Grosse, K. v. Granite State Ins. Co.

J-A06037-17
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
KENNETH GROSSE, JR., INDIAN : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
VALLEY GREENES, INC. AND INDIAN : PENNSYLVANIA
VALLEY GREENES, L.P. :
:
:
v. :
:
:
GRANITE STATE INSURANCE : No. 1564 EDA 2016
COMPANY AND ILLINOIS NATIONAL :
INSURANCE COMPANY :
----------------------------------------- :
QUADE CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, :
INC. :
:
:
v. :
:
:
GRANITE STATE INSURANCE :
COMPANY AND ILLINOIS NATIONAL :
INSURANCE COMPANY :
:
:
APPEAL OF: GRANITE STATE :
INSURANCE COMPANY :
Appeal from the Order Entered April 22, 2016
In the Court of Common Pleas of Montgomery County
Civil Division at No(s): No. 14-11024,
No. 15-01708
KENNETH GROSSE, JR., INDIAN : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
VALLEY GREENES, INC. AND INDIAN : PENNSYLVANIA
VALLEY GREENES, L.P. :
:
:
v. :
:
:
GRANITE STATE INSURANCE : No. 1587 EDA 2016
COMPANY, INC. AND ILLINOIS :
NATIONAL INSURANCE COMPANY :
J-A06037-17
----------------------------------------- :
QUADE CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, :
INC. :
:
:
v. :
:
:
GRANITE STATE INSURANCE :
COMPANY, INC. AND ILLINOIS :
NATIONAL INSURANCE COMPANY :
APPEAL OF GRANITE STATE :
INSURANCE COMPANY :
Appeal from the Order Entered April 22, 2016
In the Court of Common Pleas of Montgomery County
Civil Division at No(s): No. 14-11024
KENNETH GROSSE, JR., INDIAN : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
VALLEY GREENES, INC. AND : PENNSYLVANIA
INDIAN VALLEY GREENES, L.P. :
:
:
v. :
:
:
GRANITE STATE INSURANCE : No. 1600 EDA 2016
COMPANY AND ILLINOIS NATIONAL :
INSURANCE COMPANY :
---------------------------------------- :
-QUADE CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, :
INC. :
:
:
v. :
:
:
GRANITE STATE INSURANCE :
COMPANY AND ILLINOIS NATIONAL :
INSURANCE COMPANY :
:
:
APPEAL OF: GRANITE STATE :
INSURANCE COMPANY AND :
ILLINOIS NATIONAL INSURANCE :
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J-A06037-17
COMPANY
Appeal from the Order Entered April 22, 2016
In the Court of Common Pleas of Montgomery County
Civil Division at No(s): No. 14-11024
KENNETH GROSSE, JR., INDIAN : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
VALLEY GREENES, INC. AND INDIAN : PENNSYLVANIA
VALLEY GREENES, L.P. :
:
:
v. :
:
:
GRANITE STATE INSURANCE : No. 1604 EDA 2016
COMPANY AND ILLINOIS NATIONAL :
INSURANCE COMPANY :
----------------------------------------- :
QUADE CONSTRUCTION COMPANY, :
INC. :
:
:
v. :
:
:
GRANITE STATE INSURANCE :
COMPANY AND ILLINOIS NATIONAL :
INSURANCE COMPANY :
:
:
APPEAL OF: GRANITE STATE :
INSURANCE COMPANY AND :
ILLINOIS NATIONAL INSURANCE :
COMPANY :
Appeal from the Order Entered April 22, 2016
In the Court of Common Pleas of Montgomery County
Civil Division at No(s): No. 15-01708
BEFORE: PANELLA, J., SHOGAN, J., and RANSOM, J.
MEMORANDUM BY RANSOM, J.: FILED JUNE 13, 2017
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J-A06037-17
Appellant, Granite State Insurance Company, appeals from orders
entered April 22, 2016, granting Appellees’ motions for judgment on the
pleadings, and directing Appellant to provide a defense to Appellees in the
underlying action. After careful review, we quash the appeals as
interlocutory.
In May 2014, Kevin Grosse, Jr., Indian Valley Greenes, Inc., and
Indian Valley Greenes, L.P., (“Indian Valley Appellees”) filed a complaint
raising counts of declaratory judgment, breach of contract, and bad faith,
seeking declarations that Appellants were required to defend and indemnify
Appellants in underlying actions for damages filed against them by
development homeowners. In January 2015, Quade Construction Company,
Inc., (“Quade Appellee”) filed a complaint against Appellants seeking a
similar declaration. Both complaints sought reimbursement of defense costs
incurred by Appellees in the underlying actions.
Appellees, separately, filed motions for judgment on the pleadings.
Appellant also filed motions for judgment on the pleadings. The matters
were consolidated for pretrial purposes.
On April 22, 2016, the court entered four orders, which granted the
motions of Appellees Kenneth Grosse, Jr., Indian Valley Greenes, Inc.,
Indian Valley Greenes, L.P., and Quade Construction Company; denied the
motions of Appellant, Granite State Insurance Company’s Motion; and
dismissed as moot Appellees Kenneth Grosse, Jr., Indian Valley Greenes,
Inc., and Indian Valley Greenes, L.P.’s motion for summary judgment on the
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J-A06037-17
declaratory judgment count of the complaint. Essentially, the court declared
that Appellant had a duty to defend Appellees in their respective underlying
actions. The trial court did not dispose of the claims for indemnification or
bad faith. On April 28, 2016, the parties to the underlying actions
participated in mediation and settled the underlying actions.
Appellant timely appealed, and the trial court issued its opinion. 1 In
August 2016, this Court consolidated the appeals.
On appeal, Appellant raises the following issues for our review:
A. Did the trial court err, as a matter of law, in finding, contrary
to well-settled law, that the underlying claims set forth a
potentially covered “occurrence” giving rise to a duty to defend,
when the underlying claims are based on allegations of faulty
workmanship by a home builder and general contractor?
B. Did the trial court err, as a matter of law, in denying the
motions of [Appellant] for judgment on the pleadings in its favor,
and in granting judgment on the pleadings against [Appellant],
because either the pleadings establish that the damages first
manifested before the inception of the sole Granite State policy,
or at a minimum there are material unresolved issues of fact
regarding when the damages to the underlying claimants’ homes
first became manifest?
C. Did the trial court err, as a matter of law, in considering
matters not included in the pleadings on motions for judgment
on the pleadings, such as insurance policies not attached to the
pleadings and an underlying suit not included in one of the
declaratory judgment actions?
Appellant’s Brief at 6 (unnecessary capitalization omitted).
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1
The trial court did not order Appellant to file a statement of errors
complained of on appeal pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b).
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J-A06037-17
Prior to addressing the merits of Appellant’s claims, we must first
determine whether the instant appeal is properly before us, as the
appealability of an order “directly implicates the jurisdiction of the court
asked to review the order.” In re Estate of Cella, 12 A.3d 374, 377 (Pa.
Super. 2010). An appeal may be taken from “(1) a final order or an order
certified as a final order (Pa.R.A.P. 341); (2) an interlocutory order as of
right (Pa.R.A.P. 311); (3) an interlocutory order by permission (Pa.R.A.P.
312, 1311, 42 Pa.C.S.A. § 702(b)); or (4) a collateral order (Pa.R.A.P.
313).” Id. at 377.
Except as otherwise provided by the Pennsylvania Rules of Appellate
procedure, an appeal may be taken as of right from any final order of a
lower court. See Pa.R.A.P. 341(a). A final order is any order that (1)
disposes of all claims and of all parties; (2) is expressly defined as a final
order by statute; or (3) is entered as a final order pursuant to suvdivision
(c) of this rule. See Pa.R.A.P. 341(b). Subdivision (c) further provides that
when more than one claim for relief is presented in an action, the trial court
may enter as a final order as to one or more, but fewer than all of the
claims, only upon an express determination that an immediate appeal would
facilitate resolution of the entire case. See Pa.R.A.P. 341(a).
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In its Statement of Jurisdiction, Appellant claims that the trial court’s
order is final and that this Court has jurisdiction over the appeal pursuant to
42 Pa.C.S. § 742 and 42 Pa.C.S. § 7532.2
It is true that, generally, orders affirmatively or negatively declaring
the rights of a party are final and immediately appealable in declaratory
judgment actions. See Bombar v. West American Ins. Co., 932 A.2d 78,
85 (Pa. Super. 2007). “A trial court order is final and immediately
appealable pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 341(b)(2), when the court enters a
declaratory judgment order either affirmatively or negatively declaring the
rights and duties of the parties, effectively disposing of the claims presented,
even if the order does not expressly dispose of all claims or specify that the
claims were declaratory in nature.” Nat'l Cas. Co. v. Kinney, 90 A.3d 747,
754 (Pa. Super. 2014).
However, a partial adjudication does not become appealable merely
because it is cast in the form of a declaratory judgment. Bombar, 932 A.2d
at 85. Moreover,
[a]s a general rule, an order dismissing some but not all counts
of a multi-count complaint is interlocutory and not appealable.
In adhering to this policy, the courts have sought to avoid
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2
See 42 Pa.C.S. § 742 (providing this Court with exclusive appellate
jurisdiction of all appeals from final orders of the courts of common pleas);
42 Pa.C.S. § 7532 (providing that in declaratory judgment actions, the
declaratory order may be affirmative or negative and has the force and
effect of a final judgment or decree).
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piecemeal litigation. This Court has held that an appeal will not
lie from an order granting partial summary judgment.
Bolmgren v. State Farm Fire and Casualty Co., 758 A.2d 689, 690–691
(Pa. Super. 2000) (citations omitted) (quashing appeal as interlocutory as
complaint sought declaratory judgment as well as ordinary civil relief and
damages, and damages had not yet been determined).
Similarly, in the instant case, the trial court made no determination as
to liability for indemnification, a damage award for defense costs incurred, or
the remaining bad faith claim. See Trial Court Opinion, 9/30/16, at 3-4.
Accordingly, the instant appeal is interlocutory.
Appeal quashed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 6/13/2017
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