Claudia Yanira Magana v. Commissioner

T.C. Summary Opinion 2020-9
UNITED STATES TAX COURT
CLAUDIA YANIRA MAGANA, Petitioner v.
COMMISSIONER OF INTERNAL REVENUE, Respondent
Docket No. 1860-18S. Filed February 10, 2020.
Claudia Yanira Magana, pro se.
Daniel G. Kempland, Melissa D. Lang, and Gregory Michael Hahn, for
respondent.
SUMMARY OPINION
GOEKE, Judge: This case was heard pursuant to the provisions of section
7463 of the Internal Revenue Code in effect when the petition was filed.1
1
Unless otherwise indicated, all section references are to the Internal
(continued...)
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Pursuant to section 7463(b), the decision to be entered is not reviewable by any
other court, and this opinion shall not be treated as precedent for any other case.
Respondent determined deficiencies in income tax for 2014, 2015, and 2016
of $8,725, $7,085, and $5,890, respectively, and an accuracy-related penalty under
section 6662(a) for each year. Respondent has conceded the accuracy-related
penalties. He has also conceded that petitioner is entitled to claim two of her three
children as qualifying child dependents for purposes of personal exemptions, the
child tax credit, and the earned income credit for 2014, 2015, and 2016.
The remaining issues are whether petitioner is entitled to head of household
filing status for 2015 and 2016 and a $1,000 education credit for 2014. We find
that she properly filed as head of household for 2015 and 2016. However, she has
not established that she is entitled to the education credit for 2014.
Background
Petitioner was a medical assistant during 2014, 2015, and 2016. She lived
with her three children and their father. She was not married to her children’s
father during the years at issue. She paid most of the household expenses for each
year at issue but filed as head of household for only 2015 and 2016. She filed as
1
(...continued)
Revenue Code as amended and in effect at all relevant times, and all Rule
references are to the Tax Court Rules of Practice and Procedure.
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single for 2014. One of petitioner’s children is disabled. The children’s father did
not claim the three children as his dependents for the years at issue, and he did not
file as head of household for 2015 and 2016. He struggled with medical debts and
other personal expenses, and petitioner had a greater adjusted gross income during
the years at issue. There was no written support agreement regarding the children.
Petitioner was a student in 2013 and paid tuition in that year, but there is no
evidence that she paid tuition in 2014.
Discussion
Pursuant to section 2(b), an individual is considered a head of household
and thereby entitled to the section 63(c) standard deduction for this filing status if
she meets certain conditions. These conditions are, in relevant part:
a. she was not married at the close of the taxable year;
b. she was not a surviving spouse as defined in section 2(a);
c. she maintained as her home a household whose membership
included, for more than one-half of the taxable year, a qualifying
child of the individual as defined in section 152(c); and
d. She furnished over half of the cost of maintaining the household
during the taxable year.
On the basis of our factual findings petitioner is entitled to head of
household filing status for 2015 and 2016. Respondent’s argument that petitioner
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has not met the burden of proof under Rule 142(a) as to her filing status is
incorrect.
Regarding the education credit under section 25A(a) at issue for 2014,
petitioner must establish the payment of tuition in 2014 to qualify for the credit.
Unfortunately, the records she submitted do not establish that payment.
Accordingly, she is not entitled to the education credit for 2014.
To reflect the foregoing,
Decision will be entered under
Rule 155.