Calvin Kinzer v. State of Tennessee

10/31/2018
IN THE COURT OF CRIMINAL APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
AT NASHVILLE
Assigned on Briefs September 19, 2018
CALVIN KINZER v. STATE OF TENNESSEE
Appeal from the Circuit Court for Maury County
No. 24971 Stella L. Hargrove, Judge
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No. M2018-00159-CCA-R3-PC
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The Petitioner appeals the post-conviction court’s summary dismissal of his petition for
post-conviction relief based on the post-conviction court’s finding that the Petitioner
failed to state a colorable claim. On appeal, the Petitioner argues that the post-conviction
court erred in dismissing his pro se petition without appointing counsel or holding an
evidentiary hearing, and the State concedes that the post-conviction court erred. After a
review of the record and applicable law, we reverse the judgment of the post-conviction
court and remand for the appointment of counsel and for an evidentiary hearing.
Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Circuit Court Reversed;
Remanded
JOHN EVERETT WILLIAMS, P.J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which TIMOTHY L.
EASTER and J. ROSS DYER, JJ., joined.
Calvin Kinzer, Pikeville, Tennessee, pro se.
Herbert H. Slatery III, Attorney General and Reporter; Clark B. Thornton, Assistant
Attorney General; and Brent Cooper, District Attorney General, for the appellee, State of
Tennessee.
OPINION
FACTUAL AND PROCEDURAL HISTORY
The Petitioner pleaded guilty to possession of over 0.5 grams of cocaine with
intent to sell and to a reduced charge of being a felon in possession of a handgun. The
trial court sentenced the Petitioner to serve an effective term of twelve years in prison.
The Petitioner timely filed a pro se petition for post-conviction relief, alleging that his
conviction was the result of evidence seized in violation of the Fourth Amendment and
that he was denied the effective assistance of counsel as guaranteed by both the United
States and Tennessee Constitutions. The Petitioner asserted five factual grounds to
support his ineffective assistance of counsel claim. He claimed that trial counsel: (1)
failed to delay his case until the resolution of a pending murder case, which the State
ultimately dismissed; (2) coerced him into entering a plea agreement; (3) failed to file a
motion to suppress the evidence; (4) failed to argue that the drug and gun charges should
have been consolidated with the then-pending murder case; and (5) failed to properly
investigate the case.
The post-conviction court dismissed the petition for lack of a colorable claim. The
post-conviction court relied on the plea colloquy and found that the trial court insured
that the Petitioner entered the plea “freely, knowingly, voluntarily and understandingly.”
The Petitioner timely filed this appeal, arguing that the post-conviction court erred by
failing to appoint counsel and conduct an evidentiary hearing.
ANALYSIS
This court reviews a post-conviction court’s summary dismissal of a post-
conviction proceeding de novo. See Burnett v. State, 92 S.W.3d 403, 406 (Tenn. 2002).
Post-conviction relief is available to petitioners for any conviction or sentence that is
“void or voidable because of the abridgment of any right guaranteed by the Constitution
of Tennessee or the Constitution of the United States.” T.C.A. § 40-30-103. The post-
conviction court must determine whether the petition asserts a colorable claim. See Tenn.
Sup. Ct. R. 28 § 6(B)(2)-(3). A colorable claim is a claim “that, if taken as true, in the
light most favorable to the petitioner, would entitle the petitioner to relief.” Tenn. Sup.
Ct. R. 28 § 2(H). The Post-Conviction Procedure Act requires that petitions “must
contain a clear and specific statement of all grounds upon which relief is sought,
including full disclosure of the factual basis for those grounds.” T.C.A. § 40-30-106(d).
In determining whether a petitioner asserts a colorable claim, “pro se petitions are to be
held to less stringent standards than formal pleadings drafted by lawyers.” Gable v.
State, 836 S.W.2d 558, 559-60 (Tenn. 1992) (internal quotations omitted); see T.C.A. §
40-30-106(d) (allowing a judge to order the filing of an amended pro se petition if the
petition fails to state the factual basis of the claim). If the petition states a colorable
claim, the post-conviction court must enter a preliminary order appointing counsel and
set an evidentiary hearing. Arnold v. State, 143 S.W.3d 784, 786 (Tenn. 2004) (citing
T.C.A. § 40-30-207(a), (b)(1) (1997)).
The Petitioner alleges that he received ineffective assistance of counsel.
Accordingly, the Petitioner must allege facts that show: (1) that counsel’s performance
was deficient; and (2) that the deficient performance caused the defendant to be
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prejudiced. See Arnold, 143 S.W.3d at 787 (citing Strickland v. Washington, 466 U.S.
668, 687 (1984)). The Petitioner stated a factual basis in his petition alleging that trial
counsel was deficient and maintained that he would not have accepted the guilty plea but
for trial counsel’s deficiencies.
The post-conviction court found that when the Petitioner entered the plea
agreement, the plea colloquy insured that the Petitioner entered the plea “freely,
knowingly, voluntarily, and understandingly.” However, as this court has previously
held, “a post-conviction court cannot make factual determinations or determine the
ultimate question when making a preliminary determination as to whether a post-
conviction petition states a colorable claim.” State v. John Pierce Lankford, M2015-
00676-CCA-R3-CD, 2016 WL 3402527, at *3 (Tenn. Crim. App. June 14, 2016)
(concluding that a post-conviction court erred when it dismissed a petition for post-
conviction relief for the failure to state a colorable claim when the petitioner claimed he
did not enter his guilty pleas knowingly and voluntarily); see generally Lane v. State, 316
S.W.3d 555 (Tenn. 2010) (analyzing the merits of petitioner’s claim for post-conviction
relief based on the argument that he did not enter into a plea agreement knowingly and
voluntarily when the trial court engaged in a thorough plea colloquy and the petitioner
stated that he understood the consequences of entering a guilty plea). As the State
concedes, the Petitioner’s petition asserts a colorable claim.
CONCLUSION
The decision of the post-conviction court is hereby reversed, and this case is
remanded for the appointment of counsel and an evidentiary hearing.
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JOHN EVERTT WILLIAMS, PRESIDING JUDGE
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