In the Int. of: Q.H., a Minor Appeal of: Q.H.

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
IN THE INTEREST OF: Q. H. , A MINOR IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
PENNSYLVANIA
APPEAL OF: Q. H., A MINOR
No. 2043 MDA 2014
Appeal from the Dispositional Order dated August 21, 2014
In the Court of Common Pleas of York County
Juvenile Division at No: CP-67-JV-0000275-2014
BEFORE: WECHT, STABILE, and MUSMANNO, JJ.
MEMORANDUM BY STABILE, J.: FILED SEPTEMBER 09, 2015
Appellant Q.H. appeals from the August 21, 2014 dispositional order of
the Court of Common Pleas of York County (juvenile court), following his
delinquency adjudication for, inter alia, driving without a license and fleeing
or attempting to elude a police officer.1 Upon review, we affirm in part and
reverse in part.
The facts and procedural history underlying this case are undisputed.
On June 9, 2014, a juvenile petition was filed against Appellant, alleging that
Appellant committed the foregoing offenses on August 2, 2013. On August
6, 2014, the juvenile court conducted an adjudicatory hearing, at which the
Commonwealth presented the testimony of Officer Ed Pague, Northern York
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1
75 Pa.C.S.A. §§ 1501(a) and 3733(a).
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County Regional Police Department. Officer Pague testified that on August
2, 2013, while in a marked police cruiser, he observed two dirt bikes
traveling on Route 30 West at a high-rate of speed. N.T. Hearing, 8/6/14, at
4-5. He activated the emergency lights and initiated pursuit. Id. Officer
Pague testified that the riders eventually proceeded north on Interstate 83
during heavy traffic. Id. He relayed that, during the pursuit, the riders
neither stopped nor yielded, passing other vehicles in an unsafe manner.
Id. at 5. Officer Pague testified that eventually the pursuit progressed onto
less crowded roads, where one of the riders either crashed or dropped the
dirt bike and fled. Id. at 6.
As Officer Pague’s backup approached from a distance, he continued to
chase the other rider, later identified as Appellant. Id. Officer Pague
testified that he managed to come within “a couple feet” of the other rider
and observed that the rider was a white male. Id. Specifically, Officer
Pague testified that “[t]here were multiple times where I would be either
almost beside him or extremely close to him as he would look back to see if
it was safe to get in the left lane.” Id. Officer Pague testified that the
pursuit concluded shortly after he allowed the rider onto the left lane to
avoid what Officer Pague believed was going to be an impending accident.
Id. at 7. He testified:
At that time if I wouldn’t have slowed down I think the [rider]
would have, one, made a left and hit me or ran into Officer
Ryman. So I slowed down. The [rider] then made it into the left
lane and proceeded to run the stop sign at Sinking Springs and
made a left onto Susquehanna Trail where we had then come
into the Stillmeadow Church Parking lot. And that’s where he
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had crossed a bridge where I was unable to get my vehicle
across.
Id. at 7. Officer Pague further testified that the pursuit occurred at 8:15
p.m. when it was still light out and spanned a total distance of 4.7 miles.
Id. He testified that at times he was “within inches” of the rider. Id. at 8.
In particular, he described that the rider wore an open-faced helmet with a
camera mounted on top, wore a tank top exposing an arm tattoo, and a pair
of dark shorts. Id. Officer Pague emphasized that he “saw [the rider’s] face
multiple times,” because the rider kept looking back at Officer Pague. Id.
Officer Pague testified that his investigation of the incident led him to a
vacant residence on Woodmont Drive. Id. at 15. Based on information
posted on the door of the residence, Officer Pague eventually called
Appellant’s mother, L.H.S. Id. Officer Pague testified that L.H.S. told him
that she relocated to another residence down the street from Woodmont
Drive. While still on the phone with L.H.S., Officer Pague drove to the new
residence. Id. at 16. Officer Pague testified that, as he was approaching
the residence, he observed a white vehicle backing out of the driveway. Id.
Officer Pague confirmed that it was L.H.S. driving the white vehicle. Id. He
testified that L.H.S. had a passenger in the vehicle, whom she identified as
her son (Appellant). Id. When Officer Pague observed her son exit the
vehicle, Officer Pague realized he “had the same tattoo that was on the
driver of the motorcycle that evening.” Id.
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Upon seeing Appellant, Officer Pague testified that he “asked him right
away who “the other person that you were riding the motorcycle with” was.
Id. According to Officer Pague’s testimony, Appellant replied he “didn’t
know.” Id. at 16-17. On cross-examination, Officer Pague acknowledged
that he did not recall any specifics about the arm tattoo. Id. at 20.
At the hearing, Appellant challenged Officer Pague’s testimony about
how Officer Pague ascertained Appellant’s identity, arguing that the
Commonwealth failed to respond to Appellant’s discovery request about the
manner in which Officer Pague identified Appellant. The juvenile court
sustained the objection.
On August 21, 2014, the juvenile court adjudicated Appellant
delinquent of, inter alia, fleeing or attempting to elude a police officer and
driving without a license. Following the juvenile court’s denial of Appellant’s
post-dispositional motion, Appellant timely appealed to this Court. Appellant
filed a Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b) statement of errors complained of on appeal,
raising two assertions of error:
[1.] Whether Appellant’s adjudication for driving without a
license was against the sufficiency of the evidence as there was
no evidence presented at the denial hearing to support
adjudication for driving without a license?
[2.] Whether Appellant’s adjudication on the fleeing and eluding
charge was against the weight of the evidence as the officers
[sic] testimony and identification were not reliable?
Appellant’s Rule 1925(b) Statement. In response, the juvenile court issued
a Pa.R.A.P. 1925(a) opinion, incorporating the reasons set forth in its August
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6, 2014 order. With respect to the first assertion of error, the juvenile court
acknowledged that “there was no evidence presented at the fact finding
hearing to support adjudication for driving without a license.” Juvenile Court
Rule 1925(a) Opinion, 1/5/15, at 2. The court, however, noted that it “had
personal knowledge of [Appellant’s] date of birth and the impossibility of
[Appellant] having a valid driver’s license” at the time of the incident. Id. at
n.1. As for the second assertion of error, the juvenile court concluded it did
not abuse its discretion in rejecting Appellant’s weight of the evidence
argument.
On appeal, Appellant repeats the same two assertions of error. Our
standard of review of dispositional orders is well-settled: “The Juvenile Act
grants broad discretion to the court when determining an appropriate
disposition. We will not disturb a disposition absent a manifest abuse of
discretion.” In the Interest of R.D., 44 A.3d 657, 664 (Pa. Super. 2012),
appeal denied, 56 A.3d 398 (Pa. 2012) (quoting In the Interest of
R.D.R., 876 A.2d 1009, 1013 (Pa. Super. 2005)). An abuse of discretion
“requires a result of manifest unreasonableness, or partiality, prejudice,
bias, or ill-will, or such lack of support as to be clearly erroneous.”
Commonwealth v. Rodriguez, 81 A.3d 103, 106 (Pa. Super. 2013)
(quotation omitted).
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We now turn to Appellant’s first assertion of error. Appellant argues
that the evidence was insufficient to sustain his conviction for driving without
a license.2 We agree. Instantly, the Commonwealth admits that the
juvenile court erred in adjudicating Appellant delinquent for driving without a
license, because the adjudication was not supported by sufficient evidence.
Appellee’s Brief at 13. In fact, as noted earlier, the juvenile court also
acknowledged that the Commonwealth failed to present sufficient evidence
to sustain Appellant’s adjudication for driving without a license. Accordingly,
Appellant’s delinquency adjudication for driving without a license was in
error.3
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2
We are mindful that:
[i]n reviewing the sufficiency of the evidence, we consider
whether the evidence presented at trial, and all reasonable
inferences drawn therefrom, viewed in a light most favorable to
the Commonwealth as the verdict winner, support the jury’s
verdict beyond a reasonable doubt. The Commonwealth can
meet its burden by wholly circumstantial evidence and any doubt
about the defendant’s guilt is to be resolved by the fact finder
unless the evidence is so weak and inconclusive that, as a
matter of law, no probability of fact can be drawn from the
combined circumstances. As an appellate court, we must review
the entire record and all evidence actually received. The trier of
fact while passing upon the credibility of witnesses and the
weight of the evidence produced is free to believe all, part or
none of the evidence. Because evidentiary sufficiency is a
question of law, our standard of review is de novo and our scope
of review is plenary.
In re C.R., 113 A.3d 328, 333-34 (Pa. Super. 2015) (citation and quotation
marks omitted).
3
To the extent the juvenile court suggests it may take judicial notice of
Appellant’s date of birth because of its familiarity with Appellant, we
disagree. Here, the juvenile court for the first time took judicial notice of
Appellant’s date of birth at the post-dispositional motion hearing. See
(Footnote Continued Next Page)
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Appellant next argues that his delinquency adjudication was contrary
to the weight of the evidence because Officer Pague’s testimony was not
credible. In support of this argument, Appellant points out that Officer
Pague’s testimony was not credible because Officer Pague did not remember
any details about the tattoo on Appellant’s arm. Appellant’s Brief at 13.
“A weight of the evidence claim concedes that the evidence is
sufficient to sustain the verdict, but seeks a new trial on the ground that the
evidence was so one-sided or so weighted in favor of acquittal that a guilty
verdict shocks one’s sense of justice.” In re J.B., 106 A.3d 76, 95 (Pa.
2014). Thus, we may only reverse the juvenile court’s adjudication of
delinquency if it is so contrary to the evidence as to shock one’s sense of
justice. In re J.M., 89 A.3d 688, 692 (Pa. Super. 2014), appeal denied,
102 A.3d 986 (Pa. 2014) (citation omitted). Moreover, where the court has
ruled on the weight claim below, an appellate court’s role is not to consider
the underlying question of whether the verdict is against the weight of the
evidence. Id. Rather, appellate review is limited to whether the juvenile
court palpably abused its discretion in ruling on the weight claim. Id.
Hence, a juvenile court’s denial of a weight claim is the least assailable of its
rulings. Conflicts in the evidence and contradictions in the testimony of any
witnesses are for the fact finder to resolve. Id.
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(Footnote Continued)
In Interest of D.S., 622 A.2d 954, 958 (Pa. Super. 1993) (A party
opposing judicial notice must be provided an opportunity for rebuttal).
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Here, Appellant essentially invites us to re-evaluate the juvenile
court’s credibility determination. We, however, decline to do so. As noted
above, we do not disturb the juvenile court’s credibility determination by
which we are bound. See Commonwealth v. Rivera, 983 A.2d 1211,
1225 (2009) (“A new trial should not be granted because of a mere conflict
in the testimony or because the judge on the same facts would have arrived
at a different conclusion.”). Thus, based on our review of the entire record,
as recited above, we do not conclude the juvenile court abused its discretion
in denying Appellant a new trial.
Dispositional order affirmed in part and reversed in part.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 9/9/2015
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