Huston Foley Lloyd, Jr. v. State of Tennessee

IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
AT NASHVILLE
Assigned on Briefs February 9, 2016
HUSTON FOLEY LLOYD, JR. v. STATE OF TENNESSEE
Appeal from the Criminal Court for Putnam County
No. 08-0812 John Wootten, Jr., by Interchange, Judge
No. M2015-00295-CCA-R3-PC – Filed March 15, 2016
The petitioner, Huston Foley Lloyd, Jr., appeals the summary dismissal of his petition for
post-conviction relief, and the State concedes that summary dismissal was improper.
Because the petitioner stated a colorable claim for post-conviction relief, the post-
conviction court erred by summarily dismissing the petition. Accordingly, the judgment
of the post-conviction court is reversed, and the case is remanded for an evidentiary
hearing on the petitioner’s claims.
Tenn. R. App. P. 3; Judgment of the Criminal Court Reversed and Remanded
JAMES CURWOOD WITT, JR., J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which ALAN E.
GLENN and ROBERT L. HOLLOWAY, JR., JJ., joined.
Huston Foley Lloyd, Jr., Tiptonville, Tennessee, pro se.
Herbert H. Slatery III, Attorney General and Reporter; Andrew C. Coulam, Assistant
Attorney General; Randall A. York, District Attorney General; and Gary McKenzie,
Assistant District Attorney General, for the appellee, State of Tennessee.
OPINION
On July 2, 2009, the petitioner pleaded guilty to two counts of first degree
murder for the deaths of Kimberly Wyatt and her four-year-old daughter, Sarah Elizabeth
Wyatt, in exchange for consecutive sentences of life without the possibility of parole. A
written stipulation of fact exhibited to the guilty plea submission hearing provides:
On June 3, 2006, the [petitioner] followed Kimberly
Wyatt and her two minor daughters to the Lantana Church of
Christ in Crossville, Cumberland County, Tennessee. Upon
arrival at Lantana Church of Christ, Kimberly Wyatt
attempted to place her daughters into a vehicle being driven
by Mr. Alex Bosland. As she was attempting to get her
daughters into the vehicle, the [petitioner] arrived, exited his
vehicle and walked to the front of the vehicles being driven
by Alex Bosland and Kimberly Wyatt, and then fired the first
pistol shot striking Sarah Elizabeth Wyatt (age 4) in the neck
and then fired eight shots into the body of Kimberly Wyatt
with premeditation and with the intent to kill Kimberly
Wyatt. The [petitioner] returned to his car, made a telephone
call and then returned, shooting an additional round into the
head of Kimberly Wyatt constituting the act of First Degree
Murder. Kimberly Wyatt was shot a total of nine times and
Sarah Wyatt was shot a total of two times. It is admitted and
stipulated by the [petitioner] that the [petitioner] did
unlawfully kill Kimberly Wyatt, and that he acted
intentionally and with premeditation. It is further admitted
that the [petitioner] killed Sarah Elizabeth Wyatt while
perpetrating the intentional and premeditated murder of
Kimberly Wyatt by shooting Sarah Elizabeth Wyatt twice,
constituting the act of felony murder.
On June 4, 2010, the petitioner filed a timely petition for post-conviction
relief, alleging, among other things, that he was denied the effective assistance of counsel
and that his guilty pleas were not knowingly and voluntarily entered. On June 21, 2010,
the post-conviction court entered an order, finding that the petitioner had failed to satisfy
the statutory requirement that he state a factual basis in support of his claims and giving
the petitioner 15 days within which to file an amended petition. The petitioner filed an
amended petition on June 28, 2010. On July 9, 2010, the post-conviction court entered a
preliminary order, finding that the petitioner had presented a colorable claim for post-
conviction relief and appointing attorney Samuel Harris to represent the indigent
petitioner.
After the petitioner complained about the quality of his representation and
filed a complaint with the Tennessee Board of Professional Responsibility, Mr. Harris
successfully moved to withdraw from the petitioner’s case in May 2011. The post-
conviction court then appointed Douglas K. Dennis, Jr., to represent the petitioner. In
July 2013, Mr. Dennis moved to withdraw from the petitioner’s case, citing a
fundamental breakdown in the attorney-client relationship. The post-conviction court
allowed Mr. Dennis to withdraw and appointed John B. Nisbet to represent the petitioner
in his stead.
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On May 1, 2014, the trial court set an evidentiary hearing for July 25, 2014.
Eleven days later, the petitioner filed a motion seeking to waive his right to counsel and
to proceed pro se. The court conducted a hearing on the petitioner’s motion on June 2,
2014, and concluded “that the petitioner understood what he was requesting and that he
was capable of representing himself and also that he was acting voluntarily of his own
free will and was not under the influence of alcohol or drugs.” The court ordered that the
petitioner would be allowed to proceed pro se. The post-conviction court gave the
petitioner until July 18, 2014, to file an amended petition for post-conviction relief and
stated that after July 18, 2014, the court would “set this matter for a full hearing on the”
petition.
On July 17, 2014, the petitioner tendered his amended petition for post-
conviction relief to prison authorities for mailing. In August 2014, the petitioner filed a
motion for discovery and moved ex parte for funds to hire an investigator. On September
12, 2014, the State filed a response to the petitioner’s ex parte motion for funds to hire an
investigator, asking that the petitioner’s request be denied. The State also filed a
response to the petitioner’s amended petition for post-conviction relief.
On November 5, 2014, Judge Leon C. Burns, who had, until that point,
been presiding over the petitioner’s case, filed an order detailing the procedural history of
the case and noting that he had since retired from the bench. The court ordered that the
case “be placed on the active docket to be reset for a hearing before another judge.” One
week later, the petitioner filed a second request for discovery. On December 2, 2014,
13th Judicial District Presiding Judge Amy V. Hollars entered an order transferring the
petitioner’s case to 15th Judicial District Judge John D. Wootten, Jr., who agreed to hear
the case by interchange because all the judges in the 13th Judicial District had recused
themselves. On December 23, 2014, the petitioner filed a motion seeking recusal of all
the judges in the 13th Judicial District and expressing his displeasure that Judge Hollars
had selected a judge to preside over his case rather than allowing the selection to be made
by the Chief Justice of the Tennessee Supreme Court.
On January 29, 2015, the post-conviction court entered an order denying
post-conviction relief without a hearing on the petition. The order of dismissal provided:
Upon review of the petition, this Court observes that
the essential complaint is one of ineffective assistance of
counsel. However, the underlying case resulted in a guilty
plea. This court has reviewed the exhaustive guilty plea
conducted by the trial judge. . . . The petitioner essentially
wants to undo the plea. Although he alleges ineffective
assistance of counsel, upon review of the record there are but
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scant evidentiary allegations relating to ineffective assistance.
The petition itself is replete with conclusions and
restatements of general principles of law; and therefore, does
not conform to the post-conviction statute.
The court also examined the petitioner’s claims and concluded that each lacked merit.
The court also found
upon review of the petition, the allied papers, the stipulation
of fact entered on the date that the plea was approved by the
trial judge, and the transcript of that proceeding, and the
record that this petition does not conform to the requirements
of the Post-Conviction Act under T.C.A. § 40-30-101 et seq.
This Court further finds that this petition is not a colorable
claim inasmuch as it fails to meet the statutory test upon
examination of the pertinent parts of the record.
Following the denial of his petition, the petitioner filed a timely notice of
appeal. In this appeal, the pro se petitioner complains that Judge Hollars was without
jurisdiction to appoint Judge Wootten to preside over his case and that the post-
conviction court erred by denying his petition without benefit of a hearing on his claims
of ineffective assistance of counsel and prosecutorial misconduct. The State concedes
that the court erred by denying post-conviction relief without holding a hearing on the
petitioner’s colorable claims, noting that Judge Burns had already performed the statutory
preliminary review required by Code section 40-30-106, had concluded that the petitioner
had stated a colorable claim for post-conviction relief, and had entered a preliminary
order in accordance with Code section 40-30-107.
Post-conviction relief is available only “when the conviction or sentence is
void or voidable because of the abridgment of any right guaranteed by the Constitution of
Tennessee or the Constitution of the United States.” T.C.A. § 40-30-103. Petitions for
post-conviction relief must comply with certain statutory rules:
(c) The petition for post-conviction relief shall be limited to
the assertion of claims for relief from the judgment or
judgments entered in a single trial or proceeding. If the
petitioner desires to obtain relief from judgments entered in
separate trials or proceedings, the petitioner must file separate
petitions.
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(d) The petitioner shall include all claims known to the
petitioner for granting post-conviction relief and shall verify
under oath that all the claims are included.
(e) The petitioner shall include allegations of fact supporting
each claim for relief set forth in the petition and allegations of
fact explaining why each ground for relief was not previously
presented in any earlier proceeding. The petition and any
amended petition shall be verified under oath. Affidavits,
records or other evidence available to the petitioner
supporting the allegations of the petition may be attached to
it.
(f) The petitioner shall provide the name of any attorney
licensed to practice law who drafts or has given assistance or
advice regarding drafting the petition for post-conviction
relief.
(g) Amendments to the petition shall conform substantially to
the form for original petitions, except that matters alleged in
the original petition need not be repeated.
Id. § 40-30-104(c)-(f). Although the petition as originally filed in this case did not
comply with these rules, the post-conviction court allowed the petitioner 15 days to
correct his errors, and the petitioner did so by filing an amended petition. The
petitioner’s second amended petition also complies with these statutory prerequisites.
After the petitioner filed his first amended petition for post-conviction
relief, the post-conviction court “examine[d] it together with all the files, records,
transcripts, and correspondence relating to the judgment under attack, and enter[ed] an
order in accordance with this section or § 40-30-107.” Id. § 40-30-106(a). The
preliminary order filed by Judge Burns contained a finding that the petitioner had stated a
colorable claim for post-conviction relief and appointed counsel to represent the
petitioner. Although the petitioner was later permitted to proceed pro se, the record is
clear that Judge Burns contemplated holding an evidentiary hearing on his petition for
post-conviction relief.
Certainly, the post-conviction court may dismiss a post-conviction petition
if it fails to state a colorable claim for relief. Id. § 40-30-106(f). “A colorable claim is a
claim, in a petition for post-conviction relief, that, if taken as true, in the light most
favorable to the petitioner, would entitle petitioner to relief under the Post-Conviction
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Procedure Act.” Tenn. Sup. Ct. R. 28, § 2(H). Here, the petitioner claimed that he was
deprived of the effective assistance of counsel and that his guilty pleas were not
knowingly and voluntarily entered. Specifically, he asserted that his counsel failed to
investigate defenses associated with the petitioner’s alleged mental deficiencies and the
medications he was taking to address those maladies, that counsel performed deficiently
by advising the petitioner to plead guilty, that counsel should not have enlisted the
petitioner’s wife and children to coerce him to plead guilty, that counsel failed to
adequately explain the elements of the charged offenses prior to the petitioner’s pleading
guilty, and that these errors resulted in his entering unknowing and involuntary pleas.
Additionally, the petitioner claimed that he was taking medications at the time he
rendered his plea that affected his ability to understand the proceeding. Any of these
claims, if taken as true, would entitle the petitioner to post-conviction relief. The post-
conviction court concluded that, based upon its review of the record, the petitioner’s
claims were without merit. The merit of the petitioner’s claims, however, could not have
been appropriately assessed without evidence that obviously would not be in the record
of the proceedings. The purpose of an evidentiary hearing is to allow the post-conviction
petitioner to present evidence in support of the factual allegations made in his petition.
Because the record establishes that the petitioner stated colorable claims for
post-conviction relief, the judgment of the post-conviction court must be reversed and the
case remanded for an evidentiary hearing on his petition at which the petitioner must be
afforded the opportunity to call witnesses and present evidence in support of his
allegations.
The petitioner also contends that once Judge Hollars recused herself, she
was without authority to ask Judge Wootten to preside by interchange. We agree.
Supreme Court Rule 10B provides, as is pertinent here, as follows:
A judge who recuses himself or herself, whether on the
Court’s own initiative or on motion of a party, shall not
participate in selecting his or her successor, absent the
agreement of all parties. With the agreement of all parties to
the case, the judge may seek an interchange in accordance
with Tenn. Sup. Ct. R. 11, § VII(c)(1). Otherwise, the
presiding judge of the court shall effect an interchange in
accordance with Tenn. Sup. Ct. R. 11, § VII(c)(2) or (3). If
an interchange cannot be effected, or if the presiding judge is
the recused judge, the presiding judge shall request the
designation of a judge by the Chief Justice, pursuant to Tenn.
Sup. Ct. R. 11, § VII(c)(4).
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Tenn. Sup. Ct. Rule 10B, § 1.04 (emphasis added). Because Judge Hollars had recused
herself, Rule 10B required that she ask the Chief Justice to designate a judge to preside
over the petitioner’s case. Upon remand, therefore, the presiding judge of the 13th
Judicial District shall request designation of a judge to preside over the petitioner’s case.
Accordingly, the judgment of the post-conviction court is reversed, and the
case is remanded for the designation of a judge to preside over the petitioner’s case and
for an evidentiary hearing on the petition for post-conviction relief.
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JAMES CURWOOD WITT, JR., JUDGE
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