed the Department to impose a twelve-month suspension,
but reverse it to the extent that it failed to require Licensee to comply with the
ignition interlock requirement found in Section 3805(a) of the Vehicle Code
(Code), 75 Pa. C.S. § 3805(a).
On July 18, 2005, Licensee was convicted of a December 25, 2004,
violation of Section 3802(c) of the Code, 75 Pa. C.S. § 3802(c), driving under the
influence of alcohol or controlled substance-highest rate of alcohol, and,
consequently, the Department suspended her operating privilege for eighteen
months. December 1, 2015, Hearing, Exhibit C-1 at #s 4 and 5; Reproduced
Record (R.R.) at 38a and 41a.2 Approximately ten years later, on August 25, 2015,
Licensee was convicted of a February 24, 2015, violation of Section 3802(d)(3) of
the Code, 75 Pa. C.S. § 3802(d)(3), driving “under the combined influence of
alcohol and a drug or combination of drugs to a degree which impairs the
individual’s ability to safely drive, operate or be in actual physical control of the
movement of the vehicle.” Id. at #2; R.R. at 35a. Thereafter, the Department
imposed an operating privilege suspension of eighteen months and an ignition
interlock requirement. Id. at #1; R.R. at 32-34a. In October 2015, Licensee filed a
timely appeal with the trial court, which held a hearing de novo.
At the hearing, the trial court admitted Commonwealth Exhibit C-1
into evidence, without objection. In addition, based on an amended DL-21,
depicting a change from conviction of a first degree misdemeanor to an ungraded
2
As the Department noted in its brief, its counsel mistakenly stated at the hearing that
Licensee accepted ARD for her first DUI violation. Department’s Brief at 7 n.1.
2
misdemeanor, both counsel agreed that the trial court should remand the matter to
the Department to modify the suspension from eighteen to twelve months.3
December 1, 2015, Hearing, Notes of Testimony (N.T.) at 3-4; R.R. 23-24a. The
Department, however, adhered to its argument that Licensee was still required to
comply with the ignition interlock requirement because her second DUI violation
occurred less than ten years after her first DUI conviction.
Subsequently, the trial court entered an order sustaining Licensee’s
appeal and directing that her operating privilege be suspended for a period of
twelve months. It further ordered, however, that she did not have to comply with
the ignition interlock provision upon completion of her license suspension.
Common Pleas’ January 14, 2016, Order; R.R. at 47a. The Department appealed,
noting its agreement with the suspension reduction but reiterating its position that
Licensee should be subject to the ignition interlock requirement. In its opinion,
filed pursuant to Pennsylvania Rule of Appellate Procedure 1925(a), the trial court
acknowledged that Licensee should be subject to the ignition interlock
requirement. We agree.
In general, the Department “shall impose an ignition interlock
requirement in situations where a person commits a DUI violation and has a prior
offense within the last ten years.” Smith v. Dep’t of Transp., Bureau of Driver
Licensing, 41 A.3d 924, 928 (Pa. Cmwlth. 2012). For purposes of Section 3805(a)
of the Code, the ignition interlock provision, the term “prior offense” is defined in
Section 3806(a) of the Code, 75 Pa. C.S. § 3806(a). Whalen v. Dep’t of Transp.,
3
In pertinent part, Section 3804(e)(2)(i) of the Code, 75 Pa. C.S. § 3804(e)(2)(i), provides
for a twelve-month suspension for an ungraded misdemeanor.
3
Bureau of Driver Licensing, 32 A.3d 677, 680 (Pa. 2011). Accordingly, those two
statutory provisions control the present case.
In relevant part, Section 3805(a)(1) and (2) of the Code, the ignition
interlock provision, provides:
(a) If a person violates section 3802 (relating to
driving under influence of alcohol or controlled
substance) and, within the past ten years, has a prior
offense as defined in section 3806(a) (relating to prior
offenses) . . . and the person seeks a restoration of
operating privileges, the department shall require as a
condition of issuing a restricted license pursuant to this
section that the following occur:
(1) Each motor vehicle owned by the person or
registered to the person has been equipped with an
ignition interlock system and remain so for the duration
of the restricted license period.
(2) If there are no motor vehicles owned by the
person or registered to the person that the person so
certify to the department. A person so certifying shall be
deemed to have satisfied the requirement that all motor
vehicles owned by the person or registered to the person
be equipped with an ignition interlock system as required
by this subsection.
75 Pa. C.S. § 3805(a)(1) and (2) (emphasis added). Section 3806(a)(1) of the
Code, which defines prior offenses, provides:
(a) General rule.—Except as set forth in subsection
(b), the term “prior offense” as used in this chapter shall
mean a conviction, adjudication of delinquency, juvenile
consent decree, acceptance of Accelerated Rehabilitative
Disposition or other form of preliminary disposition
before the sentencing on the present violation for any of
the following:
(1) an offense under section 3802 (relating
to driving under influence of alcohol or controlled
substance)[.]
75 Pa. C.S. § 3806(a)(1) (emphasis added).
4
In the present case, the following dates support the determination that
the ignition interlock requirement is applicable to Licensee: (1) July 18, 2005: 1st
conviction of Section 3802; (2) February 24, 2015: 2nd violation of Section 3802;
and (3) August 25, 2015: 2nd conviction of Section 3802. Because Licensee’s
first DUI conviction, July 18, 2005, occurred before the sentencing on the present
violation, August 25, 2015, her first DUI conviction is a “prior offense.” Further,
because she violated Section 3802 on February 24, 2015, which is within ten years
of her first DUI conviction of July 18, 2005, she is, therefore, required to comply
with the ignition interlock requirement. See Whalen, 32 A.3d at 680 (holding that,
“based strictly on the plain text of Section 3805, the ignition interlock requirement
is applicable when a person ‘violates’ Section 3802, and also, within the preceding
ten years, had a ‘prior offense,’ i.e., a prior conviction or prior acceptance of ARD
for an offense under Section 3802 or similar provision.”)
Accordingly, we affirm the trial court’s order sustaining Licensee’s
statutory appeal to the extent that it directed the Department to impose a twelve-
month suspension, but reverse it to the extent that the court failed to require
Licensee to comply with the ignition interlock requirement.
_____________________________________
BONNIE BRIGANCE LEADBETTER,
Senior Judge
5
IN THE COMMONWEALTH COURT OF PENNSYLVANIA
Christa Dolce :
:
v. : No. 201 C.D. 2016
:
Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, :
Department of Transportation, :
Bureau of Driver Licensing, :
:
Appellant :
ORDER
AND NOW, this 28th day of October, 2016, the order of the Court of
Common Pleas of Delaware County is hereby AFFIRMED to the extent that the
court sustained the statutory appeal of Licensee, Christa Dolce, and directed the
Department to impose a twelve-month suspension of her operating privilege, and
REVERSED to the extent that the court failed to require Licensee to comply with
the ignition interlock requirement. The Department’s requirement that Licensee
comply with the ignition interlock provision is reinstated.
_____________________________________
BONNIE BRIGANCE LEADBETTER,
Senior Judge