Frempong, S. v. Phillips, J.

J-A21018-21
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
STEVE A. FREMPONG AND AGNES : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
FREMPONG : PENNSYLVANIA
:
Appellants :
:
:
v. :
:
: No. 142 EDA 2021
JENNIFER PHILLIPS, CHARDAE :
DENMARK, ELLEN PALMER, PORTIA :
DARDEN, ALLAN RICHARDSON, :
LASHANA WHITAKER, ALBERT :
JOHNSON, AND CATALINA STARLING :
Appeal from the Order Entered January 6, 2021
In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County Civil Division at
No(s): No. 190804441
BEFORE: KUNSELMAN, J., NICHOLS, J., and KING, J.
MEMORANDUM BY NICHOLS, J.: FILED JANUARY 19, 2022
Appellant Steve A. Frempong appeals pro se from the order denying his
petition to strike, vacate, or open the judgment of non pros.1 Appellant argues
that the trial court did not have the authority to enter non pros after Appellant
failed to appear for a rule hearing. Appellant also challenges the trial court’s
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1 We note that a trial court’s interlocutory order denying a petition to open a
judgment of non pros is immediately appealable. See Pa.R.A.P. 311(a)(1)
(stating orders refusing to open, vacate or strike off judgment are appealable
as of right); see also Smith v. Friends Hosp., 928 A.2d 1072, 1074 (Pa.
Super. 2007) (stating than an order denying a petition to open a judgment of
non pros, while not disposing of all parties and all claims, is an interlocutory
order immediately appealable as of right).
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orders denying his motion for summary judgment and striking a default
judgment against Appellee Jennifer Phillips. We affirm.
The trial court summarized the underlying facts and procedural history
of this matter as follows:
[Appellant] and Agnes Frempong [Appellant’s wife] initiated this
action on August 27, 2019 by filing a complaint against numerous
[Appellees] seeking, inter alia, ejectment of those [Appellees].
[Appellant and his wife] own numerous properties in Philadelphia.
In their complaint, they essentially consolidated ejectment actions
for many of those properties against numerous unrelated tenant
[Appellees].[2]
Per the court’s standard procedures, the case was listed for a
mandatory case management conference for December 10, 2019.
[Appellant] failed to appear at the case management conference.
On December 17, 2019, the court scheduled a rule hearing for
March 17, 2020. The purpose of the rule hearing was for
[Appellant] to explain his failure to appear at the mandatory case
management conference.
Due to COVID-19, the rule hearing was subsequently rescheduled
to November 10, 2020 via an order entered on October 27, 2020.
[Appellant] failed to appear at the rule hearing held on November
10, 2020. Counsel for various [Appellees] appeared at the rule
hearing. Upon oral motion made by counsel for those [Appellees]
at the rule hearing, this court entered a judgment of non pros as
to [Appellant] for his failure to appear at both the rule hearing and
the mandatory conference. The court’s order was docketed on
November 16, 2020.
On December 14, 2020, [Appellant] filed a motion to strike and/or
open judgment of non pros. Certain [Appellees] filed a response
in opposition. On January 6, 2021, this court denied [Appellant’s]
motion[.]
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2 The record reflects that Appellant and his wife, Agnes Frempong, sought to
eject residents in five separate rental properties, each of which were owned
by either Appellant or his wife.
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Trial Ct. Op., 3/12/21, at 2-3.
On January 7, 2021, Appellant filed a timely notice of appeal. The trial
court issued a Rule 1925(a) opinion explaining the reasons for denying
Appellant’s petition to strike the judgment of non pros.3
On appeal, Appellant raises the following issues:
1. The trial court’s rationale for entry of judgment of non pros and
subsequent denial of [Appellants’] petition to strike, vacate or
open judgment of non pros is factually incorrect and legally
erroneous but completely misplaced and that the entry of
judgment of non pros is grossly erroneous and manifestly
abused its discretion.
2. [The] trial court’s dismissal of [Appellant’s] motion for
summary judgment on the pleadings against Chardae Denmark
constitutes gross error of law and manifest abuse of discretion
and [] this Court should vacate and reverse said order for
dismissal and grant [Appellants’] motion for summary
judgment on the pleadings against Chardae Denmark.
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3 Therein, the trial court clarified:
[O]nly the non pros issued as to [Appellant] is at issue on appeal.
[Appellant’s] wife is a named plaintiff in the complaint, but
[Appellant’s wife] was only administratively added as a plaintiff on
the docket after this court had entered the judgment of non pros
and denied the subsequent petition. While it appears [Appellant’s
wife] resides with her husband and should have been aware of
court events based on the notices sent to [Appellant], the court is
mindful that [Appellant’s wife] was entitled to her own due
process. There is no way [Appellant’s wife] could have received
notice of any court event if she was not entered on the docket.
Thus, on February 4, 2021, this court struck the non pros as to
[Appellant’s wife], to the extent one existed.
Trial Ct. Op. at 1.
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3. The trial court did not have subject matter jurisdiction to
consider [Appellee] Jennifer Phillips’ petition to open default
judgment as said petition did not meet the basic threshold
defined by Pa.R.Civ.P. 237.3, a condition precedent for the trial
court’s intervention in default judgment proceedings, hence
[the] trial court’s order of November 18, 2019 should be
vacated and reversed as it [constitutes a violation of
Appellant’s wife’s] substantive due process and property rights
protections under the Pennsylvania and United States
Constitutions.
Appellant’s Brief at 2-3.
Judgment of Non Pros
In his first issue, Appellant challenges both the judgment of non pros
and the trial court’s order denying his petition to strike. First, Appellant argues
that the trial court lacked the authority to enter non pros as a sanction for his
failure to appear at the rule hearing. Id. at 32. In support, Appellant asserts
that courts may only sanction parties for failing to appear for trial or at a
mandatory pre-trial hearing. Id. (citing Pa.R.Civ.P. 212.3; Pa.R.Civ.P. 218;
Grendachi v. Cassidy, 688 A.2d 1215 (Pa. Super. 1997) (en banc)).
Appellant contends that rule hearings are “distinguishable from
conciliatory/pre-trial conferences under Rule 212.3[,] which [are] subject to
Rule 218’s sanction[,]” and therefore, the trial court erred in entering non
pros. Id.Appellant also argues that the trial court abused its discretion by
denying his timely petition to strike the judgment of non pros. Id.Specifically, he claims that “lack of notice by email at the height of the COVID-
19 era while opposing parties were provided with email notices due to
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negligence of trial court, provide compelling reason for delay and failure to
attend rule hearing.” Id. Further, he argues that he has a meritorious cause
of action for ejectment against Appellees. Id. Therefore, Appellant concludes
that the trial court erred in denying relief.4 Id.“A request to open a judgment of non pros, like the opening of a default
judgment, is in the nature of an appeal to the equitable powers of the court[.]”
Bartolomeo v. Marshall, 69 A.3d 610, 613 (Pa. Super. 2013) (citations
omitted). Therefore, we review a trial court’s decision to deny a petition to
open or strike a judgment of non pros for an abuse of discretion. Id. at 614.
Rule 218 of the Pennsylvania Rules of Civil Procedure states that a trial
court may enter a judgment of non pros against a plaintiff who fails to appear
for trial. Pa.R.Civ.P. 218(a), (c). Additionally, this Court has held that
“[c]ounsel is under the same duty to appear at conciliatory or pre-trial
conferences as he or she is to appear for trial.” Therefore, “[t]he sanctions in
Rule 218 have consistently been extended to cover a plaintiff’s absence from
a pre-trial conference scheduled pursuant to Rule 212.3.” Kruis v. McKenna,
790 A.2d 322, 325 (Pa. Super. 2001) (citation omitted); see also Pa.R.Civ.P.
212.3 (stating that trial courts may order “the parties or any unrepresented
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4 Appellant also raises additional arguments concerning due diligence and the
lack of prejudice to Appellees, both of which are factors that only apply when
the court enters a judgment of non pros based on inactivity. See Pa.R.Civ.P.
3051(c). Because the trial court entered non pros as a sanction for Appellant’s
failure to appear at a mandatory hearing, these factors are inapplicable to the
instant matter. See Grendachi, 688 A.2d at 1217. Therefore, we do not
address them.
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party” to appear for a pre-trial conferences to address, inter alia, trial issues,
scheduling orders, settlements, or “other matters as may aid in the disposition
of the action”); see also Phila.R.Civ.P. 212.3(A) (noting that an individual’s
failure to appear at a mandatory pre-trial hearing “may result in the imposition
of sanctions”).
To seek relief from a judgment of non pros, the party must file a petition
with the trial court which demonstrates that “(1) the petition is timely filed,
(2) there is a reasonable explanation or legitimate excuse for the conduct that
gave rise to the entry of judgment of non pros, and (3) there is a meritorious
cause of action.” Pa.R.Civ.P. 3051(b).
Here, the trial court entered non pros against Appellant after he failed
to appear for a mandatory case management conference and a subsequent
rule hearing. Specifically, the trial court explained:
This [c]ourt entered the judgment of non pros against [Appellant]
after he failed to appear at two mandatory court events - the case
management conference and the Rule hearing. [Appellant] should
certainly have appreciated and understood his obligations to
attend these mandatory events. While [Appellant] is self-
represented, he is no stranger to the Philadelphia court system
and the appellate courts. A review of public docket records
confirms that [Appellant] has a two-plus decade history of
litigating cases in the trial courts and appellate courts. Moreover,
in this case, he actively participated in the case, filing pleadings
and motions throughout 2019, until he failed to appear.
In his motion, [Appellant] offered a menu of excuses for his two
failures to appear. These excuses were unavailing, especially, in
light of [Appellant’s] familiarity with the court system and court
process. [Appellant’s] subsequent failure to appear before this
Court and explain his absence from the case management
conference simply reinforced [Appellant’s] lack of diligence.
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Trial Ct. Op. at 4.
The trial court further noted:
The mandatory case management conference is a critical albeit
preliminary checkpoint in the litigation process that requires
parties to examine all aspects of their respective cases, including
the considerations in Rule 212.3. This important purpose is
particularly applicable here, where [Appellant’s] complaint covers
many properties and many unrelated tenants. At the very least,
in addition to the other Rule 212.3 considerations, the conference
could have clarified the claims for [Appellees].
Id.With respect to Appellant’s petition to strike the judgment of non pros,
the trial court stated:
First, [Appellant] filed his petition to strike and/or open the
judgment of non pros approximately 29 days after the clerk
entered the non pros on the docket, which this court accepts as
“promptly filed.”
Second, the list of excuses [Appellant] gave in his petition for his
failures to attend both events, however, is not persuasive. The
list, which ranges from [Appellant’s] claim that he lost his
computer and/or it was not functioning properly, to he was away
and did not receive court notices in the mail, collectively reinforce
his own negligence and want of diligence in prosecuting this
matter. For a litigant who is so familiar with the court system,
[Appellant] easily could have picked up the telephone and called
any one of the numerous publicly available numbers to advise the
court of his circumstances. Notably, the case management
conference was scheduled and took place before the COVID-19
pandemic, so all court operations were fully functioning at that
time. While the rule hearing was scheduled during the pandemic,
the October 27, 2020 scheduling order provided an email address
for the parties to use if they had any questions. [Appellant] took
none of these steps. Thus, the court concludes that [Appellant]
did not have a reasonable excuse for his delay.
Third, even if this court had excused [Appellant’s] delay, a cursory
review of the complaint and answers confirms that [Appellant]
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does not have a meritorious cause of action. Not only are there
deficiencies in the pleadings, as [Appellant] has improperly
combined unrelated claims and unrelated parties in a single
complaint, [Appellant] does not have a valid rental license for at
least one of the subject properties. This is an issue with which
[Appellant] must be familiar, as he has previously litigated the
identical issue on the identical property with the identical
defendants. See Frempong v. Richardson, 209 A.3d 1001,
1010 (Pa. Super. 2019).
As the Superior Court previously held, under Philadelphia Code §
9-3901(4)(2), a landlord without a valid rental license is not
entitled to unpaid rent as well as possession of the property. Id.
The property at issue in Frempong v. Richardson is the same
property still at issue here, and the parties are identical. Even
setting aside the potential res judicata and collateral estoppel
defenses to the cause of action, it appears clear from the
pleadings that [Appellant] still does not hold a valid rental license.
Thus, he would not be entitled to unpaid rent or possession of the
property, which is the relief he seeks in the complaint. As a result,
[Appellant] does not state a meritorious cause of action for inter
alia ejectment.
Trial Ct. Op. at 5-7 (some formatting altered).
Based on our review of the record, we conclude that the trial court had
the authority to enter non pros against Appellant after he failed to appear for
the mandatory pre-trial case management conference in 2019. See
Pa.R.Civ.P. 212.3(a); Pa.R.Civ.P. 218(c); Grendachi, 688 A.2d at 1217.
Further, there is no basis to conclude that the trial court lost the authority to
enter non pros when it entered an order scheduling a rule hearing for Appellant
to explain his absence from the pre-trial case management conference. See
Pa.R.Civ.P. 218(c); see also Anderson v. Pa. Fin. Responsibility
Assigned Claims Plans, 637 A.2d 659, 661 (Pa. Super. 1994) (stating that,
after a party fails to appear, the trial court may enter non pros “without a
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separate determination that the failure to appear was without satisfactory
excuse”).
Additionally, we discern no abuse of discretion by the trial court in
denying Appellant’s petition to strike the judgment of non pros. See
Bartolomeo, 69 A.3d at 613. As noted by the trial court, although Appellant
filed a timely petition to strike, he failed to provide a reasonable explanation
or excuse for his failure to appear for the mandatory case management
conference. See Trial Ct. Op. at 6; see also Pa.R.Civ.P. 3051(b). Therefore,
the trial court did not abuse its discretion by denying Appellant relief.
Pre-Trial Orders
In his remaining issues, Appellant challenges the trial court’s prior
orders denying his motion for summary judgment against Chardae Denmark
and striking the default judgment against Appellee Jennifer Phillips. See
Appellant’s Brief at 12-27. Initially, we must consider whether we have
jurisdiction over these claims.
It is well settled that this Court may reach the merits of an appeal taken
from (1) a final order or an order certified as a final order; (2) an interlocutory
order appealable as of right; (3) an interlocutory order appealable by
permission; or (4) a collateral order. Estate of Considine v. Wachovia
Bank, 966 A.2d 1148, 1151 (Pa. Super. 2009).
Further, the entry of a final order renders prior interlocutory orders
appealable. See McNeal v. Eaton Corp., 806 A.2d 899, 901 n.2 (Pa. Super.
2002) (stating that “a trial court order declaring a case settled as to all
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remaining parties renders prior grants of summary judgment final for
purposes of Pa.R.A.P. 341, even if the prior orders entered disposed of fewer
than all claims against all parties” (citation omitted)); see also Betz v.
Pneumo Abex, LLC, 44 A.3d 27, 54 (Pa. 2012) (stating that “an appeal of a
final order subsumes challenges to previous interlocutory decisions” (citation
omitted)).
However, there is no support for the proposition that the entry of a non-
final interlocutory order appealable as of right renders final and appealable
any other interlocutory orders. See Digital Commc’ns Warehouse, Inc. v.
Allen Invs., LLC, 223 A.3d 278, 284 (Pa. Super. 2019); see also
Commonwealth v. Marconi, 490 A.2d 871, 874-75 (Pa. Super. 1985)
(explaining that other interlocutory matters may not be joined with an
interlocutory double jeopardy appeal and must await final judgment for
resolution).
Here, to the extent Appellant challenges the orders denying summary
judgment and striking the default judgment, both orders are interlocutory and
unappealable. See Stewart v. Precision Airmotive, LLC, 7 A.3d 266, 270
(Pa. Super. 2010) (stating that “[a]n order denying summary judgment is
interlocutory and, generally, not appealable”); see also Digital Commc’ns
Warehouse, 223 A.3d at 284 (explaining that, “[b]y its nature, an order
striking a default judgment is not a final order that disposes of the matter.
Instead, such an order ‘annuls the original judgment and the parties are left
as if no judgment had been entered’” (citation and footnote omitted)).
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As noted previously, Appellant appealed as of right from the order
denying his motion to strike the judgment of non pros. See Pa.R.A.P.
311(a)(1); see also Smith, 928 A.2d at 1074. However, because the trial
court’s order was appealable by rule, and not as a final order, the trial court’s
prior orders denying summary judgment and striking default judgment remain
interlocutory. Cf. Digital Commc’ns Warehouse, 223 A.3d at 278.
Therefore, to the extent Appellant challenges prior trial court orders that are
not yet final, we do not have jurisdiction to review those claims. See Pa.R.A.P.
341.
For these reasons, we affirm the trial court’s order denying Appellant’s
petition to strike, vacate, or open the judgment of non pros. Further, as
discussed herein, we note that the trial court struck the non pros as to
Appellant’s wife, Agnes Frempong, to the extent one existed.
Order affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 1/19/2022
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