Com. v. Pickard, K.

J-S20003-20
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
KEVIN PICKARD :
:
Appellant : No. 3443 EDA 2018
Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered August 17, 2012
In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-51-CR-0013280-2010,
CP-51CR-0013277-2010, CP-51CR-0013279-2010
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
KEVIN PICKARD :
:
Appellant : No. 2164 EDA 2019
Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered August 17, 2012
In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-51-CR-0013277-2010,
CP-51-CR-0013279-2010, CP-51-CR-0013280-2010
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
KEVIN PICKARD :
:
Appellant : No. 2165 EDA 2019
Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered August 17, 2012
In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-51-CR-0013277-2010,
J-S20003-20
CP-51-CR-0013279-2010, CP-51-CR-0013280-2010
BEFORE: SHOGAN, J., STABILE, J., and McLAUGHLIN, J.
MEMORANDUM BY SHOGAN, J.: FILED: MAY 24, 2021
Appellant, Kevin Pickard, appeals nunc pro tunc from the judgment of
sentence entered on August 17, 2012. After careful review, we affirm.
We previously summarized the procedural history, in relevant part, as
follows:
Appellant proceeded to a jury trial that began on June 13, 2012.
On June 25, 2012, the jury found Appellant guilty of the following
crimes:[1] one count of aggravated assault at trial court docket
number CP-51-CR-0013279-2010; a second count of aggravated
assault at trial court docket number CP-51-CR-0013280-2010;
and a third count of aggravated assault and one count of
possessing an instrument of crime (“PIC”) at trial court docket
number CP-51-CR-0013277-2010.4 N.T, 6/25/12, at 10–12.[2]
4 All three aggravated assault counts were convictions
under 18 Pa.C.S. § 2702(a)(1), and the single count
of PIC was a violation of 18 Pa.C.S. § 907(a).
On August 16, 2012, the Commonwealth filed a motion for
reconsideration, averring that the aggregate sentence was too
lenient and asking the trial court to impose a longer term of total
confinement. Commonwealth’s Motion for Reconsideration,
8/16/12, at 2–5. On August 17, 2012, the trial court granted the
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1 The jury was unable to reach a decision on the charged counts of attempted
murder, 18 Pa.C.S. § 2502. Thus, the trial court declared a mistrial on all
three counts of attempted murder.
2 The trial court sentenced Appellant to five-to-ten-year terms of
imprisonment, to run concurrently, for each aggravated-assault conviction
and for the PIC conviction, followed by five years of probation. Thus, the
aggregate sentence was five to ten years of incarceration followed by five
years of probation.
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Commonwealth’s motion for reconsideration and vacated the
August 10, 2012 sentencing order. The trial court resentenced
Appellant as follows: at trial court docket number CP-51-CR-
0013277-2010, the trial court imposed a sentence of five to ten
years of incarceration for aggravated assault, followed by a
consecutive term of two to four years of incarceration for PIC.
N.T., 8/17/12, at 27. At trial court docket number CP-51-CR-
0013279-2010, the trial court sentenced Appellant to a
consecutive term of five to ten years of incarceration for
aggravated assault, id. at 27–28, and at trial court docket number
CP-51-CR-0013280-2010, the trial court imposed another
consecutive sentence of five to ten years of incarceration. Id. at
28. The trial court ordered Appellant to serve the sentences
consecutively, resulting in an aggregate sentence of seventeen to
thirty-four years of incarceration.[3] Id. Appellant did not file a
direct appeal.
On November 15, 2012, Appellant filed a timely pro se
petition pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”), 42
Pa.C.S. §§ 9541-9546. Thereafter, Appellant, pro se, filed
numerous documents with the PCRA court, and eventually, the
PCRA court appointed counsel. Counsel filed an amended PCRA
petition on October 15, 2014, and the PCRA court held a hearing
on January 29, 2016. Following the hearing, the PCRA court
reinstated Appellant’s right to file post-sentence motions and a
direct appeal nunc pro tunc. Order, 1/29/16.
Commonwealth v. Pickard, 240 A.3d 992, 3443 EDA 2018, *1–2 (Pa.
Super. filed September 29, 2020) (non-precedential decision).
What followed were a series of procedural missteps that we addressed
in Pickard, 3443 EDA 2018, and they account for Appellant’s proper filing of
his nunc pro tunc post-sentence motion on December 22, 2017. The PCRA
court denied the motion on November 19, 2018. PCRA Court Opinion,
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3 The Commonwealth had asked the court to impose the maximum possible
sentence of thirty-two and one-half to sixty-five years of imprisonment. N.T.,
8/17/12, at 4.
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1/10/19, at 2. On November 29, 2018, Appellant filed timely appeals at all
three trial court docket numbers, and the appeals were docketed at Superior
Court docket number 3443 EDA 2018. Pickard, 3443 EDA 2018, at *3.
We determined, pursuant to Commonwealth v. Johnson, 236 A.3d
1141, 1148 (Pa. Super. 2020) (en banc), that although Appellant’s separate
notices of appeal bore more than one trial court docket number, the notices
of appeal did not run afoul of Commonwealth v. Walker, 185 A.3d 969 (Pa.
2018), or Pa.R.A.P. 341. Pickard, 3443 EDA 2018, at *4. Additionally,
because Appellant’s counsel failed to file a Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) statement, as
ordered, we concluded, pursuant to Commonwealth v. Burton, 973 A.2d
428, 432 (Pa. Super. 2009), that it precluded appellate review and was
presumptively prejudicial and clear ineffectiveness. Thus, we remanded for
Appellant’s counsel to prepare and file a Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) statement nunc
pro tunc within ten days of September 29, 2020, the date we filed our decision,
and for the trial court to file a Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a) opinion within forty-five days
thereafter. Pickard, 3443 EDA 2018, at *5. This matter is now ripe for
disposition.
Appellant raises the following issue in this appeal:
1. Did the lower court abuse its discretion in denying Appellant’s
Motion for Reconsideration of Sentence?
Appellant’s Brief at unnumbered 2.
We first determine whether Appellant’s issue is preserved for our review
because it is well established that failure to comply with the minimal
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requirements of the Pennsylvania Rules of Appellate Procedure will result in
the waiver of those issues on appeal. Commonwealth v. Schofield, 888
A.2d 771, 774 (Pa. 2005). Here, Appellant’s counsel filed the Pa.R.A.P.
1925(b) statement nunc pro tunc on January 19, 2021, more than three
months late. Failure to comply with the time requirements of Rule 1925 will
result in the automatic waiver of appellate review of the issues raised in the
untimely statement. Commonwealth v. Hill, 16 A.3d 484, 494 (Pa. 2011);
Commonwealth v. Castillo, 888 A.2d 775, 779-780 (Pa. 2005).
Despite noting Appellant failed to comply with our time-for-filing
directive, the trial court did not find waiver and instead, addressed the merits
of the issue. We conclude that because the trial court has filed an opinion
addressing the issue presented in the late Rule 1925(b) concise statement,
and due to the myriad problematic procedural issues heretofore that resulted
from counsel’s representation, we will not find the issue waived on this basis.
See Commonwealth v. Rodriguez, 81 A.3d 103 (Pa. Super. 2013) (concise
statement filed four days late did not result in waiver where trial court issued
opinion addressing issues raised therein); Burton, 973 at 433 (where the
appellant filed an untimely Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) statement one day after it was
due, appellate court may decide appeal on merits if trial court had adequate
opportunity to prepare opinion addressing issues raised on appeal).
As clarified in Appellant’s Rule 1925(b) statement, Appellant asserts that
his sentence is unduly harsh and excessive and that the trial court imposed
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consecutive sentences without justification in the record. [Appellant’s] Rule
1925 Statement of Matters Complained of on Appeal, 1/19/21. Appellant, in
a single sentence, also makes a passing reference that the increased sentence
is the result of judicial vindictiveness. Appellant’s Brief at unnumbered 10.
Appellant’s issue is one of discretionary aspects of sentencing.
Commonwealth v. Gould, 912 A.2d 869, 872 (Pa. Super. 2006).
“A challenge to the discretionary aspects of a sentence must be
considered a petition for permission to appeal, as the right to pursue such a
claim is not absolute.” Commonwealth v. McAfee, 849 A.2d 270, 274 (Pa.
Super. 2004) (citation omitted). An appellant challenging the discretionary
aspects of his sentence must invoke this Court’s jurisdiction by satisfying a
four-part test:
[W]e conduct a four-part analysis to determine: (1) whether
appellant has filed a timely notice of appeal, see Pa.R.A.P. 902
and 903; (2) whether the issue was properly preserved at
sentencing or in a motion to reconsider and modify sentence, see
Pa.R.Crim.P. [720]; (3) whether [the] appellant’s brief has a fatal
defect, Pa.R.A.P. 2119(f); and (4) whether there is a substantial
question that the sentence appealed from is not appropriate under
the Sentencing Code, 42. Pa.C.S.A. § 9781(b).
Commonwealth v. Moury, 992 A.2d 162, 170 (Pa. Super. 2010) (citation
omitted; brackets in original). Whether a particular issue constitutes a
substantial question about the appropriateness of a sentence is a question to
be evaluated on a case-by-case basis. Commonwealth v. Kenner, 784 A.2d
808, 811 (Pa. Super. 2001). As to what constitutes a substantial question,
this Court does not accept bald assertions of sentencing errors.
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Commonwealth v. Malovich, 903 A.2d 1247, 1252 (Pa. Super. 2006). An
appellant must articulate the reasons the sentencing court’s actions violated
the sentencing code. Id.Herein, Appellant has met the first two requirements of the four-part
test. Appellant filed a timely appeal and raised the challenge in a post-
sentence motion. However, Appellant has not included in his appellate brief
the necessary statement of the reasons relied upon for allowance of appeal
pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 2119(f). Nevertheless, this omission is not fatal to
Appellant’s sentencing challenge because the Commonwealth has not
objected. See Commonwealth v. Yeomans, 24 A.3d 1044 (Pa. Super.
2011) (“[W]hen the appellant has not included a Rule 2119(f) statement, and
the appellee has not objected, this Court may ignore the omission and
determine if there is a substantial question that the sentence imposed was not
appropriate”). As Appellant has suggested the trial court weighed only some,
but not all, of the 42 Pa.C.S. § 9721 sentencing factors, Appellant’s Brief at
unnumbered 10, we conclude that Appellant raised a substantial question
about the appropriateness of the sentence.4 See Commonwealth v. Hill,
210 A.3d 1104, 1116 (Pa. Super. 2019) (finding a substantial question where
the appellant averred that the trial court failed to consider certain sentencing
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4 We have chosen to overlook that Appellant wholly fails to specify what
specific sentencing factors the trial court ignored.
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factors in conjunction with an assertion that the sentence imposed was
excessive).
In assessing the merits of a challenge to the discretionary aspects of a
sentence, we apply the following standard:
Sentencing is a matter vested in the sound discretion of the
sentencing judge, and a sentence will not be disturbed on appeal
absent a manifest abuse of discretion. In this context, an abuse
of discretion is not shown merely by an error in judgment. Rather,
the appellant must establish, by reference to the record, that the
sentencing court ignored or misapplied the law, exercised its
judgment for reasons of partiality, prejudice, bias or ill will, or
arrived at a manifestly unreasonable decision.
Commonwealth v. Johnson, 125 A.3d 822, 826 (Pa. Super. 2015) (citing
Commonwealth v. Disalvo, 70 A.3d 900, 903 (Pa. Super. 2013)); see also
Commonwealth v. Walls, 926 A.2d 957, 961 (Pa. 2007) (citation omitted)
(“An abuse of discretion may not be found merely because an appellate court
might have reached a different conclusion, but requires a result of manifest
unreasonableness, or partiality, prejudice bias or ill-will, or such a lack of
support as to be clearly erroneous.”).
After review, we discern no abuse of discretion in the sentences
imposed. At Appellant’s sentencing, the trial court was apprised of the
Sentencing Guidelines, the maximum sentences available, and the PSI report.
N.T. (Sentencing), 8/17/12, at 4–5. When the sentencing court has the
benefit of a pre-sentence investigation report, we presume that the court was
aware of all relevant sentencing factors. Commonwealth v. Knox, 219 A.3d
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186, 199 (Pa. Super. 2019) (citing Commonwealth v. Ventura, 975 A.2d
1128, 1135 (Pa. Super. 2009)).
Moreover, we cannot conclude that Appellant’s aggregate sentence of
seventeen to thirty-four years of incarceration is extreme and excessive for
three separate convictions of aggravated assault graded as first-degree
felonies. Indeed, the trial court discussed the details of Appellant’s crimes,
and the details emphasize that Appellant’s actions were more than a “typical”
aggravated assault because Appellant went on a shooting spree on a public
street. See Commonwealth v. Fullin, 892 A.2d 843, 848 (Pa. Super. 2006)
(affirming an aggravated-range sentence where one of the grounds for the
sentence was that the defendant’s actions deviated from a typical case of the
offense under consideration); see also Commonwealth v. Caldwell, 117
A.3d 763, 771 (Pa. Super. 2015) (affirming the trial court’s imposition of
consecutive sentences and an aggregate term of thirty-one to sixty-two years
of incarceration where the trial court specifically considered that defendant
fired a gun on a public street and the only reason he did not kill someone was
“for the grace of God”). Here, as Appellant shot his intended adult target, he
also shot two young children, ages two and eight, as they played with other
children in the area. N.T., 6/13/12, 32; N.T., 6/18/12, at 138.
In its Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a) opinion, the trial court explained its reasons for
imposing the sentences as follows:
At the hearing regarding the Motion for Reconsideration of
Sentencing, after both sides were given ample opportunity to
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present, the [trial c]ourt stated, “After reviewing the motion,
hearing the arguments, and reconsidering all of the factors,
including the sentencing guideline[s], all presentencing court and
character reference letters, the need to protect the public, which
in this case [Appellant] was found guilty of total disregard for the
possible consequences of shooting a large handgun down a
residential block on a summer afternoon, injuring not only his
intended target, but two innocent children playing outside, and
the gravity of this offense[,] in particular in relation to the impact
of the victim and the community, the injury to the victim, and the
two-year-old in particular, [was] severe and life-altering not only
for the children, but for their mother as well, who has not returned
to the home she once occupied because of the emotional trauma,
the [c]ourt finds it appropriate at this time to vacate it[]s [A]ugust
10th, 2012 sentence…” N.T. 8/17/12, pgs. 26–27. It’s clear that
the [c]ourt considered the protection of the community and, given
the facts and nature of the case, this reconsideration was neither
harsh nor excessive, and was certainly just. The sentence was
altered from running concurrently to consecutively, which is within
the discretion of the sentencing judge. The above statement of
the trial court clearly shows that the court thoughtfully considered
every relevant factor and made an informed decision in altering
the sentence. . . .
Trial Court Opinion, 3/10/21, at 5–6.
Appellant focuses on his claim that the trial court abused its discretion
in imposing consecutive, rather than concurrent sentences.5 To the extent
that Appellant is unhappy with the duration of his incarceration due to the
consecutive nature of the sentences, the decision to order sentences to run
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5 Appellant’s passing reference to vindictiveness in sentencing, Appellant’s
Brief at unnumbered 10, is waived for failure to develop a meaningful
argument supported by citation to relevant authority. “Where an appellate
brief . . . fails to develop the issue in any other meaningful fashion capable of
review, that claim is waived.” Commonwealth v. Donoughe, 243 A.3d 980,
986 (Pa. Super. 2020) (quoting Commonwealth v. Johnson, 985 A.2d 915,
924 (Pa. 2009)). “It is not the role of this Court to “formulate an appellant’s
arguments for him.” Donoughe, 243 A.3d at 986.
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concurrently or consecutively is left to the discretion of the trial court.
Commonwealth v. Radecki, 180 A.3d 441, 470 (Pa. Super. 2018). It is well
settled that an appellant is not entitled to a “volume discount” for his crimes
by having all of his sentences run concurrently. Commonwealth v. Hoag,
665 A.2d 1212, 1214 (Pa. Super. 1995). We conclude that the trial court
acted within its discretion in imposing consecutive sentences. Accordingly,
Appellant’s contrary claim lacks merit.
Judgment of sentence affirmed.
Judge Stabile joins the Memorandum.
Judge McLaughlin concurs in the result.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 5/24/21
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