Com. v. Wright, R.

J-S33028-22
NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
COMMONWEALTH OF PENNSYLVANIA : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
:
v. :
:
:
RASSAHN ALAN WRIGHT :
:
Appellant : No. 1377 EDA 2022
Appeal from the Judgment of Sentence Entered April 1, 2022,
in the Court of Common Pleas of Chester County,
Criminal Division at No(s): CP-15-CR-0003542-2020.
BEFORE: KUNSELMAN, J., KING, J., and SULLIVAN, J.
MEMORANDUM BY KUNSELMAN, J.: FILED DECEMBER 19, 2022
Rassahn Alan Wright appeals from the judgment of sentence imposed
after he pled guilty to simple assault.1 Additionally, Wright’s counsel filed a
petition to withdraw representation and an accompanying brief pursuant to
Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738 (1967). Upon review, we grant counsel’s
petition and affirm the judgment of sentence.
The trial court summarized the facts and procedural history as follows:
On September 21, 2020, at approximately 1:59 p.m., a patrolman
employed by the Phoenixville Borough in Chester County
responded to a report of a motor vehicle accident near the Sunoco
gas station on Nutt Road. The female driver of the striking vehicle
____________________________________________
1 75 Pa.C.S.A. § 3802(d)(1)(i).
J-S33028-22
showed obvious signs of being under the influence of a controlled
substance and was placed under arrest. [Wright] was found
asleep in the front passenger seat of the striking vehicle. After
being awoken, the patrolman attempted to initiate his
investigation and observed [Wright] attempting to conceal a small
bag of suspected marijuana. He also displayed signs of being
under the influence of a controlled substance and was detained in
handcuffs pending further investigation. [Wright] subsequently
became physically and verbally aggressive and kicked an EMT,
who had responded to the scene, three times. [Wright] was
placed under arrest for Public Drunkenness. A search incident to
arrest found [Wright] in possession of a Crown Royal bag
containing three clear bags of suspected marijuana. As a result
of both the driver and passenger of the striking car being placed
under arrest, the vehicle was processed for towing. In searching
the vehicle’s trunk, officers located men’s clothing, [Wright’s]
fishing license, his employee identification card, and a second
[Crown Royal] bag that contained two additional clear bags of
suspected marijuana.
Trial Court Opinion, 7/11/22, at 1-2. Wright was arrested and charged with
one count of aggravated assault, two counts of possession of a controlled
substance, two counts of possession of drug paraphernalia, one count of
simple assault, and one count of harassment.2
On November 5, 2021, Wright pled guilty to simple assault; all other
charges were withdrawn. At the sentencing hearing, the victim and Wright
testified. The court also received a statement from Wright’s partner and
mother of their special needs child. Additionally, the Commonwealth played
some of the video from an officer’s body camera that night. Wright requested
that another, earlier portion of it be played, but the court did not allow it. The
____________________________________________
218 Pa.C.S.A. § 2702(a)(3), 35 P.S. §§ 790-113-A-16 and A-32, 18 Pa.C.S.A.
§§ 2701(a)1) and 2709(a)(1).
-2-
J-S33028-22
trial court sentenced Wright to 8 to 23 months’ incarceration. Wright filed a
post-sentence motion seeking modification of his sentence, which the court
denied.
Wright filed this timely appeal. Counsel filed a petition to withdraw from
representation and an Anders brief with this Court. Wright did not retain
independent counsel or file a pro se response to the Anders brief.
Before we may consider the issues raised in the Anders brief, we must
first consider counsel’s petition to withdraw from representation. See
Commonwealth v. Garang, 9 A.3d 237, 240 (Pa. Super. 2010) (holding
that, when presented with an Anders brief, this Court may not review the
merits of the underlying issues without first passing on the request to
withdraw). Pursuant to Anders, when counsel believes an appeal is frivolous
and wishes to withdraw from representation, counsel must do the following:
(1) petition the court for leave to withdraw stating that after
making a conscientious examination of the record, counsel has
determined the appeal would be frivolous; (2) file a brief referring
to any issues that might arguably support the appeal, but which
does not resemble a no-merit letter; and (3) furnish a copy of the
brief to the defendant and advise him of his right to retain new
counsel, proceed pro se, or raise any additional points [counsel]
deems worthy of this Court's attention.
Commonwealth v. Edwards, 906 A.2d 1225, 1227 (Pa. Super. 2006)
(citation omitted). In Commonwealth v. Santiago, 978 A.2d 349 (Pa.
2009), our Supreme Court addressed the second requirement of Anders, i.e.,
the contents of an Anders brief, and required that the brief:
-3-
J-S33028-22
(1) provide a summary of the procedural history and facts, with
citations to the record;
(2) refer to anything in the record that counsel believes arguably
supports the appeal;
(3) set forth counsel’s conclusion that the appeal is frivolous; and
(4) state counsel’s reasons for concluding that the appeal is
frivolous. Counsel should articulate the relevant facts of record,
controlling case law, and/or statutes on point that have led to the
conclusion that the appeal is frivolous.
Santiago, 978 A.2d at 361. Once counsel has satisfied the Anders
requirements, it is then this Court’s responsibility “to conduct a simple review
of the record to ascertain if there appear on its face to be arguably meritorious
issues that counsel, intentionally or not, missed or misstated.”
Commonwealth v. Dempster, 187 A.3d 266, 272 (Pa. Super. 2018).
Here, counsel has complied with each of the requirements of Anders.
Counsel indicated that he reviewed the record and concluded that Wright’s
appeal is frivolous. Further, the Anders brief substantially comports with the
requirements set forth by our Supreme Court in Santiago. Finally, the record
included a copy of the letter that counsel sent to Wright stating counsel’s
intention to seek permission to withdraw and advising Wright of his right to
proceed pro se or retain new counsel and file additional claims. Accordingly,
as counsel has complied with the procedural requirements for withdrawing
from representation, we will conduct an independent review to determine
whether Wright appeal is wholly frivolous.
-4-
J-S33028-22
In the Anders brief, counsel asserts that the only issue Wright could
potentially raise is a challenge to the discretionary aspects of his sentence.
“Challenges to the discretionary aspects of sentencing do not entitle an
appellant to review as of right.” Commonwealth v. Moury, 992 A.2d 162,
170 (Pa. Super. 2010). This Court has explained that, to reach the merits of
a discretionary sentencing issue, we must conduct a four-part analysis to
determine:
(1) whether the appeal is timely; (2) whether [a]ppellant
preserved his issue; (3) whether [a]pellant's brief includes a
concise statement of the reasons relied upon for allowance of
appeal with respect to the discretionary aspects of sentence [in
accordance with 2119(f)]; and (4) whether the concise statement
raises a substantial question that the sentence is appropriate
under the sentencing code. . . . [I]f the appeal satisfies each of
these four requirements, we will then proceed to decide the
substantive merits of the case.
Commonwealth v. Colon, 102 A.3d 1033, 1042–43 (Pa. Super. 2014)
(quoting Commonwealth v. Austin, 66 A.3d 798, 808 (Pa. Super. 2013)).
Wright has satisfied the first three requirements under Colon.
Accordingly, we must determine whether he has raised a substantial question.
In the 2119(f) statement, counsel asserts that the only substantial
question that could be raised is that the trial court’s sentence was excessive
and failed to consider mitigating factors. Anders Brief at 14. We have held
that an argument that a sentence was excessive in conjunction with the
assertion that the trial court failed to consider mitigating factors raises a
substantial question. Commonwealth v. Caldwell, 117 A.3d 763, 769-70
-5-
J-S33028-22
(Pa. Super. 2015) (en banc). Therefore, we will review Wright’s sentencing
claim.
Our standard of review of a sentencing claim is as follows:
Sentencing is a matter vested in the sound discretion of the
sentencing judge, and a sentence will not be disturbed on appeal
absent a manifest abuse of discretion. In this context, an abuse
of discretion is not shown merely by an error in judgment. Rather,
the appellant must establish, by reference to the record, that the
sentencing court ignored or misapplied the law, exercised its
judgment for reasons of partiality, prejudice, bias or ill will, or
arrived at a manifestly unreasonable decision.
Commonwealth v. Shugars, 895 A.2d 1270, 1275 (Pa. Super. 2006).
Additionally, where a sentence is within the standard range of the
guidelines, Pennsylvania law views the sentence as appropriate under the
Sentencing Code. Commonwealth v. Hill, 210 A.3d 1104, 1117 (Pa. Super.
2019) (internal quotations and citation omitted). As such, we must affirm
unless “application of the guidelines would be clearly unreasonable.” 42
Pa.C.S.A. § 9781(c)(2).
Wright claims that the trial court abused its discretion and imposed an
excessive sentence by failing to consider relevant mitigating factors. In
particular, he argues that the court did not consider his: lack of a violent
record, employment at two jobs, special needs child, injured leg requiring
rehabilitation, and efforts to turn his life around. Wright further argues that
the trial court should have viewed the entire video from the officer’s body
camera which would have provided additional mitigating evidence. Anders
-6-
J-S33028-22
Brief at 16. Considering these factors, Wright maintains that the trial court
should have imposed a sentence in the mitigated range.
In sentencing Wright, we first note that the trial court had a pre-
sentence investigation report and reviewed it. N.T., 4/1/22, at 22. “[W]here
the trial court is informed by a pre-sentence report, it is presumed that the
court is aware of all appropriate sentencing factors and considerations, and
that where the court has been so informed, its discretion should not be
disturbed.” Commonwealth v. Ventura, 975 A.2d 1128, 1135 (Pa. Super.
2009) (citation omitted).
Additionally, the trial court was informed that, based upon a prior record
score of 5 and an offense gravity score of 3, the sentencing guidelines
recommended a standard range, minimum sentence of 6 to 12 months’
incarceration. Id. at 2, 22. The court imposed a minimum sentence near the
lower end of this range. As such, we presume Wright’s sentence was
appropriate.
Notwithstanding this, our review of the record shows that the trial court
considered multiple factors when it sentenced Wright, including mitigating
ones. At the hearing, Wright told the court about his business with his father
and his clothing line. He asked the court for leniency because of his daughter’s
special needs. Wright’s partner and mother of their daughter gave a written
statement to the court about how Wright provided and cared for their child.
However, the court also heard from the EMS worker who was trying to
help Wright when Wright attacked him. The worker explained how the attack
-7-
J-S33028-22
impacted him and the ongoing concern he had for his safety at work since
then. This resonated with the court.
The court acknowledged that Wright had not previously committed
crimes of violence, but noted he had a “very extensive criminal history.” It
further noted that many of these crimes involved drugs and alcohol and
concluded that Wright has a drug and alcohol problem. And, although Wright
was afforded treatment multiple times in the past, he failed to take advantage
of these opportunities and better himself. As such, the court determined that
Wright’s rehabilitative needs could not be satisfied in the community.
Significantly, the court emphasized Wright’s need to begin a life of recovery
so that he could be a good father to his daughter. The court specifically
recognized Wright’s concern for his daughter and how important she was to
him. However, taking everything into consideration, the trial court imposed a
sentence of incarceration within the standard range. Id. at 19-25.
Based upon our review of the sentencing transcript, it is evident that
the trial court thoughtfully weighed all the relevant factors in this case.3 On
appeal, “[w]e cannot re-weigh the sentencing factors and impose our
judgment in place of the sentencing court.” Commonwealth v. Macias, 968
A.2d 773, 778 (Pa. Super. 2009). We conclude that the trial court did not
abuse its discretion in sentencing Wright.
____________________________________________
3 Wright’s argument that the trial court should have reviewed the beginning
of the body camera video does not change this conclusion. Because Wright
was passed out during that portion of the video, it could not have offered any
information relevant to his sentence. See N.T., 4/1/22, at 20-21.
-8-
J-S33028-22
For the foregoing reasons, we conclude that Wright’s issue is wholly
frivolous. Furthermore, as required by Anders, we have independently
reviewed the record to determine whether there are any non-frivolous issues
present in this case. Our review of the record disclosed no other non-frivolous
issues that Watts could raise that counsel overlooked. See Dempster,
supra.
Having concluded that there are no non-frivolous issues, we grant
counsel’s petition to withdraw, and affirm the judgment of sentence.
Petition to withdraw as counsel granted. Judgment of sentence
affirmed.
Judge King did not participate in the consideration or decision of this
case.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 12/19/2022
-9-