Mark Medley v. State of Tennessee

IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
AT NASHVILLE
Assigned on Briefs June 21, 2005
MARK MEDLEY v. STATE OF TENNESSEE
Direct Appeal from the Circuit Court for Rutherford County
No. F-54364 James K. Clayton, Jr., Judge
No. M2005-00295-CCA-R3-PC - Filed August 11, 2005
The petitioner, Mark Medley, appeals from the Rutherford County Circuit Court’s denial of post-
conviction relief. In his petition, and now in this appeal, he alleges that he entered an involuntary
guilty plea based upon the ineffective assistance of counsel. For the reasons set forth in this opinion,
we affirm the judgment of the trial court.
Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Circuit Court Affirmed
J.C. MCLIN , J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which GARY R. WADE, P.J., and JOSEPH M.
TIPTON , J., joined.
Richard T. Roney, Murfreesboro, Tennessee, for the appellant, Mark Medley.
Paul G. Summers, Attorney General and Reporter; Renee W. Turner, Assistant Attorney General;
William C. Whitesell, Jr., District Attorney General; and Laurel A. Nutt, Assistant District Attorney
General, for the appellee, State of Tennessee.
OPINION
Facts and Procedural History
On March 12, 2003, the petitioner pled guilty to rape of a child, a Class A felony. The trial
court imposed a twenty-year sentence at 100%. Pursuant to a plea agreement, the sentence was
ordered to be served concurrently with a fifteen-year sentence that the petitioner had recently
received for the same charge in another county. The facts underlying the offense were summarized
at the plea hearing as follows:
The facts of this case are prior to the end of the school year in the year 2002, [the
petitioner] digitally penetrated, constituting rape of a child, an 11 year-old victim in
his bed at his residence. He then told her to remove her panties and to get on her
knees and video taped her while touching her butt . . . .
The following colloquy occurred at the plea hearing:
[The court] . . . do you understand you have a right to enter a not
guilty plea and have a jury trial in this case?
[The petitioner] Yes, Your Honor.
....
[Counsel] . . . What did I tell you the maximum sentence
depending on what your prior criminal record was?
[The petitioner] 60
[Counsel] 60 years. But in light of your prior record, you are probably
looking at a 15 to 25 year sentence, correct?
[The petitioner] Yes, sir.
....
[Counsel] . . . did I do everything that you requested me to do?
[The petitioner] Yes, sir.
....
[Counsel] Is there anything at all that I have not done that you
wanted me to do?
[The petitioner] No, sir.
[Counsel] Are you satisfied with the way that I have handled your case?
[The petitioner] Completely.
....
[The court] . . . you do understand that you are entering a plea of
guilty to rape of a child with a 20 year sentence at 100
percent. And why are you entering this plea, sir?
-2-
[The petitioner] I figured it would be in the best interest on my behalf and on
behalf of the victim and the family.
[The court] Okay. Feel like it is in your best interest?
[The petitioner] Yeah.
[The court] Has anyone forced you or coerced you into entering this plea?
[The petitioner] No, sir.
[The court] You are entering it freely and voluntarily?
[The petitioner] Yes, sir.
[The court] You are not here under the influence of any drugs or
intoxicants or anything that would cause you not to
understand what’s going on today, are you?
[The petitioner] No, sir.
[The court] You feel like you fully understand what you are doing?
[The petitioner] Yes, sir.
[The court] Is this what you want to do?
[The petitioner] Yes, sir.
On July 21, 2003, the petitioner filed a petition for post-conviction relief in which he alleged
that he received the ineffective assistance of counsel and entered an involuntary plea. At a
subsequent hearing on the petition, he testified that his statements at the plea hearing were
intentional lies, uttered in fear of his previous record and recent conviction for child rape “getting
brought to light here, [and] because [he] didn’t want [the court] to run [the two sentences]
consecutive . . . .” He explained, “[counsel] told me I could get 60 years, and I believed him. And
in light of 60 years, I took the 20.”
The petitioner alleged that, in addition to the sentence potential, he did not understand the
elements of rape, so as to enter a knowledgeable plea. The petitioner averred that he would have
“opted” for trial had counsel adequately explained the offense. However, the State questioned the
veracity of the petitioner’s ignorance of the charge by cross-examining him on the fact that he had
just recently pled guilty to rape of a child and had also pled guilty as a juvenile to digital rape “of a
little girl . . . . Same as in this case.”
-3-
The petitioner next argued that counsel did not familiarize himself with the facts or law in
relation to the case. The petitioner stated, “[T]here was no proof in there that actual penetration had
occurred. There was only a statement . . . . There was no medical reports.” However, the State
elicited testimony from the petitioner that he pled guilty to this offense despite knowing that there
was no physical or medical evidence against him. Eventually, he admitted that his decision to plead
guilty was based upon his fear of the jury imposing a harsher sentence. The petitioner also admitted
to writing an “apology” letter to the victim and discussing the possibility of its suppression with
counsel.
Counsel testified that he had been with the public defender’s office for “12 or 13 years now”
and had represented “probably over 100” sex offenders. Counsel stated, “I usually not only inform
[clients] on what the law is. But in these type of cases, oftentimes I make copies of the statutes
regarding the law and share it with them and go over it with them . . . .” Counsel acknowledged that
he gave the petitioner “all the options,” “talked to him about the apology letter,” and spoke with the
petitioner about the lack of medical evidence. Counsel stated that the petitioner “was aware that this
case turned on his testimony and the child’s testimony.”
Counsel admitted that he had never requested to interview the child before the petitioner pled
guilty. However, he stated that the mother and the detective involved in the case did interview the
child and that he had reviewed a copy of the incident report. Counsel stated:
We discussed the discrepancies in this report from the officer that wrote this report.
That there were different discrepancies. That at one point in time she tells somebody
that there wasn’t penetration. And then later on she tells someone - - the mother
comes back and says that there was penetration. And we discussed that in our
discussions at the jail.
....
We also discussed the lesser charge of aggravated sexual battery. If the jury
believed that there was no penetration, that that would be a B Felony at 100 percent,
which would carry 8 to 12 years at 100 percent.
Before denying post-conviction relief, the trial court stated, “I do have a real problem with
[the petitioner’s] credibility. And I am sorry about that . . . . But when you testify that you swore
under oath and lied to this Court at least twice previously, I have trouble believing what you state
under oath here today.” The trial court then reiterated the petitioner’s statements at the guilty plea
hearing, stating that such were “diametrically opposed” to the allegations of his petition, and denied
post-conviction relief. The petitioner now brings this appeal.
Analysis
-4-
In order to succeed on a post-conviction claim, the petitioner bears the burden of establishing
the allegations set forth in his petition by clear and convincing evidence. Tenn. Code Ann. § 40-30-
110(f). To support a claim for ineffective assistance of counsel, the petitioner must show that his
counsel’s performance fell below the range of competence demanded of attorneys in criminal cases.
Baxter v. Rose, 523 S.W.2d 930, 936 (Tenn. 1975). This showing requires evidence that (1)
counsel’s performance was deficient and (2) the deficiency prejudiced the defense. Strickland v.
Washington, 466 U.S. 668, 687 (1984); State v. Burns, 6 S.W.3d 453, 461 (Tenn. 1999). To satisfy
the prejudice prong in the context of a guilty plea, the petitioner “must show that there is a
reasonable probability that, but for counsel’s errors, he would not have pleaded guilty and would
have insisted on going to trial.” Hill v. Lockhart, 474 U.S. 52, 59 (1985).
The underlying issues in claims of ineffective assistance of counsel are regarded as mixed
questions of law and fact. Burns, 6 S.W.3d at 461. As such, our review is de novo with a
presumption of correctness given to the trial court’s findings of fact unless the evidence
preponderates otherwise. Fields v. State, 40 S.W.3d 450, 458 (Tenn. 2001).
In the present case, much of the petitioner’s ineffective assistance of counsel claim is
undercut by his own testimony at the post-conviction hearing. The petitioner admitted that counsel
met with him to discuss the case and the possibility of suppressing his incriminatory letter.
Furthermore, he discredited his own testimony and ineffective assistance of counsel claim by stating
that his assertions at the plea hearing were lies and the reason he pled guilty was, in fact, because he
feared his prior record would get “brought to light here” and justify a greater sentence or consecutive
sentences.
The petitioner’s remaining argument is that counsel should have performed a more thorough
investigation. At the post-conviction hearing, counsel admitted that he did not interview the child
before the petitioner pled guilty. Obviously, the representation of a criminal defendant entails certain
basic duties. Fundamental to effective representation of an accused is the duty of an attorney to
conduct reasonable investigations, both factual and legal, to determine what matters of defense can
be developed. See Strickland, 466 U.S. at 690-91. Ordinarily, such investigations should include
every effort to interview witnesses, particularly the victim of the offense, so as to adequately advise
the defendant. See Baxter, 523 S.W.2d at 933. However, in this case, both the petitioner and
counsel possessed the facts underlying the offense. The trial court accredited counsel’s testimony
that he specifically discussed the potential discrepancies in the child’s statements as evidenced in
the incident report with the petitioner and that the petitioner “was aware that this case turned on his
testimony and the child’s testimony.” Moreover, the petitioner admitted that he pled guilty to this
offense despite knowing that there was no physical or mental evidence against him.
Even if failing to interview the victim did exemplify deficient performance, the petitioner
must still show that, but for the deficiency, “he would not have pleaded guilty and would have
insisted on going to trial.” Hill, 474 U.S. at 59. The record reflects that the petitioner repeatedly
assured the trial court at his guilty plea hearing that he was well aware of the rights he was forfeiting
by pleading guilty, he was satisfied with the representation of counsel, and he was freely and
-5-
voluntarily pleading guilty. This Court simply cannot conclude that the petitioner did not understand
the consequences of his guilty plea, the elements of the offense of child rape, or the potential
sentence of this crime for which he had twice before pled guilty.
Additionally, there is no proof in the record to indicate that the petitioner would not have pled
guilty if counsel had interviewed the victim. As stated, both the petitioner and counsel possessed
the facts underlying the offense. Nevertheless, the petitioner chose to plead guilty in order to avoid
consecutive sentencing. We conclude that this decision was knowingly and voluntary. This issue
is without merit.
Conclusion
Accordingly, we affirm the judgment of the trial court.
____________________________________
J.C. McLIN, JUDGE
-6-