Richard Madkins v. State of Tennessee

IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
AT JACKSON
Assigned on Briefs September 7, 2011
RICHARD MADKINS v. HENRY STEWARD, WARDEN
Appeal from the Circuit Court for Lauderdale County
No. 6460 Joseph H. Walker, III, Judge
No. W2011-00663-CCA-R3-HC - Filed November 30, 2011
The petitioner, Richard Madkins, appeals the Lauderdale County Circuit Court’s dismissal
of his petition for writ of habeas corpus, arguing that he is being illegally restrained because
his sentence is void and expired. Following our review, we affirm the summary dismissal
of the petition.
Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Circuit Court Affirmed
A LAN E. G LENN, J., delivered the opinion of the Court, in which T HOMAS T. W OODALL and
J EFFREY S. B IVINS, JJ., joined.
Richard Madkins, Henning, Tennessee, Pro Se.
Robert E. Cooper, Jr., Attorney General and Reporter; and Meredith Devault, Senior
Counsel, for the appellee, State of Tennessee.
OPINION
FACTS
The record in this case is lengthy and confusing. We discern the background of this
case from the petitioner’s various pleadings and the prior opinions of this court and the
Tennessee Supreme Court regarding the petitioner’s other filings. On May 23, 1985, in case
number 84-04503, the petitioner was convicted of assault with intent to commit robbery by
use of a deadly weapon and was sentenced to eighteen years in the Department of
Correction. He was released on supervised parole on January 10, 1991 and, while on such,
committed offenses which resulted in especially aggravated robbery and attempted felony
murder convictions on October 5, 1994. He was sentenced to consecutive terms of sixty
years for each offense. On appeal to the Tennessee Supreme Court, the court affirmed the
petitioner’s conviction for especially aggravated robbery but reversed his conviction for
attempted felony murder, holding that the offense of attempted felony murder did not exist
in Tennessee. See State v. Madkins, 989 S.W.2d 697, 699 (Tenn. 1999). The matter was
remanded for trial on the charge of attempted second degree murder, if the State so elected
to proceed. See Richard Madkins v. State, No. W2003-02937-CCA-R3-PC, 2004 WL
2290498, at *1 (Tenn. Crim. App. Oct. 8, 2004).
On January 4, 2002, the petitioner filed a petition for writ of habeas corpus in the
Davidson County Criminal Court challenging the legality of some of his 1984 and 1985
convictions that were used to enhance his 1994 especially aggravated robbery sentence. On
April 24, 2002, the Davidson County Criminal Court granted habeas relief, finding the
sentences in case numbers 84-04938, 84-04939, 85-00678, 85-00679, 85-00680, and 85-
00681 were void and remanding the case to the Shelby County Criminal Court for further
action. On May 14, 2002, the petitioner filed a petition for post-conviction relief,
challenging his 1994 sentence for especially aggravated robbery in light of the Davidson
County Criminal Court’s having found that six of the prior convictions used to enhance that
sentence were void. The State agreed, and, on September 17 or 19,1 2002, the Shelby
County Criminal Court granted post-conviction relief as to the petitioner’s sentence only,
and the matter was remanded to the trial court for resentencing.
On December 12, 2002, the petitioner filed an “amendment” to his original post-
conviction petition, objecting to the September 17 or 19 order for resentencing because the
“punishment [was] not known to or contemplated by convicting jurors [and would]
constitut[e] prejudice to [the] judicial process[.]” He filed a second “amendment” on
January 24, 2003, alleging he received the ineffective assistance of counsel. On February
21, 2003, the post-conviction court dismissed the amendments, finding that the trial court
no longer had jurisdiction over any amendments as relief had been granted on September
19, 2002, and that any additional claims were barred by the statute of limitations.
On November 4, 2003, the trial court resentenced the petitioner to twenty-five years
on the especially aggravated robbery conviction, acting under the authority of the September
17 or 19 grant of post-conviction relief. He was given pretrial jail credit from September
27, 1993. The petitioner appealed the resentencing judgment, and this court held that the
petitioner failed to establish that he was entitled to relief.
On February 25, 2005, the petitioner filed another petition for writ of habeas corpus
and demanded release from custody. In that petition, he claimed that the fourteen-month
period between the September 2002 order regarding his sixty-year sentence and the actual
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Previous court opinions and the record before us are not consistent as to the correct date.
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resentencing on November 4, 2003, stripped the court of jurisdiction to sentence him,
rendering the twenty-five-year sentence void. On appeal from the habeas court’s dismissal
of his petition, this court concluded that “[t]he petitioner’s personal beliefs notwithstanding,
the law does not entitle him to immediate release or further habeas corpus relief.” Richard
Madkins v. State of Tennessee and Ricky Bell, Warden, No. M2005-02873-CCA-R3-HC,
2007 WL 595711, *3 (Tenn. Crim. App. Feb. 26, 2007), perm. to appeal denied (Tenn. June
18, 2007).
Evidently, the petitioner was informed in late 2010 and early 2011 that he was serving
an effective sentence of forty-three years: eighteen years in the assault with intent to commit
robbery by use of a deadly weapon case and twenty-five years in the especially aggravated
robbery case, which were to be served consecutively. He was informed that his sentences
were set to expire on November 8, 2023.
The petitioner filed the instant petition for habeas corpus relief on February 17, 2011.
The habeas court summarily dismissed the petition on February 18, 2011, finding that the
petitioner failed to prove that his sentence had expired and that the trial court had authority
and jurisdiction to sentence him to the sentence he received. The petitioner appealed.
ANALYSIS
Whether the petitioner is entitled to habeas corpus relief is a question of law.
Summers v. State, 212 S.W.3d 251, 255 (Tenn. 2007); Hart v. State, 21 S.W.3d 901, 903
(Tenn. 2000). As such, our review is de novo with no presumption of correctness given to
the trial court's findings and conclusions. Id.
It is well-established in Tennessee that the remedy provided by a writ of habeas
corpus is limited in scope and may only be invoked where the judgment is void or the
petitioner’s term of imprisonment has expired. Faulkner v. State, 226 S.W.3d 358, 361
(Tenn. 2007); State v. Ritchie, 20 S.W.3d 624, 629 (Tenn. 2000); State v. Davenport, 980
S.W.2d 407, 409 (Tenn. Crim. App. 1998). A void, as opposed to a voidable, judgment is
“one that is facially invalid because the court did not have the statutory authority to render
such judgment.” Summers, 212 S.W.3d at 256 (citing Dykes v. Compton, 978 S.W.2d 528,
529 (Tenn. 1998)). A petitioner bears the burden of establishing a void judgment or illegal
confinement by a preponderance of the evidence. Wyatt v. State, 24 S.W.3d 319, 322
(Tenn. 2000). Furthermore, when “a habeas corpus petition fails to establish that a judgment
is void, a trial court may dismiss the petition without a hearing.” Summers, 212 S.W.3d at
260 (citing Hogan v. Mills, 168 S.W.3d 753, 755 (Tenn. 2005)).
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As we understand his argument in this appeal, the petitioner asserts that his eighteen-
year sentence expired on June 8, 2000 and, because he was not resentenced until November
4, 2003, he should have been released from custody and his twenty-five-year sentence is
void.
A panel of this court, on a previous habeas petition by the petitioner, already
determined that the trial court had jurisdiction to resentence the petitioner to twenty-five
years in the especially aggravated robbery case and that the sentence was not void. Madkins,
2004 WL 2290498, at *2. Candace Whisman of the Tennessee Department of Correction
provided a detailed affidavit concerning the calculation and expiration of the petitioner’s
sentences, showing the expiration of the effective forty-three-year sentence being November
8, 2023. Even though the eighteen-year portion of the petitioner’s sentence expired June 8,
2000, the sentence in the especially aggravated robbery case was to begin at the expiration
of the previous case and be served consecutively to it. The petitioner has failed to establish
either a void judgment or an illegal confinement by a preponderance of the evidence.
CONCLUSION
Based on the foregoing authorities and reasoning, we affirm the summary dismissal
of the petition for writ of habeas corpus.
_________________________________
ALAN E. GLENN, JUDGE
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