Com. v. Drake, D.

J-S44041-14
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
PENNSYLVANIA
Appellee
v.
DEANTE DRAKE
Appellant No. 420 WDA 2014
Appeal from the PCRA Order January 14, 2014
In the Court of Common Pleas of Allegheny County
Criminal Division at No(s): CP-02-CR-0011923-1993
BEFORE: BENDER, P.J.E., LAZARUS, J., and OTT, J.
MEMORANDUM BY OTT, J.: FILED NOVEMBER 21, 2014
Deante Drake appeals, pro se, from the order entered January 14,
2014, in the Allegheny County Court of Common Pleas dismissing his second
petition filed pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (PCRA), 42 Pa.C.S. §
9541 et seq. Drake seeks relief from the judgment of sentence of four and
one-half to 10 years’ imprisonment, followed by four years’ probation,
imposed on May 4, 1995, after Drake entered a guilty plea to charges of
possession with intent to deliver (PWID) cocaine, possession of marijuana,
and criminal conspiracy.1 On appeal, Drake contends plea counsel provided
him with “improper information” concerning the sentencing range of crimes
for which he pled guilty, in violation of Alleyne v. United States, 133 S.Ct.
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1
35 P.S. §§ 780-113(a)(30) and (a)(16), and 18 Pa.C.S. § 903,
respectively.
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2151 (U.S. 2013). Drake’s Brief at 4. For the reasons set forth below, we
affirm.
On August 27, 1993, Drake was arrested and charged with PWID
cocaine, possession of marijuana and criminal conspiracy. On May 4, 1995,
he entered a negotiated guilty plea to all three charges. Pursuant to the
terms of the plea agreement, the trial court sentenced him, that same day,
to four and one-half to 10 years’ imprisonment for PWID and four years’
consecutive probation for criminal conspiracy. No further penalty was
imposed on the possession charge. The trial court specifically directed that
Drake’s sentence would run concurrently with a sentence he was then
serving in Washington County. See N.T., 5/4/1995, at 11-12. Further, the
court stated the effective date of sentencing would be the date of his arrest,
August 27, 1993, so that he would receive credit for time-served since that
time. See id. at 12. No direct appeal was filed.
Approximately 16 years later, on June 27, 2011, Drake filed a pro se
document entitled “Petition to Withdraw Sufficient Facts,” claiming his plea
counsel did not properly inform him of his constitutional rights prior to the
entry of his guilty plea.2 Affidavit in Support of Petition to Withdraw
Sufficient Facts, 6/27/2011, at ¶ 9. The PCRA court treated the petition as a
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2
As we will discuss infra, Drake’s sentence for the guilty plea charges
expired in August of 2007.
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first request for PCRA relief, and appointed counsel, who on January 5,
2012, filed a petition to withdraw and accompanying Turner/Finley3 “no-
merit” letter. On January 9, 2012, the PCRA court granted counsel’s petition
to withdraw. Thereafter, following proper Rule 9074 notice, the PCRA court
dismissed Drake’s petition as untimely filed on March 30, 2012. No appeal
was filed.
Nearly two years later, on January 14, 2014, Drake filed a pro se
motion seeking leave to supplement and/or reconsider his prior PCRA
petition. Relying on the United States Supreme Court’s recent decision in
Alleyne, supra,5 Drake asserted that plea counsel “failed to provide him
with the proper information concerning the sentencing range of the crime(s)
that he actually pled guilty to[.]” Memorandum of Law, 1/14/2014, at 7.
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3
Commonwealth v. Turner, 544 A.2d 927 (Pa. 1988), and
Commonwealth v. Finley, 550 A.2d 213 (Pa. Super. 1988) (en banc).
4
Pa.R.Crim.P. 907.
5
In Alleyne, supra, the United States Supreme Court expanded upon its
decision in Apprendi v. New Jersey, 530 U.S. 466 (2000), holding that
“[a]ny fact that, by law, increases the penalty for a crime is an ‘element’
that must be submitted to the jury and found beyond a reasonable doubt.”
Alleyne, supra, 133 S.Ct. at 2155.
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On January 21, 2014, the trial court entered an order denying Drake’s
motion.6 This appeal followed.7
In his pro se brief, Drake argues plea counsel provided him with
“misadvice” regarding the sentencing range of the crimes for which he was
pleading guilty, and, specifically, did not inform him, pursuant to Alleyne,
that he was entitled to have “a jury determine the identity of the controlled
substance beyond a reasonable doubt.” Drake’s Brief at 8. Moreover, he
argues that his improper sentence in the case sub judice “is currently being
used in the United States District Court for the Northern District of West
Virginia, to enhance [a federal] sentence.”8 Drake’s Brief at 5.
When reviewing an order dismissing a PCRA petition, we must
determine whether the ruling of the PCRA court is supported by record
evidence and is free of legal error. Commonwealth v. Burkett, 5 A.3d
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6
We note that the trial court did not provide Drake with the requisite Rule
907 notice before denying his most recent petition. Nevertheless, “our
Supreme Court has held that where the PCRA petition is untimely, the failure
to provide such notice is not reversible error.” Commonwealth v. Lawson,
90 A.3d 1, 5 (Pa. Super. 2014). We conclude the same reasoning applies
here, where the present petition is Drake’s second attempt at collateral
relief, and he is no longer serving the sentence he is challenging. See infra.
7
The PCRA court did not order Drake to file a concise statement of errors
complained of on appeal pursuant to Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b).
8
Drake does not specify how his sentence in the case sub judice is being
used to “enhance his sentence” in the federal case. See Drake’s Brief at 5.
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1260, 1267 (Pa. Super. 2010). “Great deference is granted to the findings
of the PCRA court, and these findings will not be disturbed unless they have
no support in the certified record.” Commonwealth v. Carter, 21 A.3d
680, 682 (Pa. Super. 2011) (citation omitted).
Here, the PCRA court dismissed Drake’s petition as untimely filed.
While we agree the petition was untimely filed pursuant to 42 Pa.C.S. §
9545(b)(1), we conclude that Drake has, initially, failed to plead and prove
that he is eligible for relief pursuant to 42 Pa.C.S. 9543(a)(1), which
provides, in pertinent part, as follows:
(a) General rule.--To be eligible for relief under this
subchapter, the petitioner must plead and prove by a
preponderance of the evidence all of the following:
(1) That the petitioner has been convicted of a crime under
the laws of this Commonwealth and is at the time relief
is granted:
(i) currently serving a sentence of
imprisonment, probation or parole for the
crime;
(ii) awaiting execution of a sentence of death for
the crime; or
(iii) serving a sentence which must expire before
the person may commence serving the disputed
sentence.
42 Pa.C.S. § 9543(a)(1)(i)-(iii) (emphasis supplied). In the present case,
Drake has failed to demonstrate that he is still serving a sentence for the
conviction which he is appealing.
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As previously stated, on May 4, 1995, Drake was sentenced to a term
of four and one-half to 10 years’ imprisonment, followed by a consecutive
four years’ probation. The trial court directed the sentence run concurrently
with another sentence Drake was then serving, and that the sentence would
be effective as of the date of his arrest, August 27, 1993. Accordingly, his
sentence in the present matter would have expired in August of 2007, six
and one-half years before the instant petition was filed. Therefore, Drake is
not entitled to PCRA relief. See Commonwealth v. Price, 876 A.2d 988,
994 (Pa. Super. 2005) (“[I]f the court’s decision is correct, we can affirm on
any ground.”) (quotation omitted), appeal denied, 897 A.2d 1184 (Pa.
2006), and cert. denied, 549 U.S. 902 (2006).
In his reply brief, however, Drake argues that, even if we find he is not
entitled to relief under the PCRA, we should consider his petition a writ of
coram nobis. While Drake acknowledges that the PCRA encompasses all
common law remedies such as habeas corpus and coram nobis,9 he asserts
the PCRA did not completely abrogate the common law writ of coram nobis.
Therefore, he argues, the trial court should have evaluated “whether or not
Alleyne … is retroactively applicable.” Drake’s Reply Brief at 3.
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9
42 Pa.C.S. § 9542.
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The writ of coram nobis “provides a way to collaterally attack a
criminal conviction for a person ... who is no longer ‘in custody’ and
therefore cannot seek habeas relief....” Commonwealth v. Descardes,
___ A.3d ___, 2014 Pa. Super. 210, *3 (Sept. 23, 2014) (en banc), quoting
Chaidez v. United States, 133 S. Ct. 1103, 1106 n.1 (U.S. 2013). In
Descardes, the petitioner, a Haitian national with resident alien status, pled
guilty to insurance fraud and served a probationary sentence. After his
sentence was complete, the petitioner left the United States, and was later
denied re-entry based upon his felony conviction. Id. at *1. He filed a
petition for writ of coram nobis, arguing that, pursuant to Padilla v.
Kentucky, 559 U.S. 356 (U.S. 2010),10 his plea counsel was ineffective for
failing to advise him of “the mandatory collateral consequence of
deportation.” Id. The trial court treated the filing as a PCRA petition, and
granted him relief. On appeal, the en banc court reversed, concluding the
petitioner could seek relief through a writ of coram nobis when he was
denied re-entry into the United States due to his felony conviction.
First, the Court determined that coram nobis review should be
available to the petitioner because he was “no longer in custody,” and,
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10
In Padilla, the United States Supreme Court held that plea counsel has an
affirmative duty to inform his or her client whether the “plea carries a risk of
deportation.” Padilla, supra, 559 U.S. at 374.
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therefore, not eligible for PCRA relief, “but he [still] continue[d] to suffer the
serious consequences of his deportation because of his state conviction.”
Id. at *3. However, the Court held that the petitioner was ultimately not
entitled to relief since the decision in Padilla was determined to have no
retroactive effect. Id. at *4, citing Chaidez, supra.
In the present case, we need not decide whether the writ of coram
nobis is available as an avenue of relief for Drake since the United States
Supreme Court has not held that Alleyne has retroactive effect. See
United States v. Reyes, 755 F.3d 210, 213 (3d Cir. 2014) (“[T]he decision
to make Alleyne retroactive rests exclusively with the Supreme Court,
which has not chosen to do so.”). See also Commonwealth v. Miller, ___
A.3d ___, 2014 Pa. Super. 214, *5 (Pa. Super. 2014) (“Even assuming that
Alleyne did announce a new constitutional rights, neither our Supreme
Court, nor the United States Supreme Court has held that Alleyne is to be
applied retroactively to cases in which the judgment of sentence had become
final.”).
Therefore, because we conclude that Drake is not entitled to relief
under the PCRA, or upon petition for writ of coram nobis, we affirm the order
of the PCRA court.
Order affirmed.
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Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 11/21/2014
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