Com. v. Shockley, J.

J-S04024-14
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA, : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
Appellee :
:
v. :
:
JERMAINE SHOCKLEY, :
:
Appellant : No. 1042 EDA 2013
Appeal from the PCRA Order Entered March 5, 2013,
In the Court of Common Pleas of Delaware County,
Criminal Division, at No. CP-23-CR-0008078-2007.
BEFORE: BENDER, P.J., SHOGAN and FITZGERALD*, JJ.
MEMORANDUM BY SHOGAN, J.: FILED DECEMBER 17, 2014
Appellant, Jermaine Shockley, appeals from the order denying his
petition for relief filed pursuant to the Post Conviction Relief Act (“PCRA”),
42 Pa.C.S. §§ 9541-9546. In addition, counsel has filed an application
seeking to withdraw. We grant counsel’s application to withdraw and affirm
the order of the PCRA court.
The trial court summarized the facts of this case as follows:
Ronald Carter was selling drugs at 10th and Potter Street in
the early morning hours of February 2, 2006. [Appellant] and
[his brother, Michael Shockley (“Michael”)] were selling drugs at
the same corner and carrying guns. After midnight, [Hooks, a
rival drug dealer,] arrived and said to [Appellant] and [Michael]
that “it was all over … that they ain’t going to hustle out there….”
Hooks intended this to mean that the corner at 10th and Potter
Streets was his sales territory, [Appellant’s] and [Michael’s]
*Former Justice specially assigned to the Superior Court.
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“shift” for selling drugs had ended, and it was now his (Hooks’)
“shift.” [Appellant] and [Michael] argued with Hooks but then
left the scene to smoke PCP in a nearby house. Hooks entered
another house.
Sensing danger, Carter walked away toward his house.
Subsequently, when Hooks emerged from the house, Carter saw
[Appellant] and [Michael] shooting at Hooks while Hooks
attempted to run away. Hooks ran into an alley and fell, but
[Appellant] stood almost directly over him and continued
shooting even as Hooks cried: “You all going to kill me now?”
Hooks’ aunt, Kathleen Davis, saw [Appellant] and another
man standing over Hooks and shooting him multiple times. She
then saw [Appellant] and the other man (whom she later learned
was [Michael]) run away from the crime scene.
A third witness, Victoria Brown, testified that on the night
of the shooting, she was talking to Hooks at 10th and Potter
Streets when [Appellant] and [Michael] said “something
disrespectful” to her. Hooks told [Appellant] and [Michael] that
“it wasn’t nice to talk to an adult like that….” Brown turned the
corner and heard gunshots moments later. She then saw Hooks
lying on the ground. Brown later picked [Appellant] out of photo
arrays as an individual involved in Hooks’ homicide.
After the shooting, [Appellant] told Carter that Hooks
“deserved it. He was a rat.” Carter did not tell the police about
any of these events for “quite a few months” due to fear that he
would suffer the same fate as Hooks if he talked.
Raymond Holmes testified that [Appellant] told him that
the following took place: on the night of the murder, he
[Appellant] and [Michael] were smoking PCP with another male,
Assad, and two women. [Appellant] told the others that “they
were going to show them who the real [expletive] were in the
neighborhood, who the real gangsters were…. He said, you
know, they were basically hyping themselves up.” Assad gave
[Appellant] a .45 automatic handgun and showed [Appellant]
that there was a live round in its chamber. [Appellant] put the
gun in his pants and went outside with [Michael]. Hooks was
outside on 10th Street. [Appellant] and [Michael] ran towards
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Hooks and started shooting. [Appellant] admitted that while
Hooks was lying on the ground, he walked up and shot him two
more times. [Appellant, Michael,] and Assad drove to Aston.
During the trip, [Appellant] brandished this gun and threatened
to kill Assad, but [Michael] talked him out of it[,] and Assad
promised not to tell about Hooks’ murder. [Appellant] later
drove past the scene of the crime, exultant about his deed:
“[W]hen they rolled past, they rolled past a memorial,
and…there was people outside with teddy bears or whatever,
and it was marked off. And [Appellant] said he was just laid
back in the car, like—relishing it. Like, yeah, I did that. That’s
my work.” He then visited a female cousin, who embraced him
and said “yeah, I heard about what you did, and yeah, you got
that [expletive], and you put work in. Yeah, my little cousin, the
[gangster]….” Subsequently, when Carter testified against
[Appellant] at a preliminary hearing, [Appellant] asked Holmes
to “lie for [Appellant] and give a statement to [Appellant’s]
lawyer that Ron [Carter] told [Holmes] that he never saw what
happened.” Holmes gave this statement to a defense
investigator but later decided to disclose [Appellant’s]
confession.
The Commonwealth’s forensic pathologist, Frederic
Hellman, M.D., testified that Hooks died from multiple gunshot
wounds, and that the manner of death was homicide.
Trial Court Opinion, 11/24/09, at 2-5 (citations to record omitted).
On June 12, 2009, a jury convicted Appellant of first-degree murder
and a firearms violation. On July 27, 2009, the trial court sentenced
Appellant to serve a term of life in prison without parole for the first-degree
murder conviction and a concurrent term of incarceration of three and one-
half to seven years for the firearms violation. We affirmed Appellant’s
judgment of sentence, and, on August 8, 2011, our Supreme Court denied
Appellant’s petition for allowance of appeal. Commonwealth v. Shockley,
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11 A.3d 1016 (Pa. Super. 2010) (unpublished memorandum), appeal
denied, 26 A.3d 483 (Pa. 2011).
Subsequently, on May 17, 2012, Appellant filed a timely pro se PCRA
petition. The PCRA court appointed PCRA counsel on May 21, 2012. An
amended PCRA petition was filed by PCRA counsel on January 4, 2013. 1 On
March 5, 2013, the PCRA court entered an order dismissing Appellant’s PCRA
petition. Although PCRA counsel did not move to withdraw his appearance,
the March 5, 2013 order of the PCRA court also stated the following, sua
sponte:
2. The appearance of Scott Galloway, Esquire, as counsel for
[Appellant] is withdrawn upon entry of this Order.
Order, 3/5/13, at 1. Thereafter, Appellant filed a timely pro se notice of
appeal.
1
As this court explained in Commonwealth v. Markowitz, 32 A.3d 706(Pa. Super. 2011):
Amended petitions are required on first-time PCRA cases,
Commonwealth v. Tedford, 566 Pa. 457, 781 A.2d 1167,
1171 (Pa. 2001), and the PCRA court is only permitted to
address issues raised in a counseled petition. See
Commonwealth v. Pursell, 555 Pa. 233, 724 A.2d 293, 302
(Pa. 1999) (“We will not require courts considering PCRA
petitions to struggle through the pro se filings of defendants
when qualified counsel represent those defendants.”); see also
Commonwealth v. Jette, 23 A.3d 1032 (Pa. 2011) (discussing
bar against hybrid representation during PCRA review).
Markowitz, 32 A.3d at 713 n.5.
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On April 8, 2014, this Court filed a memorandum decision remanding
this matter to the PCRA court for appointment of counsel to handle
Appellant’s PCRA appeal. In addition, this Court directed that appointed
counsel was to file a Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) statement and that the PCRA court
was to prepare a Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a) opinion.
On April 14, 2014, the PCRA court reappointed Scott Galloway to serve
as counsel for Appellant. Appointed counsel filed a Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b)
statement on June 18, 2014. The PCRA court then issued its Pa.R.A.P.
1925(a) opinion on June 25, 2014.
On August 22, 2014, PCRA counsel filed a motion to withdraw as
counsel; he also filed with this Court a sufficient Turner/Finley2 document.3
When counsel seeks to withdraw representation in a collateral appeal, the
following conditions must be met:
2
Commonwealth v. Turner, 544 A.2d 927 (Pa. 1988); Commonwealth
v. Finley, 550 A.2d 213 (Pa. Super. 1988) (en banc).
3
We note with disapproval the fact that counsel for Appellant includes in the
Turner/Finley letter a discussion pertaining to the timeliness of the instant
PCRA petition and concludes that the PCRA petition was not timely filed.
Likewise, the Commonwealth’s appellate brief to this Court contains a
discussion addressing the timeliness of the instant PCRA petition. We
presume PCRA counsel and the Commonwealth were confused as to the
timing of when Appellant’s judgment of sentence became final and the actual
filing of the instant PCRA petition. However, as previously stated, the
instant PCRA petition was timely filed. This confusion on the part of PCRA
counsel has not hindered our review, nor altered our ultimate decision that
the issue preserved in the amended PCRA petition, and raised in the
Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) statement lacks merit.
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1) As part of an application to withdraw as counsel, PCRA
counsel must attach to the application a “no-merit” letter[;]
2) PCRA counsel must, in the “no-merit” letter, list each claim
the petitioner wishes to have reviewed, and detail the nature
and extent of counsel’s review of the merits of each of those
claims[;]
3) PCRA counsel must set forth in the “no-merit” letter an
explanation of why the petitioner’s issues are meritless[;]
4) PCRA counsel must contemporaneously forward to the
petitioner a copy of the application to withdraw, which must
include (i) a copy of both the “no-merit” letter, and (ii) a
statement advising the PCRA petitioner that, in the event the
trial court grants the application of counsel to withdraw, the
petitioner has the right to proceed pro se, or with the assistance
of privately retained counsel;
5) The court must conduct its own independent review of the
record in light of the PCRA petition and the issues set forth
therein, as well as of the contents of the petition of PCRA
counsel to withdraw; and
6) The court must agree with counsel that the petition is
meritless.
Commonwealth v. Daniels, 947 A.2d 795, 798 (Pa. Super. 2008) (internal
punctuation marks omitted) (citing Commonwealth v. Friend, 896 A.2d
607, 615 (Pa. Super. 2006)).
In the present case, counsel has complied with the requirements for
withdrawal from a collateral appeal. In the motion filed with this Court,
counsel alleged that he has reviewed the case, evaluated the issues, and
concluded that, as expressed in the no merit letter, the appeal lacks merit.
Counsel has also listed the issue relevant to this appeal, and explained why,
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in his opinion, it is without merit. In addition, counsel has averred that he
has sent to Appellant a copy of his motion to withdraw and the no merit
letter, which advises Appellant of his right to proceed pro se or through
privately retained counsel. Thus, we will allow counsel to withdraw if, after
our review, we conclude that the issue relevant to this appeal lacks merit.
We have discerned the following issue, which was presented by PCRA
counsel on behalf of Appellant in the Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) statement:
1. Was the [PCRA] Court in error for dismissing
[Appellant’s Amended P[PCRA] Petition in that he was sixteen
(16) years of age when committing the offense to which he was
convicted (First Degree Murder) pursuant to Miller v. Alabama?
Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) Statement, 6/18/14, at 1. In support of this issue on
appeal, Appellant purports to argue that the United State Supreme Court’s
holding in Miller v. Alabama, ___ U.S. ___, 132 S.Ct. 2455 (2012),
wherein it held a mandatory sentence of life without the possibility of parole
imposed on a juvenile convicted of a homicide offense is unconstitutional,
rendered Appellant’s sentence unconstitutional because Appellant was
sixteen years old, and thus a minor at the time of his offense.
Our standard of review of an order denying PCRA relief is whether the
record supports the PCRA court’s determination and whether the PCRA
court’s determination is free of legal error. Commonwealth v. Phillips, 31
A.3d 317, 319 (Pa. Super. 2011) (citing Commonwealth v. Berry, 877
A.2d 479, 482 (Pa. Super. 2005)). The PCRA court’s findings will not be
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disturbed unless there is no support for the findings in the certified record.
Id. (citing Commonwealth v. Carr, 768 A.2d 1164, 1166 (Pa. Super.
2001)).
In Miller, the United States Supreme Court held that sentencing a
juvenile convicted of a homicide offense to mandatory life imprisonment
without parole violates the Eighth Amendment’s prohibition against cruel and
unusual punishment. Accordingly, such sentences cannot be imposed unless
a judge or jury first considers mitigating circumstances. Miller, 132 S.Ct. at
2475.4 However, the Pennsylvania Supreme Court determined that Miller
does not apply retroactively to an inmate, convicted as a juvenile, who is
serving a sentence of life imprisonment without the possibility of parole and
who has exhausted his direct appeal rights and is proceeding under the
PCRA. Commonwealth v. Cunningham, 81 A.3d 1, 11 (Pa. 2013).
Furthermore, we observe that on June 9, 2014, the United States Supreme
Court declined to grant certiorari in Cunningham. Cunningham v.
Pennsylvania, ___ U.S. ___, 134 S.Ct. 2724 (2014). Thus, the
Pennsylvania Supreme Court’s decision in Cunningham is final and binding.
Accordingly, although Appellant was sixteen years old at the time he
4
We observe that on October 15, 2012, effective immediately, the
Pennsylvania Legislature amended 18 Pa.C.S. § 1102(a)(1) (first-degree
murder) and (b) (second-degree murder), to provide sentencing standards
for juvenile offenders convicted of first- and second-degree murder after
June 24, 2012, so as to comply with Miller.
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committed the underlying murder, Miller is inapplicable as it does not apply
retroactively to Appellant’s PCRA petition. Appellant is not entitled to relief
on this issue. Cunningham.
In summary, it is our determination that Appellant failed to present an
issue warranting relief. Also, having determined after independent review of
the record that the issue raised does not support a grant for relief, we allow
counsel to withdraw.
Motion to withdraw granted. Order affirmed. Jurisdiction relinquished.
Justice Fitzgerald joins this Memorandum.
Judge Bender files a Concurring Memorandum in which Justice
Fitzgerald joins.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 12/17/2014
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