In Re: Estate Of Mary Ruth Davis Hudson

02/04/2019
IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
AT KNOXVILLE
December 4, 2018 Session
IN RE ESTATE OF MARY RUTH DAVIS HUDSON
Appeal from the Chancery Court for Knox County
No. 77688-2 Clarence E. Pridemore, Jr., Chancellor
No. E2018-00583-COA-R3-CV
In this estate proceeding, the appellants, three of the five adult children of the decedent,
appeal the probate court’s interpretation of the decedent’s last will and testament as
demonstrating the decedent’s intent to have her real property administered as part of her
estate by her personal representative. Having determined that the probate court’s order
was premature due to ongoing proceedings in the decedent’s conservatorship case, we
vacate the probate court’s order interpreting the last will and testament. We remand for
further proceedings consistent with this opinion.
Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Chancery Court
Vacated; Case Remanded
THOMAS R. FRIERSON, II, J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which D. MICHAEL
SWINEY, C.J., and J. STEVEN STAFFORD, P.J., W.S., joined.
Marilyn L. Hudson, Knoxville, Tennessee, Pro Se and for co-appellants, Stephen D.
Hudson and Lou Ann Hudson.
Steven K. Bowling, Knoxville, Tennessee, for the appellee, Steven K. Bowling,
Administrator C.T.A. for the Estate of Mary Ruth Davis Hudson.
Harry E. Hudson, Jr., Stockton, California, Pro Se appellee.1
1
Upon an unopposed motion filed by appellee Carol S. Hudson, represented by Keith H. Burroughs and
Rameen J. Nasrollahi of Knoxville, Tennessee, this Court granted permission for Carol S. Hudson to be
dismissed as a party in an order entered on December 6, 2018.
OPINION
I. Factual and Procedural Background
The decedent, Mary Ruth Davis Hudson (“Decedent”), died on May 2, 2016, at
the age of ninety-two. At the time of her death, Decedent had five living adult children,
who were all named as beneficiaries in her last will and testament (“the Will”), which had
been executed on May 7, 2014. Decedent’s eldest child, Harry E. Hudson, Jr. (“Harry
Hudson”), was named as personal representative in the Will and filed a petition to
probate the Will in the Probate Division of the Knox County Chancery Court (“probate
court”) on May 18, 2016. In the petition, Harry Hudson stated, inter alia, that “Article
Five of decedent’s Will requires that the decedent’s real estate be handled as property
subject to decedent’s Will.” Decedent’s real property consisted of a home and residential
lot located at 4601 Millertown Pike in Knoxville (“the Property”). The appellants in the
instant action are three of Decedent’s children: Marilyn L. Hudson (“Marilyn Hudson”),
Stephen D. Hudson (“Stephen Hudson”), and Lou Ann Hudson (collectively,
“Appellants”). Acting through then-counsel Andrea C. Anderson and Marshall H.
Peterson, Appellants filed a response to the petition, objecting to the appointment of
Harry Hudson as personal representative, nominating Marilyn Hudson as personal
representative, and asserting, inter alia, that “[t]he Will does not specifically subject the
real property to the Executor’s control pursuant to Tenn. Code Ann. Section § 31-2-103.”
At the time of the probate petition’s filing, Decedent’s children were embroiled in
a dispute over Decedent’s conservatorship, particularly with regard to the final
accounting and payment of attorney’s fees. See In re Conservatorship of Hudson, No.
E2017-00810-COA-R3-CV, 2018 WL 3814850 (Tenn. Ct. App. Aug. 10, 2018). As
noted in this Court’s opinion concerning the conservatorship, Harry Hudson resides in
Stockton, California, and is an attorney practicing law in California while Marilyn
Hudson is an attorney practicing law in Tennessee. See id. at *1. During the
conservatorship proceedings, Decedent’s youngest child, Carol S. Hudson (“Carol
Hudson”), had joined with Harry Hudson in opposing the original petition to establish a
conservatorship, which had been filed by Appellants. Id. The Knox County Chancery
Court (“conservatorship court”) established the conservatorship, appointing Lou Ann
Hudson as the conservator over Decedent’s person and, eventually, the East Tennessee
Human Resources Agency (“ETHRA”) as the conservator over Decedent’s finances. Id.
Following Decedent’s death, the conservatorship court entered an order
transferring Appellants’ outstanding motions for attorney’s fees to the probate court and
closing the conservatorship without making findings of fact concerning Appellants’
objections to the final accounting. Id. Upon Appellants’ appeal of the conservatorship
court’s judgment, this Court vacated the judgment and remanded to the conservatorship
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court “for entry of findings of fact and conclusions of law concerning the petitioners’
objections to the final accounting and concerning whether the attorney’s fees requested in
the petitioners’ counsel’s pending attorney’s fee motions were incurred in relation to the
conservatorship and, if so, whether reasonable attorney’s fees should be granted upon
each of these motions.” Id. This Court also directed the conservatorship court to enter an
order on remand to grant Appellants’ request that ETHRA “present a detailed explanation
of the basis for its representative’s claim for fees and expenses for the conservatorship
court’s consideration . . . .” Id. During oral argument in this appeal in the probate action,
the parties clarified that the conservatorship proceedings were still pending on remand.
Meanwhile, in the instant action, the probate court entered an agreed order on
September 13, 2016, admitting the Will to probate and appointing attorney Steven K.
Bowling as administrator, C.T.A. (“Administrator”).2 The probate court also admitted a
holographic “Property List,” executed by the Decedent as a codicil and setting forth
Decedent’s desired distribution of specific items of personal property. The codicil was
accompanied by three affidavits attesting to the authenticity of Decedent’s handwriting,
executed respectively by Harry Hudson, Stephen Hudson, and Carol Hudson. The
authenticity of the Will and codicil is not in dispute.
Upon Appellants’ motion, the probate court entered an order on December 9,
2016, substituting Marilyn Hudson in place of Mr. Peterson to represent herself pro se
and as counsel for Stephen Hudson and Lou Ann Hudson. Following various claims filed
against Decedent’s estate (“the Estate”), including several concerning attorney’s fees
purportedly incurred in relation to the conservatorship, Administrator filed a “Motion for
Disposition of Real Property” on May 22, 2017. In his motion, Administrator stated that
the Property had been recently valued by a real estate agent at $122,500.00, although the
appraised value had been increased to $162,700.00. Administrator noted that considering
the claims outstanding against the Estate, it was “entirely possible” that the Estate would
become insolvent. Administrator requested that upon interpretation of Article V of the
Will, the probate court either allow the sale of the Property or the conveyance of title to
the Property jointly to Decedent’s beneficiaries.
2
As this Court has explained:
“C.T.A.” is an acronym for cum testamento annexo, meaning “with the will annexed.”
See In re Estate of Hendrickson, No. M2008-01332-COA-R9-CV, 2009 WL 499495, at
*2 n.2 (Tenn. Ct. App. Feb. 25, 2009) (citation omitted). An Administrator C.T.A. is
appointed by a court “when the testator has named no executor, or the executors named
refuse, are incompetent to act, or have died before performing their duties.” Black’s Law
Dictionary 49 (8th ed. 2004).
In re Estate of Link, No. M2016-02202-COA-R3-CV, 2017 WL 4457591, at *1 n.1 (Tenn. Ct. App. Oct.
5, 2017).
3
While Administrator in his motion for disposition focused on the construction of
Article V of the Will, the clerk and master in his report and the parties on appeal have
also emphasized the construction of Articles Two, Four, and Seven. In relevant part, the
Will provides:
ARTICLE TWO
I direct that all my just debts, taxes, and expenses of the
administration of my estate be paid without unnecessary delay by my
Personal Representative hereinafter named and appointed out of the residue
of my estate. However, payment shall be authorized only for those debts
which are valid and enforceable and not subject to any defense, substantive
or procedural. It shall not be necessary to file any claims therefore nor to
have them allowed by any Court. In the event that my residuary estate is
insufficient to pay such debts, expenses, costs and taxes, I direct that the
amount in excess of my residuary estate shall be paid from assets in the
order provided by law.
***
ARTICLE FOUR
Notwithstanding anything contained herein to the contrary, certain
specific articles of personal property shall be distributed in accordance with
the provisions of a certain list written entirely in my handwriting and signed
by me which is attached hereto and is incorporated herein by reference, and
I direct that my Personal Representative distribute these items in
accordance with my handwritten request.
ARTICLE FIVE
I direct that all my remaining assets are to be liquidated, and I give,
devise, and bequeath all the remaining property that I may own at the time
of my death whether real, personal, mixed, tangible, and intangible of
whatsoever nature and wherever situated including all property that I may
acquire or become entitled to after the execution of this Will to my
children, HARRY E. HUDSON, JR., MARILYN L. HUDSON, STEPHEN
D. HUDSON, LOU ANN HUDSON, and CAROL S. HUDSON, in equal
shares. If any of them should die before me, then I give his or her share to
the survivors of them in equal shares.
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***
ARTICLE SEVEN
I confer upon my Personal Representative full power to do any act,
matter, or thing that I might or could do if living and acting on my own
behalf and exercise any and all powers of such fiduciary enumerated in
Tennessee Code Annotated as amended to the date of my death. . . .
As noted in the clerk and master’s report, the codicil “sets forth thirty (30) individually
numbered specific paragraphs, all written in the decedent’s hand and signed by her on
June 12, 2014, itemizing the distributions of personal property to be made to specifically
named family members.”
Following a hearing conducted on July 13, 2017, the trial court entered an agreed
order on August 4, 2017, inter alia, setting the motion for disposition of the Property for
hearing on August 21, 2017, and memorializing an agreed deadline for written objections
to the motion of July 31, 2017. In a response filed on July 31, 2017, Appellants
requested that the trial court deny the motion insofar as Administrator sought authority to
liquidate the Property and grant the motion insofar as Administrator sought to convey
title of the Property to Decedent’s children. Relying on Tennessee Code Annotated § 31-
2-103, Appellants argued that “the real property immediately vested in the named
beneficiaries in equal shares and that the Will did not grant authority to the Administrator
to sell said property.” Appellants also asserted that any statement as to potential
insolvency of the Estate was premature.
Acting through her individual counsel, Keith H. Burroughs, Carol Hudson also
filed a response to Administrator’s motion on July 31, 2017. Harry Hudson then filed a
pro se response to the motion on August 15, 2017. In contrast to Appellants, both Carol
Hudson and Harry Hudson argued in favor of interpreting the Will as providing for the
liquidation of the Property under Administrator’s authority.
Clerk and Master Howard G. Hogan conducted the hearing on August 21, 2017,
with Administrator, Appellants, and Carol Hudson and her counsel appearing. Harry
Hudson did not appear. On August 31, 2017, the clerk and master submitted a “Master’s
Report,” concluding that “the language and phrases in the will and codicil demonstrate
that the decedent intended that her residence be administered as part of her estate subject
to the personal representative’s control and that she did not intend the title to her
residence to vest immediately in her children.” Specifically in response to Appellants’
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argument that Decedent’s real property vested in her beneficiaries at the time of her
death, the clerk and master stated:
The Clerk and Master has considered the argument and authority from
[Appellants] who assert and argue that title vested in them at death by the
words in Article Five which provide “I give, devise and bequeath all the
remaining property that I may own at the time of my death whether real,
personal, mixed, tangible, and intangible of whatsoever nature and
wherever situated including all property that I may acquire or become
entitled to after the execution of this will to my children . . . in equal
shares.” However, such construction totally disregards the beginning
preceding phrase “I direct that all my remaining assets are to be liquidated”
and fails to take into consideration all of the other Articles of the will or the
codicil. Respectfully, the decedent’s entire will must be considered and the
entire testamentary scheme and dominant purpose of the decedent
expressed in Article Two, Article Four, Article Six, Article Seven and the
codicil is to distribute the tangible personal property as directed and then to
“liquidate” the remainder to reduce it to cash and divide the estate into five
(5) equal shares after paying the claims and debts of the estate.
In his report, the clerk and master recommended that the trial court enter an order
providing:
(1) That Article Five of the decedent’s will shall be construed and
interpreted as follows:
I hereby direct that after distribution of my tangible
personal property under the above Article Four and the
handwritten list, my personal representative shall sell
and liquidate all of the rest and remainder of my
property, including my residence and any other real,
personal, mixed, tangible, and intangible property of
whatsoever nature and wheresoever situated, including
any property that I may acquire or become entitled to
after the execution of this will, and for the purpose of
reducing my remaining estate to liquid form, I
specifically direct that any real property be
administered as part of my probate estate subject to the
control of the personal representative for the purposes
of administration as authorized by T.C.A. § 31-2-103
and that my personal representative shall have such
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power of sale as I have as the absolute owner would
have, including the right to sell, mortgage, lease or
otherwise convey any interest in real estate without the
signature, consent or approval of any heir, legatee,
beneficiary, court or other person as set out in T.C.A. §
35-50-110 as hereinafter incorporated and after
liquidating all assets and after paying all the claims,
debts and expenses in my estate as provided in Article
Two, my personal representative is directed to divide
the remaining amounts into five (5) equal shares for
distribution to my children, [Harry] E. Hudson, Jr.,
Marilyn L. Hudson, Stephen D. Hudson, Lou Ann
Hudson and Carol S. Hudson, and if any of my
children should die before me, then I give his or her
share to the survivors of them in equal shares.
(2) That the Administrator CTA, Attorney Steven K. Bowling, is hereby
authorized and directed to complete this administration under the
above construed article; and
(3) that all other matters are reserved.
On September 26, 2017, Appellants filed an objection to the Master’s Report,
reiterating their argument that Decedent’s real property had vested in her beneficiaries at
the time of her death. Carol Hudson filed a challenge to the timeliness of Appellants’
objection. Following a hearing on the objection and challenge, conducted by the probate
court chancellor on January 22, 2018, the probate court dismissed Appellants’ objection
as untimely, pursuant to Tennessee Rule of Civil Procedure 53.04(2) and Rule 19 of the
Local Rules of Practice for Knox County Chancery Court, in an order entered on March
2, 2018. See Tenn. R. Civ. P. 53.04(2) (“Within ten (10) days after being served with
notice of the filing of the [master’s] report, any party may serve written objections thereto
upon the other parties.”).
The probate court subsequently entered an “Order of Confirmation” on March 21,
2018, nunc pro tunc to January 22, 2018. Upon “independent review of the Master’s
Report” and finding that “no timely exceptions or objections [had] been filed,” the
probate court approved and confirmed the Master’s Report. The probate court adopted
the interpretation of Article Five of the Will as recommended in the Master’s Report and
“authorized and directed” Administrator “to complete this administration under” Article
Five as constructed in the order. Appellants filed a notice of appeal on April 2, 2018,
timely to the date of entry of the confirmation order. Administrator subsequently filed in
7
the probate court, inter alia, a “Notice of Insolvency and Proposed Plan of Distribution”
on May 29, 2018. Appellants responded by filing an objection to the notice of
insolvency, asserting that the notice was premature because the Estate was not insolvent,
the conservatorship had not been resolved following remand from this Court, and the
instant appeal was pending.
II. Issue Presented
Appellants present one issue on appeal, which we have restated slightly as
follows:
Whether the probate court erred by construing the language of the Will as
conferring authority on Administrator to sell Decedent’s real property.
III. Standard of Review
We review a non-jury case de novo upon the record with a presumption of
correctness as to the findings of fact unless the preponderance of the evidence is
otherwise. See Tenn. R. App. P. 13(d); Bowden v. Ward, 27 S.W.3d 913, 916 (Tenn.
2000). We review questions of law, including those of statutory construction, de novo
with no presumption of correctness. Bowden, 27 S.W.3d at 916 (citing Myint v. Allstate
Ins. Co., 970 S.W.2d 920, 924 (Tenn. 1998)); see also In re Estate of Haskins, 224
S.W.3d 675, 678 (Tenn. Ct. App. 2006). Likewise, construction of a will is a matter of
law, for which we review the trial court’s conclusions de novo with no presumption of
correctness. In re Estate of Milam, 181 S.W.3d 344, 353 (Tenn. Ct. App. 2005), perm.
app. denied (Tenn. Oct 3, 2005); In re Estate of Schubert, No. E2014-01754-COA-R3-
CV, 2015 WL 4272192, at *4 (Tenn. Ct. App. July 15, 2015) (citing Horadam v. Stewart,
No. M2007-00046-COA-R3-CV, 2008 WL 4491744, at *5 (Tenn. Ct. App. Oct. 6,
2008)).
IV. Effect of Unresolved Conservatorship
Appellants’ sole issue raised on appeal is whether the probate court erred by
construing the language of the Will as conferring authority on Administrator to sell
Decedent’s real property. However, upon careful review, we determine the dispositive
issue to be whether the pending conservatorship proceedings render the probate court’s
construction of the Will as it pertains to the Property to be premature, particularly
considering the notice of insolvency filed by Administrator. Because a decision from this
Court on such a premature judgment would run the risk of being advisory in nature, we
will address the effect of the unresolved conservatorship as a threshold matter. See Tenn.
R. App. P. 13(b); Thomas v. Shelby Cty., 416 S.W.3d 389, 393 (Tenn. Ct. App. 2011),
8
perm. app. denied (Tenn. Dec. 13, 2011) (“It is well-settled that the role of the court is to
adjudicate and settle legal rights, not to give abstract or advisory opinions.”).
In support of their argument that upon Decedent’s death, the Property vested
immediately in the beneficiaries of Decedent’s Will and does not therefore come under
the authority of Administrator, Appellants rely on Tennessee Code Annotated § 31-2-103
(2015), which provides as pertinent to testate decedents:
The real property of a testate decedent vests immediately upon death in the
beneficiaries named in the will, unless the will contains a specific provision
directing the real property to be administered as part of the estate subject to
the control of the personal representative. Upon qualifying, the personal
representative shall be vested with the personal property of the decedent for
the purpose of first paying administration expenses, taxes, and funeral
expenses and then for the payment of all other debts or obligations of the
decedent as provided in § 30-2-317. If the decedent’s personal property is
insufficient for the discharge or payment of a decedent’s obligations, the
personal representative may utilize the decedent’s real property in
accordance with title 30, chapter 2, part 4. After payment of debts and
charges against the estate, the personal representative shall distribute the
personal property . . . of a testate decedent to the distributees as prescribed
in the decedent’s will.
(Emphasis added.) Tennessee Code Annotated § 30-2-401 (2015) provides in relevant
part that “[t]he probate court shall have concurrent jurisdiction with the chancery and
circuit courts to sell real estate of decedents and for distribution or partition . . . .”
As Appellants have acknowledged, under the facts of this case and pursuant to
Tennessee Code Annotated § 31-2-103, if the Estate in this action is insolvent,
Administrator may utilize the Property to discharge or pay the debts of the Estate. As our
Supreme Court has explained:
In Tennessee, title to real property owned by a testate decedent at the
time of death vests immediately in the devisees named in the will unless the
will specifically directs that the property be part of the estate under the
control of the executor. Tenn. Code Ann. § 31-2-103 (2007); see also 2
[Jack W. Robinson, Sr., et al.,] Pritchard [on the Law of Wills and
Administration of Estates] § 634, at 146 [(6th ed. 2007)]. However, the fact
that the title to the real property vests immediately does not necessarily
mean that the real property cannot be subject to the probate proceeding in
some circumstances.
9
Tennessee recognizes the distinction between interests in real
property that pass “by right of survivorship” and those that pass by “devise
or descent.” Real property jointly owned by a decedent with others with a
right of survivorship and real property owned by the entirety are not part of
the probate estate administered by the decedent’s personal representative in
the probate proceeding. 2 Pritchard 6th § 630, at 142. On the other hand,
interests in real property that pass by devise or descent can be reached by
the decedent’s personal representative to pay the decedent’s or the estate’s
debts if the decedent’s personal property is insufficient to pay these debts.
Tenn. Code Ann. § 31-2-103; Tenn. Code Ann. § 30-2-401 (2007); In re
Estate of Vincent, 98 S.W.3d 146, 149 (Tenn. 2003); 2 Pritchard 6th § 801,
at 405.
In re Estate of Trigg, 368 S.W.3d 483, 501-02 (Tenn. 2012) (emphasis added).
In the case at bar, Appellants appeal the probate court’s decision rendered upon
Administrator’s May 2017 motion for disposition of the Property. In this motion,
Administrator stated that it was “entirely possible” that the Estate would become
insolvent. Administrator also noted in this motion that the conservatorship action was at
that time pending on appeal and remained unresolved with no funds transferred from the
conservatorship to the Estate. In an interim accounting filed a few days before the May
2017 motion, Administrator indicated a balance in the Estate account in the amount of
$44,073.37, and noted that several claims against the Estate were still pending.
In their objection to the motion for disposition of the Property, Appellants asserted
that any statement made by Administrator as to the potential insolvency of the Estate was
premature in part because of the unresolved conservatorship action. Appellants
maintained that funds from the conservatorship would eventually add to the solvency of
the Estate. At this point in the proceedings, the clerk and master conducted the August
2017 hearing on Administrator’s motion for disposition and entered findings interpreting
the disposition of the Property according to the Will, which the probate court chancellor
ultimately confirmed. In relation to the Property’s distribution, the probate court did not
address, either in the Master’s Report or the chancellor’s order of confirmation, the effect
of the unresolved conservatorship action or of Administrator’s notice that the Estate was
in danger of insolvency.
Subsequently, in filing a notice of insolvency and proposed distribution plan,
Administrator stated that the conservatorship action still remained pending and that the
Estate had “received no funds from the Conservator.” In the notice and attached interim
accounting, Administrator indicated a cash balance in the Estate of $1,817.82 and set
10
forth a plan of distribution following the sale of the Property. Administrator proposed
that funds from the sale of the Property would go to pay a total of $9,000.15 in estimated
administrative costs; $1,864.15 in property tax and state and federal income tax;
$12,329.00 to unsecured creditors (claims already approved or final); and $34,484.70 to
attorney’s fee claims still pending from the conservatorship action. According to
Administrator in this notice, the estimated administrative expenses, claims, and
obligations added to a total amount of $57,678.00. Administrator further proposed that
remaining cash from the sale of the Property would be distributed in equal shares to the
beneficiaries. In Administrator’s initial motion for disposition of the Property, he had
stated that the Property had been recently valued by a real estate agent at $122,500.00
while the appraised value was $162,700.00.
In their reply brief on appeal, Appellants point out that they filed an objection to
Administrator’s notice of insolvency as premature and as in error because Appellants
believed that once the conservatorship was resolved, the Estate would be solvent without
any need for the Administrator to sell the Property to pay the Estate’s debts. See Tenn.
Code Ann. § 31-2-103; In re Estate of Trigg, 368 S.W.3d at 502. The problem for
resolution of the instant appeal is that, as Appellants correctly note, “[i]n light of the
inability of the probate court to ascertain the funds in the probate estate, it must first
know the amount of funds in the conservatorship.” Appellants have made this statement
in support of their assertion that Administrator’s notice of insolvency was premature.
However, given that Administrator also notified the probate court of the pressing danger
of insolvency in the May 2017 motion for disposition and given that the conservatorship
remained unresolved both at that time and at the time of this appeal, we determine that
the probate court’s order of confirmation and the underlying Master’s Report were
premature.
Until the probate court is able to determine whether the Estate is solvent and
thereby whether the Administrator will need to reach the Property in order to pay the
debts of the Estate, see Tenn. Code Ann. § 31-2-103, it would be premature to order
either the sale of the Property by Administrator or the vesting of title in the Property to
the beneficiaries. The conservatorship must be resolved first with any funds remaining in
the conservatorship transferred to the Estate before the claims against the Estate may be
resolved and the disposition of the Property determined. See In re Conservatorship of
Hudson, 2018 WL 3814850, at *11 (“If [on remand] the conservatorship court finds that
Petitioners’ requested fees or a portion of those fees are warranted within the
conservatorship proceedings, the conservatorship court should enter a corresponding
money judgment or judgments, which may be pursued further by Petitioners or their
counsel in probate court if sufficient funds are no longer available from the
conservatorship.” (citing as an example In re Blessing, No. 01A01-9712-CH-00691, 1998
WL 862480, at *12 (Tenn. Ct. App. Dec. 14, 1998))).
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Administrator requests that this Court affirm the probate court’s interpretation of
the Will and grant of his motion to dispose of the Property by liquidating it and
distributing the proceeds. Appellants request that this Court reverse the probate court’s
interpretation of the Will to determine that the Property vested in the beneficiaries at the
time of the Decedent’s death and should not be within Administrator’s authority to
liquidate barring a finding that the Estate is insolvent. Upon a thorough review of the
record and applicable authorities, we determine that because of the pending resolution of
Decedent’s conservatorship and Administrator’s notice to the probate court that the
Estate may be insolvent once the conservatorship is resolved, any decision from this
Court concerning the construction of the Will would be advisory at this time. We
therefore make no determination regarding the specific issue raised by Appellants. See
Thomas, 416 S.W.3d at 393 (“[T]he role of the court is to adjudicate and settle legal
rights, not to give abstract or advisory opinions.”). However, having determined that the
probate court’s order authorizing Administrator to liquidate the Property was premature
pending resolution of the conservatorship, we vacate the probate court’s order confirming
the Master’s Report and remand to the probate court for further proceedings.
V. Attorney’s Fees on Appeal
In the conclusion sections of their respective briefs, Appellants and Administrator
have each respectively requested an award of attorney’s fees on appeal. However,
neither Appellants nor Administrator included attorney’s fees on appeal as an issue
presented to this Court. “‘Courts have consistently held that issues must be included in
the Statement of Issues Presented for Review required by Tennessee Rules of Appellate
Procedure 27(a)(4)’ in order to be properly before this Court.” Gibson v. Bikas, 556
S.W.3d 796, 810 (Tenn. Ct. App. 2018) (quoting In re Estate of Burke, No. M2012-
01735-COA-R3-CV, 2013 WL 2258045, at *6 (Tenn. Ct. App. May 21, 2013)). We note
that this Court’s decision regarding whether to award attorney’s fees on appeal is a
discretionary one. Young v. Barrow, 130 S.W.3d 59, 66-67 (Tenn. Ct. App. 2003), perm.
app. denied (Tenn. Jan. 26, 2004). Because the issue is not properly before this Court on
appeal, we cannot consider either request for attorney’s fees on appeal. See, e.g., Gibson,
556 S.W.3d at 810.
VI. Conclusion
For the reasons stated above, we vacate, in its entirety, the probate court’s March
2018 order confirming the clerk and master’s report. We remand for further proceedings
consistent with this opinion as the conservatorship action comes to a close. Costs on
appeal are taxed to the Estate of Mary Ruth Davis Hudson, with the appellee, Steven K.
12
Bowling, in his capacity as Administrator C.T.A. of Decedent’s Estate, instructed to
remit payment of said costs.
_________________________________
THOMAS R. FRIERSON, II, JUDGE
13