DocketNumber: No. 14998-02S
Citation Numbers: 2004 T.C. Summary Opinion 15, 2004 Tax Ct. Summary LEXIS 17
Judges: \"Panuthos, Peter J.\"
Filed Date: 2/11/2004
Status: Non-Precedential
Modified Date: 11/20/2020
2004 Tax Ct. Summary LEXIS 17">*17 PURSUANT TO INTERNAL REVENUE CODE SECTION 7463(b), THIS OPINION MAY NOT BE TREATED AS PRECEDENT FOR ANY OTHER CASE.
PANUTHOS, Chief Special Trial Judge: This case was heard pursuant to the provisions of
Respondent issued petitioner a Notice of Determination Concerning Collection Action(s) Under Section 6320 and/or 6330 for unpaid Federal income tax and related liabilities for 1997.2
2004 Tax Ct. Summary LEXIS 17">*18 The issue for decision is whether respondent abused his discretion in determining that certain asserted overpayments are not available as a collection alternative to offset petitioner's unpaid Federal income tax and related liabilities for 1997.
Background
[4] Some of the facts have been stipulated, and they are so found. Petitioner resided in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, at the time the petition was filed.
In April 1986, petitioner sent respondent a check dated April 8, 1986, in the amount of $ 5,000 (hereinafter 1986 payment) along with Form 4868, Extension of Time To File U.S. Individual Income Tax Return,3 for the 1985 taxable year. The 1986 payment reflected the "Income tax balance due" that petitioner was to "Pay in full with" Form 4868.
2004 Tax Ct. Summary LEXIS 17">*19 Respondent then sent petitioner a notice dated June 1, 1987, notifying petitioner (1) that he and Ms. Ilene Block had made errors on the Form 1040, U.S. Individual Income Tax Return, that they filed for the 1985 taxable year and (2) that they were entitled to a refund of $ 9,967.81 after having made total payments and credits of $ 33,817.32 on the basis of the following:
Tax withheld $ 11,709.55
Estimated tax payments 17,107.77
Other credits -0-
Other payments 5,000.00
Total payments and credits 33,817.32
The record is unclear as to whether petitioner received any portion of the refund of $ 9,967.81 or whether this amount was credited to a subsequent taxable year. The record is also unclear as to when the 1985 return was actually filed, but on the basis of the notice, we presume petitioner filed the return sometime before June 1, 1987.
Petitioner also sent respondent a check dated February 8, 1995, in the amount of $ 10,000 (hereinafter 1995 payment) as payment of taxes for the 1994 taxable year. Petitioner, however, 2004 Tax Ct. Summary LEXIS 17">*20 did not file a Federal income tax return for the 1994 taxable year until May 14, 1997, at which time petitioner had a reported tax liability of $ 32,490.86 and credits of $ 43,677.64 for that taxable year. The credits for the 1994 taxable year include the 1995 payment. That payment is reflected in respondent's literal transcripts of petitioner's tax accounts, which show a posting of $ 10,000 on February 23, 1995.
Consistent with petitioner's request, the excess credits for the 1994 taxable year -- $ 11,186.78 -- were carried over and applied to the 1995 taxable year. However, the Federal income tax return for the 1995 taxable year was not filed until August 14, 2001, at which time petitioner had a reported tax liability of $ 29,065.18 and total credits (including the carried-over amount) of $ 41,814.78 for that taxable year.
A portion of the excess credits for the 1995 taxable year -- $ 9,377.60 -- was carried over and applied to the 1996 taxable 4 year, the Federal income tax return for which was not filed until either August 2001 (according to petitioner) or March 26, 2002 (according to respondent). For the 1996 taxable year, petitioner had a reported tax liability of $ 33,2102004 Tax Ct. Summary LEXIS 17">*21 and total credits of $ 37,632.
Respondent did not apply the excess credits -- $ 4,422 -- from the 1996 taxable year to the 1997 taxable year. Petitioner did not file his Federal income tax return for the 1997 taxable year until October 3, 2001, when he had credits of $ 28,743 that were insufficient to cover the reported tax liability of $ 34,456.
We summarize the foregoing chronology with the following table:
Tax
Year Date Return Filed Liability Credits
____ _________________ _________ _______
1994 5n141997 $ 32,490.86 $ 43,677.64
1995 8n142001 29,065.18 41,814.78
1996 8/2001 or 3n262002 33,210.00 2004 Tax Ct. Summary LEXIS 17">*22 37,632.00
1997 10n32001 34,456.00 28,743.00
[12] Respondent seeks to collect the balance of the unpaid tax liability, plus any accrued interest and additions to tax, for 1997. Respondent issued petitioner a notice of intent to levy on or about April 20, 2002.
At a hearing before respondent's Appeals officer,5 petitioner was presented with literal transcripts of his tax accounts for the years 1994 through 1998. On August 28, 2002, the Appeals Office issued the Notice of Determination Concerning Collection Action(s) Under Section 6320 and/or 6330, notifying petitioner of the determination to proceed with collection of the 1997 income tax liability.
In his petition to this Court, filed September 20, 2002, petitioner alleged in part:
I sent a check in the amount of $ 5,000. 4n486 to
the Internal Revenue2004 Tax Ct. Summary LEXIS 17">*23 Service which was never acknowledged. I
have sent letters to the Internal Revenue Service for years
asking about this money.
* * * The Internal Revenue Service claims that there is a
statute of limitations on this issue. * * *
I had an overpayment of $ 11,404./[6]/ on my 1994
tax return. I designated this money to be applied to my 1995
taxes and if there were more overpayments to subsequent years.
This money was confiscated by the Internal Revenue Service as a
refund. I am not allowed to use this money to pay income taxes
for years 1995-1998. * * * All that I am asking is that I be
able to use the money that I sent to the Internal Revenue
Service to pay my taxes and not to have to pay my taxes twice.
[15] Petitioner does not dispute the existence or amount of the underlying tax liability for 1997. Indeed, petitioner testified at the time of trial: "I want to acknowledge the fact that I was delayed in filing returns for 1995, '96, '97, '98; that I owed tax for those years, penalties and interest". Rather, petitioner contends that he has two sources of overpayments -- 2004 Tax Ct. Summary LEXIS 17">*24 the 1986 payment and the 1995 payment -- to offset his unpaid Federal income tax and related liabilities for 1997.7
Respondent contends that the statute of limitations under
Discussion
2004 Tax Ct. Summary LEXIS 17">*25 1. Nature of the Arguments Under
Under
It is well established that the Commissioner may rely upon literal transcripts of account to satisfy the
Besides satisfying the verification requirement, the Commissioner also must take into consideration in his determination any issues raised by the taxpayer under
2. Standard of Review
This Court has jurisdiction to review the Commissioner's administrative determination under
The only relevant issue raised by petitioner is whether the 1986 payment, the 1995 payment, or any overpayment associated with petitioner's 1994 tax return constitutes a valid collection alternative to satisfy his unpaid Federal income tax and related liabilities for 1997. Respondent determined that none of these sources of payment is a valid collection alternative because the period of limitations under
3. Statute of Limitations Under
A claim for credit or refund of an overpayment of any tax 8 shall be filed by the taxpayer within 3 years from the time the return was filed or 2 years from the time the tax was paid, whichever of those periods expires later, or if no return was filed by the taxpayer, within 2 years from the time the tax was paid.
However, the amount of credit or refund is not unlimited and is subject to 2 "look-back" periods.
Moreover, in the case of any overpayment by a taxpayer, the Commissioner generally may, within the applicable period of limitations, credit the amount of such overpayment against any tax liability of that taxpayer.
Petitioner contends that respondent did not acknowledge the 1986 payment. While respondent's notice dated June 1, 1987, indicates otherwise,9 even if petitioner's contention had merit,
Petitioner also contends2004 Tax Ct. Summary LEXIS 17">*30 that his 1995 payment is another source of overpayment that may be applied to offset his outstanding liability for 1997. However, the record indicates that this amount was part of the $ 11,186.78 of excess credits for the 1994 taxable year used to offset the tax liability for 1995. This offset was consistent with petitioner's request and was done by respondent under the authority of
2004 Tax Ct. Summary LEXIS 17">*31 Under certain circumstances, the period of limitations under
Accordingly, 2004 Tax Ct. Summary LEXIS 17">*32 we conclude that
4. Conclusion
There2004 Tax Ct. Summary LEXIS 17">*33 is no basis in the record for the Court to conclude that respondent abused his discretion with respect to any of the matters in issue. Accordingly, for the reasons discussed above, respondent's determination to proceed by levy with the collection of petitioner's outstanding liability for 1997 should be sustained, and we so hold.
We have considered all of petitioner's arguments and contentions that are not discussed herein relating to whether respondent may proceed with collection with respect to petitioner's outstanding liability for 1997, and we conclude those arguments and contentions are without merit and/or irrelevant.
Reviewed and adopted as the report of the Small Tax Case Division.
To give effect to the foregoing,
Decision will be entered for respondent.
1. Unless otherwise indicated, all section references are to the Internal Revenue Code, as amended, and all Rule references are to the Tax Court Rules of Practice and Procedure.↩
2. As of May 31, 2002, the unpaid amount for the 1997 taxable year was $ 8,377.73.↩
3. The purpose of Form 4868 is "to ask for an automatic 4-month extension to file Form 1040A or Form 1040." A condition for having the extension granted is payment of the "Income tax balance due", which in this case was $ 5,000.↩
4. According to respondent, the remaining excess credits -- $ 3,372 -- were erroneously applied to the 1998 taxable year. Respondent contends that he is not seeking recovery of this erroneous application.↩
5. The parties did not provide us with a copy of the Form 12153, Request for a Collection Due Process Hearing, submitted by petitioner.↩
6. At the time of trial, petitioner asserted that the source of the overpayment for the 1994 taxable year was the 1995 payment.↩
7. Petitioner does not raise in his petition the issue whether the $ 4,422 of excess credits from the 1996 taxable year should be available to offset his outstanding liabilities for 1997. Any issue not raised in the petition as an assignment of error shall be deemed to be conceded. Rule 331(b)(4). Even if petitioner had raised the issue, we conclude that the look-back provisions of
8. The record clearly indicates that petitioner's remittances to respondent in 1986 and 1995 constitute payments of tax and not deposits in the nature of a cash bond. Such a deposit is not subject to a claim for credit or refund.
9. The notice to petitioner clearly indicates "Other Payments" of "$ 5,000.00".↩
10. May 14, 2000, represents the date that is 3 years from the date the 1994 return was filed. Two years from petitioner's 1995 payment is Feb. 23, 1997.↩
11. As we indicated earlier, it appears that respondent has accounted for all of these payments and has used them to offset petitioner's tax liabilities.↩
Thomas W. Roberts v. Commissioner of Internal Revenue , 329 F.3d 1224 ( 2003 )
Archibald Kreiger and Claire R. Kreiger v. United States , 539 F.2d 317 ( 1976 )
Order of Railroad Telegraphers v. Railway Express Agency, ... , 64 S. Ct. 582 ( 1944 )
Astrid E.A. Omohundro, Individually and as the Beneficiary ... , 300 F.3d 1065 ( 2002 )
Commissioner v. Lundy , 116 S. Ct. 647 ( 1996 )
Allison v. United States , 379 F. Supp. 490 ( 1974 )