Com. v. Onzik, J.

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
JOSEPH ONZIK :
:
Appellant : No. 157 MDA 2017
Appeal from the PCRA Order December 16, 2016
In the Court of Common Pleas of Luzerne County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-40-CR-0000280-2013,
CP-40-CR-0000487-2012, CP-40-CR-0000580-2012,
CP-40-CR-0001625-2013
BEFORE: LAZARUS, J., DUBOW, J., and STRASSBURGER*, J.
MEMORANDUM BY LAZARUS, J.: FILED DECEMBER 11, 2017
Joseph Onzik appeals from the order, entered in the Court of Common
Pleas of Luzerne County, dismissing his petition filed pursuant to the Post
Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”), 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541-9546. After careful
review, we affirm.
On February 17, 2015, Onzik pleaded guilty to false identification to law
enforcement authorities, resisting arrest, criminal conspiracy to commit
burglary, and two counts each of burglary and theft by unlawful taking or
disposition.1 On June 19, 2015, the trial court sentenced Onzik to 27 to 54
months’ imprisonment on the conspiracy to commit burglary charge, 3 to 6
months’ imprisonment on the false identification charge, 6 to 12 months’
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1 18 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 4914, 5104, 903, 3502, 3921, respectively.
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* Retired Senior Judge assigned to the Superior Court.
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imprisonment on the resisting arrest charge, and 95 to 190 months’
imprisonment on the two burglary charges. His aggregate sentence amounted
to 131 to 262 months’ imprisonment. The trial court sentenced Onzik as a
repeat felony offender and imposed his sentences consecutively; his individual
sentences were all within the standard range of the sentencing guidelines.
Onzik’s sentencing counsel, Joseph Yeager, Esquire, did not file a post-
sentence motion for reconsideration of sentence or an appeal from his
judgment of sentence. On July 11, 2016, Onzik, through Coley Reynolds,
Esquire, filed the instant PCRA petition. On November 9, 2016, the PCRA
court held a hearing, after which it denied Onzik’s petition by court order dated
December 16, 2016. On January 12, 2017, Onzik timely appealed the PCRA
court’s order. Both Onzik and the trial court have complied with Pa.R.A.P.
1925. By letter dated October 3, 2017, this Court advised Onzik that the case
would be submitted on briefs without oral argument.2 Onzik raises the
following issue on appeal:
Did the PCRA court err by denying relief to Onzik, where his
sentencing counsel provided ineffective assistance by failing to file
a motion to modify sentence based on the trial judge’s having
imposed an aggregate sentence of 131-262 months’
imprisonment without regard to the presentence report, the
mitigating circumstances presented by Onzik or his rehabilitative
needs and based solely on Onzik’s criminal history?
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2 On October 25, 2017, Onzik requested that we grant oral argument in this
case. Pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 2311, “[a]ll parties shall submit post-conviction
relief cases on the briefs unless otherwise directed by the court on its own
motion or upon application.” Pa.R.A.P. 2311(b). After review of the parties’
briefs and the issue raised on appeal, we denied Onzik’s request.
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Brief of Appellant, at 3 (reworded for clarity).
PCRA petitions are subject to the following standard of review:
As a general proposition, we review a denial of PCRA relief to
determine whether the findings of the PCRA court are supported
by the record and free of legal error. A PCRA court’s credibility
findings are to be accorded great deference, and where supported
by the record, such determinations are binding on a reviewing
court. To obtain PCRA relief, appellant must plead and prove by
a preponderance of the evidence: (1) his conviction or sentence
resulted from one or more of the errors enumerated in 42 Pa.C.S.
§ 9543(a)(2); (2) his claims have not been previously litigated or
waived; and (3) the failure to litigate the issue prior to or during
trial or on direct appeal could not have been the result of any
rational, strategic or tactical decision by counsel. An issue is
previously litigated if the highest appellate court in which
appellant could have had review as a matter of right has ruled on
the merits of the issue. An issue is waived if appellant could have
raised it but failed to do so before trial, at trial, on appeal or in a
prior state postconviction proceeding.
Commonwealth v. Roane, 142 A.3d 79, 86-87 (Pa. Super. 2016) (citations,
quotations and brackets omitted) (citing Commonwealth v. Treiber, 121
A.3d 435, 444 (Pa. 2015).
“It is well-established that counsel is presumed effective, and to rebut
that presumption, the PCRA petitioner must demonstrate that counsel’s
performance was deficient and that such deficiency prejudiced him.”
Commonwealth v. Koehler, 36 A.3d 121, 132 (Pa. 2012) (citing Strickland
v. Washington, 466 U.S. 688, 687-91 (1984)). To prevail on an
ineffectiveness claim, the petitioner has the burden to prove that “(1) the
underlying substantive claim has arguable merit; (2) counsel whose
effectiveness is being challenged did not have a reasonable basis for his or
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her actions or failure to act; and (3) the petitioner suffered prejudice as a
result of counsel’s deficient performance.” Commonwealth v. Sneed, 45
A.3d 1096, 1106 (2012) (quoting Commonwealth v. Pierce, 786 A.2d 203,
213 (2001)). “A petitioner establishes prejudice when he demonstrates there
is a reasonable probability that, but for counsel’s unprofessional errors, the
result of the proceeding would have been different.” Commonwealth v.
Johnson, 966 A.2d 523, 532-33 (Pa. 2009) (quoting Strickland, 466 U.S. at
694). The failure to satisfy any one of the three prongs will cause the entire
claim to fail. Sneed, 45 A3d at 1106.
Instantly, Onzik avers he was prejudiced by his trial counsel’s failure to
file a motion for reconsideration following his sentencing. Onzik’s claim is
meritless. Issues challenging the discretionary aspects of a sentence must be
raised in a post-sentence motion or by presenting the claim to the trial court
during the sentencing proceedings; absent such efforts, an objection to the
discretionary aspect of a sentence is waived. Commonwealth v. Tirado,
870 A2d 362, 365 (Pa. Super. 2005). However, counsel cannot be found
ineffective for failing to raise a meritless claim. Commonwealth v. Rivera,
773 A.2d 131, 140 (Pa. 2001); Commonwealth v. McAfee, 849 A.2d 270,
277 (Pa. Super. 2004) (counsel was not deficient for purposes of ineffective
assistance of counsel claim, by failing to file a motion for reconsideration of
sentence of defendant to total confinement after revocation of defendant’s
probation, as claim was meritless).
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Initially, we note, Onzik’s open guilty plea did not foreclose his right to
file a motion for reconsideration. See Commonwealth v. Dalberto, 648
A.2d 16, 20 (Pa. Super. 1994) (“[W]here a plea agreement is an open one as
opposed to one for a negotiated sentence, unquestionably, after sentencing
the defendant can properly request reconsideration as the court alone decided
the sentence and no bargain for a stated term, agreed upon by the parties, is
involved.”) (citation omitted). However, all of Onzik’s individual sentences fall
within the standard range. See Commonwealth v. Moury, 992 A.2d 162,
171 (Pa. Super. 2010) (where sentence is within the standard range of
sentencing guidelines, Pennsylvania law views sentence as appropriate under
sentencing code). Further, it is within the sound discretion of the trial court
to impose consecutive, rather than concurrent, sentences. Commonwealth
v. Harvard, 64 A3d 690, 703 (Pa. Super. 2013). Had Onzik’s counsel filed a
motion for reconsideration, his individual sentences, all at the lowest end of
the standard range, would have remained the same.3 Accordingly, we cannot
deem Attorney Yeager ineffective for failing to file a meritless motion for
reconsideration of sentence. Rivera, supra; McAfee, supra.____________________________________________
3 We note that the trial court, in fashioning Onzik’s sentence, evaluated his
presentence investigation report (“PSI”). N.T. Sentencing, 11/9/16, at 2, 5-
8. Although Onzik avers the trial court fashioned his sentence based solely
on his prior criminal history, when a sentencing court has reviewed a PSI, we
presume that the court has properly considered and weighed all relevant
factors in fashioning the defendant’s sentence. Commonwealth v. Devers,
546 A.2d 12 (Pa. 1998); Commonwealth v. Baker, 72 A.3d 652 (Pa. Super.
2013).
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Moreover, the trial court found credible the testimony of Attorney Yeager
that Onzik did not request he file a motion for reconsideration of sentence.
See Roane, 142 A.3d at 87 (“A PCRA court’s credibility findings are to be
accorded great deference[.]”). At Onzik’s PCRA hearing, Attorney Yeager also
testified that he could not discern any legal basis to challenge Onzik’s
sentence. N.T. PCRA Hearing, 11/9/16, at 5 (“[Onzik and I] discussed the fact
that, you know, the sentences were all in the standard range, that they were
not an illegal sentence, that in my opinion there was no legal basis to file any
type of appeal.”). Rivera, supra; McAfee, supra. In light of the foregoing,
we do not find Attorney Yeager’s decision not to file a post-sentence motion
for reconsideration of sentence prejudiced Oznik.
Order Affirmed. Motion for oral argument denied.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 12/11/2017
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