William Jeffrey Tarkington v. Rebecca Juanita Tarkington

IN THE COURT OF APPEALS OF TENNESSEE
AT NASHVILLE
Assigned on Briefs March 7, 2003
WILLIAM JEFFREY TARKINGTON v.
REBECCA JUANITA TARKINGTON
Appeal from the Circuit Court for Davidson County
No. 96D-1512 Muriel Robinson, Judge
No. M2002-01914-COA-R3-CV - Filed October 2, 2003
This appeal arises from the Father’s post-divorce petition to set child support and to terminate
previously ordered alimony in futuro. From an adverse decision of the trial court denying child
support and termination of the alimony obligation, Father appeals. We affirm the portions of the trial
court’s ruling regarding alimony and reverse the award of attorney’s fees and denial of support.
Tenn. R. App. P. 3 Appeal as of Right; Judgment of the Circuit Court
Reversed and Remanded
WILLIAM B. CAIN , J., delivered the opinion of the court, in which WILLIAM C. KOCH , JR., and
PATRICIA J. COTTRELL, JJ., joined.
Karla C. Hewitt, Nashville, Tennessee, for the appellant, William Jeffrey Tarkington.
John David Moore, Nashville, Tennessee, for the appellee, Rebecca Juanita Tarkington.
OPINION
William Jeffrey Tarkington and Rebecca Juanita Tarkington (Father and Mother
respectively), were divorced by Order of the Fourth Circuit Court of Davidson County, Tennessee
entered April 1, 1997. The divorce decree provides the following paragraphs pertinent to this
decision:
The Court further finds that due to need and other reasons enumerated by the
Court at the conclusion of trial, that Mr. Tarkington shall pay to Ms. Tarkington
alimony in futuro in the amount of $500.00 per month until her death or remarriage.
....
The Court further finds that Ms. Tarkington shall have custody of the two
minor children from August 15th of one year to May 31st of the following year, every
year. Mr. Tarkington shall have custody of the two minor children from June 1st
until August 15th of each year. The parties shall alternate visitation during the
Christmas holidays with each party having one week thereof. Visitation shall be
exchanged each year at 2:00 p.m. on Christmas Day.
....
The Court further finds that Mr. [Tarkington] shall pay the sum of $535.00
per month as child support, but that this sum shall be reduced to one-half (½)
($267.50) for the three summer months when he has the children. Child support
payments will be directly to the wife as agreed to by the parties.
Subsequent to the entry of this decree the Father filed a Petition for Contempt and to Modify
the Final Decree, in which he sought, inter alia, custody of Jason Neal Tarkington, the younger of
the two children of the marriage. On November 3, 1999, Father filed a Motion for Temporary
Custody and to Terminate Child Support which alleged that both children were then residing with
him. After a hearing on the 12th of November, the court refused to change temporary custody but
terminated the Father’s child support obligation. Father was allowed to amend his Petition to request
change of custody of both minor children, which he did on November 16, 1999. Mother filed an
Answer and Counter-Petition for Contempt. The Petition was heard August 7, 2001. After that
hearing the court granted custody of the children to Father and dismissed the counter-petition for
contempt. This Order was entered on February 11, 2002. Between the time of the hearing and the
time of the entry of the Order, Father filed the instant Petition to set child support and to terminate
alimony in futuro. The original Petition was filed November 20, 2001, and amended on February
7, 2002. That Amended Petition states the following, in pertinent part:
2. The Father’s child support obligation was terminated pursuant to a
hearing on November 12, 1999 due to the filing of a Petition to change custody.
Subsequently, the final hearing on Father’s Petition was held on August 7, 2001 and
the Father’s Parenting Plan was approved and made the Judgment of the Court. He
is now the primary residential parent of both minor children, and the Mother was
awarded substantially “standard” visitation with some restrictions.
3. The Court, in [its] Order approving the Parenting Plan of the
Petitioner at the August 7, 2001 hearing, ordered that child support would not be
assessed at this time, stating “Mother is recipient of alimony and has not become
employed as of yet. Child support will be reviewed after a reasonable time for her
to become employed.”
4. The Father is in need of child support for the two teenage boys of this
marriage. The Father would assert that it has been nearly six (6) months since the
hearing, and that is a reasonable amount of time in which a person could find a job.
Therefore, the Father would request this Honorable Court to assess a reasonable
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amount of support pursuant to the Guidelines, and if the Mother is unemployed,
support should at least be set on a minimum wage income.
5. Further, the Mother is residing with her boyfriend in Lobelville,
Tennessee, and has instructed the Father to mail her support checks to this address.
The Father would assert that since the Mother is residing with a third party, she is no
longer entitled to the alimony in futuro, pursuant to Tenn. Code Ann. § 36-5-101.
Therefore, the Father would respectfully request this Honorable Court to terminate
his alimony in futuro obligation.
6. As the Father is in great need of assistance and support from the
Mother for these two children, and as [the Court] specifically reserved this matter for
review, that an order should issue which requires the Mother to appear and show
cause why a reasonable amount of child support should not be set. Further, this order
should require her to appear and show cause why the Father’s alimony obligation
should not be terminated, as he is receiving no financial assistance from the Mother
whatsoever.
In her Answer to Father’s Petition, Mother admitted paragraphs two, three and four of the
Petition, denied paragraph five generally, and, in paragraph six denied only that Father’s alimony
obligation should be terminated, and admitted “that child support should be set upon her income at
the time of the court hearing.” Father’s Petition to Set Child Support was heard May 30, 2002. At
that hearing, Mother testified that her gross monthly income from a job with a temporary
employment service was $1,362.84, and that she resided with her mother while paying her mother
$200 of utility costs per month as rent. Also in the course of the testimony it was revealed that
Father has a gross income of $35,000 per year. It also bears noting that according to the Parenting
Plan adopted by the trial court in its February 11 order, the oldest of the two children of the marriage,
William Richard Tarkington, reached the age of majority on October 2, 2002. Jason Neal, the
younger of the two children, will reach the age of majority on October 10, 2003.
After hearing the proof, the court entered the following Order:
This cause came to be heard on the 30th day of May, 2002, before the
Honorable Muriel Robinson, Judge, upon Plaintiff’s Petition to Set Child Support.
After testimony of both parties, and based upon her income of approximately
$12,000.00 and Plaintiff’s income of approximately three times as much as
Defendant’s, the Court determined that there is no change in circumstances which
would justify modification of alimony. Furthermore, due to the small amount of
income Defendant has, the Court will not award Plaintiff child support at this time.
It is, therefore,
ORDERED, ADJUDGED and DECREED that the Petition to Modify the
alimony award is hereby denied. It is, further,
ORDERED, ADJUDGED and DECREED that the Petition to Set Child
Support is hereby denied at this time due to Ms. Tarkington’s low income. It is,
further,
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ORDERED, ADJUDGED and DECREED that the attorney for Ms.
Tarkington, John David Moore, shall be awarded attorneys fees in the amount of
$350.00. It is, further,
ORDERED, ADJUDGED and DECREED that the costs of this cause are to
be taxed against the Petitioner for which execution may issue, if necessary.
ENTERED this the 5th day of August, 2002.
I. CHILD SUPPORT
Father’s first issue on appeal deals with the trial court’s refusal to award child support. In
support of his position Father argues that the statements of counsel in open court constituted a
stipulation as to the amount and propriety of the Mother’s child support obligation, that the Mother
admitted in her Answer that child support was appropriate, and finally that the trial court erred in
refusing to determine whether child support should be set “due to the small amount of income
Defendant has.” Tennessee Rules of Civil Procedure 8 contemplates that every petition requiring
responsive pleading be met with a written answer admitting or denying the allegation. T.R.C.P.
8.04; see also Smith v. Smith, 643 S.W.2d 320, 322 (Tenn.1982). Furthermore, Mother complied
with this rule in admitting the amount of her income and the need for child support to be set. The
crucial paragraph in this analysis is paragraph six of the Mother’s Answer, in which she specifically
admits that the obligation should be set while denying the remainder of the Father’s averment with
regard to alimony in futuro. Despite the difference in the parties’ income as displayed in the
transcript of the evidence, and regardless of what was stated by counsel in the introductory
statements to the court, the pleadings themselves are dispositive of the issue, and there is nothing left
for the court in this situation but determine the amount and number of payments to be made under
the Guidelines.
At the time of the May 2002 Order, the oldest of the two children was five months away from
his eighteenth birthday. And although there is proof in the record that the child is mildly autistic,
absent any proof of the extent of that disability and its impact on his ability to support himself, there
is no obligation appearing in the record to support the child past his eighteenth birthday, the same
being the day he attains majority. See Howard v. Howard, 991 S.W.2d 251, at 256 (Tenn.Ct.App.
1999). The admitted amount of child support for two children is $365 per month. The amount of
child support for one child for that amount of income would be $239 per month. Thus the portions
of the decree concerning child support is modified to require a payment of $365 per month
representing the period from the time of the decree to October 2002. Since the record also reflects
that the younger of the children will attain the age of majority in October 2003, the remaining twelve
months child support obligation will be set at the amount applied by the Guidelines for one child,
$239 per month.
II. ALIMONY IN FUTURO
Father’s second issue on appeal concerns the trial court’s refusal to terminate or suspend his
alimony in futuro payments. In support of this issue, Father argues that the presumption established
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in Tennessee Code Annotated section 36-5-101(a)(3) prevails upon the proof offered by Mother.
To the contrary, the testimony at trial showed that Mother was required to pay for the utilities as a
form of rent of the premises provided her by the maternal grandmother. Section 101(a)(3) provides
for the following rebuttable presumption:
In all cases where a person is receiving alimony in futuro and the alimony
recipient lives with a third person, a rebuttable presumption is thereby raised that:
(A) The third person is contributing to the support of the alimony recipient
and the alimony recipient therefore does not need the amount of support previously
awarded, and the court therefore should suspend all or part of the alimony obligation
of the former spouse; or
(B) The third person is receiving support from the alimony recipient and the
alimony recipient therefore does not need the amount of alimony previously awarded
and the court therefore should suspend all or part of the alimony obligation of the
former spouse.
Tenn. Code Ann. § 36-5-101(a)(3)(2001).
Since this case was tried to the court without a jury we review the findings of the court de
novo with a presumption of correctness on appeal absent a preponderance of the evidence to the
contrary. T.R.A.P. 13(d); see Azbill v. Azbill, 661 S.W.2d 682, 686 (Tenn.Ct.App.1983). The court
found that no change in circumstances justified the modification of the alimony in futuro award and
we cannot find on appeal that the preponderance of the evidence is otherwise. Regardless of the trial
court’s statement from the bench, the Mother had testified that she was paying rent for her quarters.
She had also stated that her previous living arrangements with Mr. Eddie Ray in Lobelville were
temporary. The proof at trial at the very least, created a fact issue as to whether a change of
circumstances exists. Nonetheless the essence of the inquiry is a credibility call to be made by the
trial court.
The trial court observed the manner and demeanor of the witnesses and is in a better
position to determine the credibility of those who appeared personally before the
court. Any conflict in testimony requiring a determination of the credibility of
witnesses is for the trial court and is binding on the appellate court, unless other real
evidence compels a contrary conclusion. State ex rel. Balsinger v. Town of
Madisonville, 222 Tenn. 272, 282, 435 S.W.2d 803, 807 (1968); Linder v. Little, 490
S.W.2d 717, 712 (Tenn.App.1972).
Azbill, 661 S.W.2d, at 687.
III. ATTORNEYS FEES
1. Father’s last issue concerns the award of attorney’s fees in the amount of $350.00. It is well
settled in this jurisdiction that the trial court is vested with wide discretion in the allowance of
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attorney’s fees. This Court will not substitute its own judgment absent a showing of an abuse of that
discretion. See e.g. Elliott v. Elliott, 825 S.W.2d 87, at 92 (Tenn.Ct.App.1991); Threadgill v.
Threadgill, 740 S.W.2d 419 (Tenn.Ct.App.1987). However, the reasoning of this court requires that
Father prevail in his child support petition. Thus, the grant of attorneys fees to the non-prevailing
respondent Wife would amount to an abuse of discretion. See Tenn. Code Ann. § 36-5-103(c)
(2001); see also Harris v. Harris, 83 S.W.3d 137, 141 (Tenn.Ct.App.2001). The award of attorney’s
fees is therefore reversed.
IV. DISPOSITION
The Order of the trial court denying child support and award of attorney’s fees is reversed
with the following modification: Plaintiff is entitled to five months of child support at $365 per
month, and twelve months of child support at $239 per month, the Order with regard to alimony in
futuro is affirmed. The cause is remanded for further proceedings as necessary. The costs of this
appeal are taxed equally against the Appellant, William Tarkington, and the Appellee, Rebecca
Tarkington, for which execution may issue.
___________________________________
WILLIAM B. CAIN, JUDGE
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