Judges: Wieand, Beck and Brosky
Filed Date: 8/10/1995
Status: Precedential
Modified Date: 10/19/2024
This is an appeal from an order directing the appellant, Wayne Beaver, to contribute to the cost of providing a college education for his son. Because the trial court committed error in determining the amount of the order, we reverse and remand.
Wayne Beaver and Mary Diehl, formerly husband and wife, are the parents of two children: Michael, born on April 17, 1975, and Timothy, born on October 3, 1977. Wayne paid child support pursuant to court order until Michael was graduated from high school. The parties then agreed that Wayne was no longer required to pay support for Michael, and the order was modified to require payment of $313.00 per month for Timothy’s support. In the fall of 1993, however, Michael began attending Pennsylvania State University. On August 6, 1993, therefore, Mary filed a complaint seeking to compel support payments from Wayne for Michael’s college expenses. Following a hearing, a court-appointed master issued a recommended order for support, and both parties filed exceptions. On May 19,1994, the trial court ordered Wayne to pay $245.00 per month toward the cost of Michael’s postsecondary education, as well as $50.00 per month on account of accumulated arrearages. Wayne appealed.
In matters involving support, a reviewing court will not disturb an order of the trial court unless there has been an abuse of discretion. Ball v. Minnick, 538 Pa. 441, 448, 648 A.2d 1192, 1196 (1994); Oeler by Gross v. Oeler, 527 Pa. 532, 537, 594 A.2d 649, 651 (1991); Connor v. Connor, 434 Pa.Super. 288, 290, 642 A.2d 1136, 1137 (1994). An abuse of discretion exists if the trial court has overridden or misapplied the law, or if there is insufficient evidence to sustain the order. See: Drawbaugh v. Drawbaugh, 436 Pa.Super. 57, 59, 647 A.2d 240, 241 (1994); Kelly v. Kelly, 430 Pa.Super. 31, 34, 633 A.2d 218, 219 (1993); Fitzpatrick v. Fitzpatrick, 412 Pa.Super. 382, 386, 603 A.2d 633, 635 (1992).
Following his divorce, Wayne remarried. His second wife is an employee of Bloomsburg University. Evidence was
A court may not order support for postsecondary educational costs where “[ujndue financial hardship would result to the parent.” 23 Pa.C.S. § 4327(f)(1). In the instant case, Wayne had a monthly income of $2350.00. He was required to make monthly support payments in the amount of $313.00 for the parties’ younger child and $245.00 per month for Michael’s college education. Wayne contends on appeal that because income and expense statements which he submitted to the trial court demonstrated that he had monthly expenses in the amount of $2500.00, the court’s order imposed an undue hardship on him.
Wayne also contends that Mary’s earning capacity was greater than the monthly income attributed to her by the trial court. In determining one’s ability to provide support, the focus is generally on one’s earning capacity rather than on the person’s actual earnings. Kelly v. Kelly, supra at 34, 633 A.2d at 219; Singleton v. Waties, 420 Pa.Super. 184, 190, 616 A.2d 644, 647 (1992); Monsky v. Sacks, 403 Pa.Super. 40, 44, 588 A.2d 19, 21 (1991). A person’s earning capacity “is defined not as an amount which the person could theoretically earn, but as that amount which the person could realistically earn under the circumstances, considering his or her age, health, mental and physical condition and training.” Myers v. Myers, 405 Pa.Super. 290, 297, 592 A.2d 339, 343 (1991); Goodman v. Goodman, 375 Pa.Super. 504, 508, 544 A,2d 1033, 1035 (1988). Here, Mary was employed by Big Brothers and Big Sisters of Columbia County at a salary of approximately $16,000.00 per year. From 1980 to 1985, Mary had been employed as a teacher and had earned a substantially greater income. She testified, however, that recent attempts to find similar positions had been unsuccessful. The trial court accepted her explanation and attributed to her a monthly income of $1300.00. In light of the factual support for the trial court’s finding, this was not an abuse of discretion. See: Klahold v. Kroh, 437 Pa.Super. 150, 649 A.2d 701 (1994) (earning capacity should generally not be based on greater prior earnings where there is no evidence of a deliberate reduction in income to avoid a support obligation).
This becomes abundantly clear when we consider that the trial court also refused to consider other funds which would have been available to the son if he had made any effort to obtain them. Thus, the appellant father complains that the trial court committed serious error when it refused to take into account student loans available to assist Michael in obtaining a college education. The undisputed evidence was that Stafford loans were available to Michael in the amount of $2625.00 during his freshman year, $3500.00 during his sophomore year, $5500.00 during his junior year, and at least $5000.00 during his senior year. The trial court held, however, that it was required to consider “only educational loans received by the student” and that the “financial circumstances of the parents in this case [did] not warrant that Michael avail himself of the Stafford Loan----”
On remand, the trial court should consider some or all of the earnings of the student, as well as student loans available to him, and reduce the amount of the order accordingly.
The order of the trial court is reversed, and the case is remanded to the trial court for reconsideration and the entry
. Michael did not apply for admission at Bloomsburg University.
. This income and expense statement is not part of the certified record before this Court.