Com. v. Gillis, T.

J-S33040-18
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
TROY GILLIS :
:
Appellant : No. 1382 EDA 2017
Appeal from the PCRA Order March 20, 2017
In the Court of Common Pleas of Philadelphia County Criminal Division at
No(s): CP-51-CR-0002924-2013
BEFORE: OTT, J., McLAUGHLIN, J., and STEVENS*, P.J.E.
MEMORANDUM BY STEVENS, P.J.E.: FILED JUNE 28, 2018
Appellant Troy Gillis appeals from the Order entered in the Court of
Common Pleas of Philadelphia County on March 20, 2017, dismissing his first
petition filed under the Post Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”).1 In addition,
appointed PCRA counsel seeks to withdraw from this appeal on the grounds
that the issues raised under the PCRA are meritless. After review, we grant
counsel's petition for leave to withdraw affirm the order denying PCRA relief.
A prior panel of this Court reiterated the relevant facts of this matter as
previously stated by the trial court as follows:
The evidence admitted at trial established that on January
28, 2013, Appellant fired a semi-automatic handgun at the
complainant, Eric Santiago, at the corner of Luzerne and Glendale
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1 42 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 9541–9546.
____________________________________
* Former Justice specially assigned to the Superior Court.
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streets. The shooting stems from an earlier disagreement between
Appellant and Mr. Santiago. Appellant sought to purchase Mr.
Santiago’s pit bull for dog fighting; however, Mr. Santiago was not
prepared to make the sale. During their conversation, Appellant
accused Mr. Santiago of using PCP and threatened him saying:
“Don’t disrespect me. I’ll bust your fucking mouth with this gun.”
Throughout their argument, Appellant manipulated the gun he
had in his pants pocket; the gun was making a clicking sound.
The interaction lasted for approximately five to ten minutes, after
which Mr. Santiago returned to his parent’s [sic] house.
While there, Mr. Santiago’s parents urged him to remain
home and not to go back out onto the street. He did not heed this
advice, and returned to Glendale Street to visit his girlfriend. As
Mr. Santiago walked, he observed Appellant standing outside in
all black clothing. Mr. Santiago laughed, and told Appellant that
he resembled Count Dracula. Afterwards, Mr. Santiago walked to
Sam’s Deli located on the corner of Luzerne and Glendale.
[Footnote 2] Appellant and his brother were calling out “where is
‘E’?” (Mr. Santiago’s nickname). Appellant and his brother
approached Mr. Santiago and were standing less than three feet
away from him. Appellant was holding a silver, semi-automatic
pistol. Appellant grabbed Mr. Santiago around the shoulder with
his left arm. As Appellant raised the gun and pointed it at Mr.
Santiago, Santiago pushed the gun down, turned, and ran in the
opposite direction. As he fled, Mr. Santiago heard a gunshot
behind him. He immediately ran to his parent’s [sic] house, where
he sought refuge.
[Footnote 2] the street address for Sam’s Deli is 1344
Luzerne Street, Philadelphia PA 19124.
Officer Maureen Burns and her partner Officer McAdams
(first name not given) of the Philadelphia Police Department
responded to a radio call for a gun shot at the corner of Luzerne
and Glendale. Upon arrival, Officer Burns observed no victims or
witnesses at the scene. She then accessed the video surveillance
system at Sam’s Deli. A review of the video depicted the shooting
taking place on the southeast corner of Luzerne and Glendale.
Officer Burns recovered a 9 millimeter fired cartridge case and
located a nearby Buick minivan with a bullet hole above the wheel
well. The owner of the vehicle was questioned and reported that
the damage was not there when he parked the vehicle earlier in
the day.
The day after the shooting, Mr. Santiago was standing
outside on Luzerne Street. Appellant rode past in a car and made
a gun gesture with his hand and said, “I’m going to kill you.” Mr.
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Santiago’s parents insisted he report the shooting, against his own
inclination. He was also being called a “snitch” and a “rat’ by
Appellant, threats Mr. Santiago took seriously as he felt such a
label endangered his life. Eventually, Mr. Santiago did report the
shooting to police and cooperated, positively identifying a
photograph of Appellant during interviews with Detective Jeffrey
Daly.
When Appellant was being taken into custody by police, he
was yelling at Mr. Santiago (who was standing across the street
on the steps of his girlfriend’s house) “You a rat; you a rat. I’m
going to blow your house up. Your girl and your kid, I’m going to
kill them and blow the house up.” Appellant then blew a kiss to
Mr. Santiago and smiled.
Additionally, there was a stipulation to the certification from
the Commissioner of the Pennsylvania State Police that on January
28, 2013 --the date of the incident—Appellant did not have a
license to carry a firearm. [Footnote 3]
[Footnote 3] Admitted a Commonwealth’s exhibit C-24.
Commonwealth v. Gillis, No. 774 EDA 2014, unpublished memorandum at
1-3 (Pa.Super. filed July 10, 2015) (citing Trial Court Opinion, filed 10/3/14,
at 2-4).
A jury trial was held September 11-12, 2013, following which Appellant
was convicted of aggravated assault—attempt to cause serious bodily injury,
and carrying a firearm without a license in violation of the Uniform Firearms
Act (“VUFA”).2 Appellant was found not guilty of attempted murder. On
February 7, 2014, Appellant was sentenced to an aggregate term of ten and
one-half (10 ½) years to twenty-five (25) years in prison.
Appellant filed a timely post-sentence motion, and the trial court denied
the same on February 18, 2014. Appellant filed a timely appeal wherein he
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2 18 Pa.C.S.A. § 2702(a)(1), 18 Pa.C.S.A. § 6106(a)(1), respectively.
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challenged the sufficiency of the evidence to sustain his convictions. This
Court denied Appellant’s appeal on July 10, 2015, and Appellant did not file a
petition for allowance of appeal with the Pennsylvania Supreme Court.
Accordingly, his judgment of sentence became final on August 9, 2015.
Appellant filed the instant, timely PCRA petition, pro se, on December
21, 2015, wherein he made numerous allegations of trial counsel’s
ineffectiveness and asserted appellate counsel had failed to file a petition for
allowance of appeal with the Pennsylvania Supreme Court against his request.
The PCRA court appointed counsel who subsequently filed a petition under
Commonwealth Turner, 544 A.2d 927 (Pa. 1988) and Commonwealth v.
Finley, 550 A.2d 213 (Pa.Super. 1988) (en banc) to withdraw from the
collateral appeal on January 24, 2017.
After providing the proper notice pursuant to Pa.R.Crim.P. 907 on
February 24, 2017, indicating the petition would be dismissed without an
evidentiary hearing, and upon reviewing Appellant’s response thereto, the
PCRA court granted counsel's petition to withdraw and dismissed Appellant's
PCRA petition without a hearing on March 20, 2017. This timely appeal
followed on April 19, 2017.
The PCRA court ordered Appellant to file a concise statement of matters
complained of on appeal pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) on May 22, 2017, and
it appointed appellate counsel on June 26, 2017. In lieu of a concise
statement, present counsel filed a statement of intent to file a brief under
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Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967) and Commonwealth v.
McClendon, 495 Pa. 467, 434 A.2d 1185 (1981) on the grounds that the
issues raised under the PCRA are meritless. On January 22, 2018, counsel
filed his Petition to Withdraw as Counsel and corresponding Anders Brief.3
Prior to addressing the merits of Appellant's claims on appeal, we must
first decide whether counsel has fulfilled the procedural requirements for
withdrawing his representation. Commonwealth v. Daniels, 947 A.2d 795,
797 (Pa.Super. 2008). This Court has listed the conditions counsel must meet
when in seeking to withdraw in a collateral appeal as follows:
Counsel petitioning to withdraw from PCRA representation must
proceed ... under [Turner, supra and Finley, supra and] ...
must review the case zealously. Turner/Finley counsel must
then submit a “no-merit” letter to the trial court, or brief on appeal
to this Court, detailing the nature and extent of counsel's diligent
review of the case, listing the issues which petitioner wants to
have reviewed, explaining why and how those issues lack merit,
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3 We note that counsel erroneously seeks to withdraw under the standard for
withdrawal which applies when counsel seeks to withdraw from a direct
appeal, instead of under the Turner/Finley, supra, standard. See
Commonwealth v. Smith, 700 A.2d 1301 (Pa.Super. 1997) (counsel seeking
to withdraw from representation on direct appeal must satisfy the Anders
requirements, whereas counsel seeking to withdraw from post-conviction
representation under the PCRA must satisfy the requirements of Turner and
Finley; Commonwealth v Wrecks, 931 A.2d 717, 721 (Pa.Super. 2007)
(counsel petitioning to withdraw from PCRA representation must proceed not
under Anders, but under Turner and Finley. However, because an Anders
brief provides greater protection to a defendant, this Court may accept a brief
in the nature of an Anders brief in lieu of a Turner/Finley “no merit” letter.
Commonwealth v. Reed, 107 A.3d 137, 139 n. 5 (Pa.Super. 2014). We will
refer to counsel's erroneously titled Anders/McClendon Brief for Appellant
as a Turner/Finley brief. Appellant has not responded to the petition to
withdraw as counsel, nor has he retained alternate counsel for this appeal.
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and requesting permission to withdraw. Counsel must also send
to the petitioner: (1) a copy of the “no merit” letter/brief; (2) a
copy of counsel's petition to withdraw; and (3) a statement
advising petitioner of the right to proceed pro se or by new
counsel.
***
[W]here counsel submits a petition and no-merit letter that ...
satisfy the technical demands of Turner/Finley, the court—trial
court or this Court—must then conduct its own review of the
merits of the case. If the court agrees with counsel that the claims
are without merit, the court will permit counsel to withdraw and
deny relief.
Commonwealth v. Doty, 48 A.3d 451, 454 (Pa.Super. 2012) (citation
omitted).
Herein, PCRA counsel indicates he communicated with Appellant
concerning the instant appeal, independently and conscientiously reviewed
the record, conducted legal research, and ultimately concluded that the appeal
is wholly frivolous. See Petition to Withdraw as Counsel, filed 1/22/18, at ¶¶
4-5. Counsel also lists in the Turner/Finley brief the issues Appellant wishes
to raise in this appeal and explains why, in his view, they are either based
upon factual inaccuracies, not supported by a preponderance of the evidence
found in the record, or are unavailing under controlling law. See
Turner/Finley brief at 26-44.
In addition, PCRA counsel has attached to his Petition to Withdraw as
Counsel a copy of the letter he sent to Appellant wherein counsel advised
Appellant of his right to proceed pro se or through privately-retained counsel.
See Exhibit “A.” Counsel also affixed a copy of his petition to withdraw and
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Turner/Finley brief to the letter. Thus, we conclude that counsel
substantially has complied with the requirements necessary to withdraw as
counsel. See Commonwealth v. Karanicolas, 836 A.2d 940, 947 (Pa.Super.
2003) (holding that substantial compliance with the requirements to withdraw
as counsel will satisfy the Turner/Finley criteria).
We now consider the issues of arguable merit PCRA counsel presents in
the Turner/Finley brief to ascertain whether they entitle Appellant to relief.
Specifically, counsel states the following:
In the pro se PCRA petition, [Appellant] raises the following
claims regarding the ineffectiveness of his trial counsel:
 Counsel failed to conduct a pretrial investigation;
 Counsel failed to review all of the discovery;
 Counsel failed to inform the jury that no gun was recovered
from [Appellant];
 Counsel failed to file a motion to suppress the surveillance
video from the exterior of Sam’s Deli because it is not
possible to clearly identify the shooter in that video;
 Counsel failed to object to the juror’s being shown that video
in response to their request to (re)view the video during
deliberations.
[Appellant] raises the following claims regarding the
ineffectiveness of his direct appellate counsel:
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 Counsel failed to file a petition for allocator in the
Pennsylvania Supreme Court.
Turner/Finley brief at 20.
We review these claims mindful of the following principles of law.
When reviewing the denial of a PCRA petition, we must determine
whether the PCRA court's order is supported by the record and
free of legal error. Generally, we are bound by a PCRA court's
credibility determinations. However, with regard to a court's legal
conclusions, we apply a de novo standard.
Commonwealth v. Johnson, 635 Pa. 665, 690, 139 A.3d 1257, 1272
(2016) (quotation marks and quotations omitted). Furthermore,
In order to be eligible for PCRA relief, the petitioner must prove
by a preponderance of the evidence that his conviction or sentence
resulted from one or more of the enumerated circumstances found
in Section 9543(a)(2), which includes the ineffective assistance of
counsel. 42 Pa.C.S.[A.] § 9543(a)(2)(i).
It is well-established that counsel is presumed effective, and to
rebut that presumption, the PCRA petitioner must demonstrate
that counsel's performance was deficient and that such deficiency
prejudiced him. To prevail on an ineffectiveness claim, the
petitioner has the burden to prove that (1) the underlying
substantive claim has arguable merit; (2) counsel whose
effectiveness is being challenged did not have a reasonable basis
for his or her actions or failure to act; and (3) the petitioner
suffered prejudice as a result of counsel's deficient performance.
The failure to satisfy any one of the prongs will cause the entire
claim to fail.
Commonwealth v. Benner, 147 A.3d 915, 919–20 (Pa.Super. 2016)
(quotation marks, quotations, and citations omitted).
We need not analyze the prongs of an ineffectiveness claim in any
particular order. Rather, we may discuss first any prong that an
appellant cannot satisfy under the prevailing law and the
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applicable facts and circumstances of the case. Finally, counsel
cannot be deemed ineffective for failing to raise a meritless claim.
Johnson, 635 Pa. at 665, 139 A.3d at 1272 (citations omitted).
Appellant initially asserts in his PCRA petition that trial counsel was
ineffective for failing to conduct a pretrial investigation and to review all
discovery; yet, Appellant fails to provide any factual or evidentiary support for
these allegations. For instance, he does not detail the manner in which trial
counsel’s pretrial investigation had been subpar or specify what type of
discovery counsel failed to review.
The Pennsylvania Supreme Court has stated, “[c]laims of ineffective
assistance of counsel are not self-proving[.]” Commonwealth v. Spotz, 587
Pa. 1, 99, 896 A.2d 1191, 1250 (2006) (citation omitted). Our Supreme Court
also repeatedly has refused to consider bald allegations of counsel’s
ineffectiveness. See Commonwealth v. Thomas, 560 Pa. 249, 256, 744
A.2d 713, 716 (2000) (declining to find counsel ineffective “where appellant
fail[ed] to allege with specificity sufficient facts in support of his claim.”).
In addition, as PCRA counsel states in the Turner/Finley brief, the
record reveals trial counsel was aware of items of discovery that had been
produced prior to trial. For example, trial counsel indicated he could not
review the 911 calls until the day before trial because the Commonwealth had
failed to provide the evidence to the defense until that time. Counsel
requested that the calls be excluded from the Commonwealth’s evidence at
trial, and the trial court granted counsel’s request due to the untimely
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disclosure of the evidence. N.T. Trial, 9/11/13, at 4-11. Thus, because
Appellant has failed to make sufficiently specific allegations of prejudice and
the record belies his vague claims, he is not entitled to PCRA relief on his first
two issues.4
Appellant next maintains counsel was ineffective for failing to inform the
jury that Appellant did not possess a firearm at the time he was apprehended.
As PCRA counsel observes in the Turner/Finely brief, a review of the record
proves otherwise. During closing argument, trial counsel stressed to the jury
that a police search of two homes associated with Appellant did not reveal a
firearm. Counsel argued the inability of the police to find the gun, “the most
obvious piece of corroboration here from the search warrants” pointed to his
innocence. N.T. Trial, 9/12/13, at 33-35, 42. The prosecutor reacted to this
theory in her own closing argument saying, “Just because they got into his
house, and the gun wasn’t there in his house five days after the shooting
doesn’t mean there isn’t corroboration in this case.” Id. at 56. Thus, this
issue lacks merit.
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4 It is noteworthy that prior to closing arguments and outside the presence of
the jury, the trial court questioned Appellant regarding his decision not to
testify in his own defense. At that time, the court inquired as to whether
Appellant had been satisfied with trial counsel’s efforts. Appellant indicated he
had fully discussed his case with trial counsel and was satisfied with counsel’s
representation. N.T. Trial, 9/12/13, at 7-8.
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In his fourth claim, Appellant asserts trial counsel was ineffective for
failing to file a motion to suppress surveillance video footage of the shooting
obtained from a camera positioned outside of Sam’s Deli because the
perpetrator could not be identified therefrom. When considering this alleged
error we are mindful that the failure to file a suppression motion under some
circumstances may be evidence of ineffectiveness assistance of counsel.
However, if the grounds underpinning that motion are without merit,
counsel will not be deemed ineffective for failing to file the same. A defendant
first must establish that counsel had no reasonable basis for failing to pursue
the suppression claim and that, if the evidence had been suppressed, there is
a reasonable probability that the verdict would have been more favorable to
him or her. Commonwealth v. Watley, 153 A.3d 1034, 1044 (Pa.Super.
2016), appeal denied, ___ Pa. ____, 169 A.3d 574 (2017).
Appellant provides no authority for his position that the surveillance
video, which was maintained by a private business and provided to police by
the proprietor, should have been suppressed; he likewise has failed to allege
that if it were, the verdict would have been more favorable to him. To the
contrary, as a panel of this Court previously held, the surveillance tape “shows
[A]ppellant pointing the gun in Santiago’s direction when he fired.”
Commonwealth v. Gillis, No. 774 EDA 2014, unpublished memorandum at
8 (Pa.Super. filed July 10, 2015). Relevant evidence is defined as “evidence
having any tendency to make the existence of any fact ... more probable or
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less probable....” Pa.R.E. 401. As such, the video was relevant, admissible
evidence and it was for the jury as fact finder to consider the images depicted
thereon. Under these circumstances, a motion to suppress the video evidence
was not viable, and counsel cannot be deemed ineffective for failing to file a
meritless motion to suppress that evidence. See Watley, supra.
Appellant further challenges trial counsel’s effectiveness for failing to
object when the jury asked a second time to view the surveillance video during
deliberations. When the jury initially requested an opportunity to view the
video of the incident, counsel promptly objected and asked the trial court to
instruct jurors to rely on their own recollection based upon the evidence that
had been presented in the Commonwealth’s case in chief. N.T. Trial, 9/12/13,
at 86. The trial court overruled counsel’s objection and permitted the jury to
view the evidence in the courtroom after which the jury was dismissed to
resume its deliberations a few minutes later. Id. at 87.
When the jury asked a second time to view the video, trial counsel
renewed his objection, and the following exchange occurred:
Defense counsel: Your Honor, just to make it clear, I have
the same position with this viewing as with the first one, which is
that I think they should rely on their recollection. But, obviously,
since your Honor ruled on it the first time—
THE COURT: Yes. It’s preserved, and it’s noted for the
record. That’s not an issue. I want to make sure that it is on the
record.
Defense counsel: I just didn’t want it to seem like I was
waiving it.
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THE COURT: Right. Exactly.
N.T. Trial 9/12/13, at 91. Thus, Appellant’s assertion to the contrary, the
record clearly shows trial counsel objected to the multiple viewings of the
surveillance video during jury deliberations. Accordingly, Appellant is not
entitled to relief on his fifth claim of trial counsel’s ineffectiveness.
Finally, Appellant asserts direct appeal counsel was ineffective for failing
to file his requested appeal with the Pennsylvania Supreme Court. In
considering this claim, we are mindful that, generally, a defendant has a rule
based right to effective counsel throughout his direct appeal. Pa.R.Crim.P.
122(B)(2); Commonwealth v. Liebel, 573 Pa. 375, 381, 825 A.2d 630, 633
(2003).
While an appeal to the Supreme Court is a matter of judicial discretion
and not a matter of right, see Pa.R.A.P. 1114(a), a defendant can establish
prejudice for counsel’s failure to seek allowance of appeal in certain
circumstances, for after this Court renders a decision, a defendant has a right
to effective consultation regarding the filing of a petition for allowance of
appeal with the Pennsylvania Supreme Court and failure to receive said
consultation would result in prejudice. See Commonwealth v. Gadsden,
832 A.2d 1082, 1088 (Pa.Super. 2003). Additionally, if a defendant requests
counsel to file a petition for allowance of appeal on his behalf, he or she has
a right to effective representation, and it is per se ineffective assistance for
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counsel to fail to file that petition. See Commonwealth v. Reed, 601 Pa.
257, 272-73, 971 A.2d 1216, 1225 (2009).
Where the record is devoid of a defendant's request for review before
our Supreme Court, he still may have a cognizable claim under the PCRA if he
proves any issues he sought to take to the Supreme Court “rose ‘above
frivolity.’” Commonwealth v. Rigg, 84 A.3d 1080, 1088 (Pa.Super. 2014)
(quoting Commonwealth v. Bath, 907 A.2d 619, 624 (Pa.Super. 2006));
see also Gadsden, 832 A.2d at 1085–86 (citing Commonwealth v. Liebel,
825 A.2d 630 (Pa. 2003)). Relevant to our analysis herein, in Bath, we stated
that:
Where no request [to file a petition for allowance of appeal]
has been made, an appellant must establish that a duty to consult
was owed. Under Roe and [Commonwealth v.] Touw, [781
A.2d 1250 (Pa.Super. 2001)] an appellant may establish a duty to
consult by indicating issues that had any potential merit for further
review. See Roe, 528 U.S. at 480, 120 S.Ct. 1029; Touw, 781
A.2d at 1254. This does not require appellant to demonstrate that
the Supreme Court would likely grant review to a petition for
allowance of appeal, but only that appellant must show that any
issue rises above frivolity. Bath has not even attempted this
minimal undertaking. Bath challenged the sufficiency of the
evidence on direct appeal and several other issues that were
deemed waived for failure to preserve them at trial. Appealing
such issues further appears manifestly frivolous. It was incumbent
upon Bath to demonstrate to this Court why that was not the case.
Bath has offered no argument in support of any of the issues
raised on direct appeal. Therefore, we find that Bath has not met
his burden of showing how he was prejudiced by counsel's failure
to consult with him regarding a petition for allowance of appeal.
In the absence of prejudice, we cannot find that counsel was
ineffective. See Commonwealth v. Mallory, 888 A.2d 854, 862
(Pa.Super.2005).
Commonwealth v. Bath, 907 A.2d 619, 623–24 (Pa.Super. 2006).
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Herein, other than his bald allegation, the record lacks any evidence that
Appellant asked direct appeal counsel to file a petition for allowance of appeal
with the Pennsylvania Supreme Court; therefore, Appellant must establish
that a duty to consult was owed. However, Appellant neither states what
issue(s) he would have sought to pursue nor attempts to prove any claim
would have risen above frivolity. Specifically, Appellant never suggests how
his challenge to the sufficiency of the evidence to support his conviction of
aggravated assault which he presented and this Court found lacked merit on
direct appeal would not be considered frivolous upon further appeal. See
Bath; see also Commonwealth v. Rigg, 84 A.3d at 1088-90 (applying
Commonwealth v. Ellison 851 A.2d 977 (Pa.Super. 2004) and determining
counsel was not ineffective in electing not to file requested PAA, where sole
direct appeal issue was frivolous).
As such, we find Appellant has failed to meet the prejudice prong of the
test for ineffective assistance of counsel for his failure to how his sufficiency
of the evidence challenge would rise above mere frivolity upon further review.
Accordingly, we cannot find that counsel was ineffective.
Furthermore, our own review of the case to consider whether the PCRA
court erred in dismissing Appellant’s petition reveals no non-frivolous issues
of arguable merit. We, therefore, grant counsel’s Petition to Withdraw and
affirm the PCRA court’s order dismissing Appellant’s petition.
Petition to Withdraw as Counsel granted. Order affirmed.
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Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 6/28/18
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