Milestone Operating, Inc., and DSTJ, L.L.P. v. Exxon Mobil Corporation

Reversed and Remanded and Memorandum Opinion on Remand filed August
6, 2013.
In The
Fourteenth Court of Appeals
NO. 14-09-00765-CV
MILESTONE OPERATING, INC. AND DSTJ, L.L.P., Appellants
V.
EXXONMOBIL CORPORATION, Appellee
On Appeal from the 234th District Court
Harris County, Texas
Trial Court Cause No. 2009-16048
MEMORANDUM OPINION ON REMAND
The trial court granted default judgment in favor of appellee ExxonMobil
Corporation and against appellants Milestone Operating, Inc. and DSTJ, L.L.P.
(collectively, “appellants”). The trial court denied appellants’ motion for new trial.
On original submission, our court held that the trial court did not err by denying
appellants’ motion for new trial because they failed to satisfy the first prong of the
Craddock test. See Craddock v. Sunshine Bus Lines, Inc., 134 Tex. 388, 133
S.W.2d 124, 126 (1939). The Supreme Court of Texas granted appellants’ petition
for review, reversed our holding regarding the first Craddock prong, and remanded
the case to our court. On remand, we reverse and remand the case to the trial court
for proceedings consistent with this opinion.
I. BACKGROUND
As alleged in ExxonMobil’s petition, ExxonMobil entered into a Farmout
Agreement (“Agreement”) with DSTJ in which ExxonMobil permitted DSTJ to
drill on ExxonMobil’s oil and gas leases in Jefferson County. According to the
Agreement, if DSTJ drilled a producing well, ExxonMobil would receive a 25%
overriding royalty interest until “payout”1 occurred and would assign a portion of
the lease to DSTJ. DSTJ was obligated to notify ExxonMobil when payout
occurred, at which time ExxonMobil could elect to escalate its overriding royalty
interest to 27.5% or convert to a 25% working interest. ExxonMobil alleges DSTJ
failed to notify ExxonMobil that payout occurred at the Broussard Trust #45 well.
Additionally, ExxonMobil alleges the Agreement required ExxonMobil’s written
consent before DSTJ could assign the Agreement to another party. ExxonMobil
alleges that DSTJ eventually assigned the Agreement to Milestone without
ExxonMobil’s written consent.
ExxonMobil sued appellants for breach of contract and sought damages
and declaratory and injunctive relief. ExxonMobil served citation on Donald
Harlan, appellants’ director/agent/partner. After appellants failed to answer,
ExxonMobil filed a motion for default judgment. Appellants failed to appear on or
before the hearing, and the trial court granted default judgment in favor of
ExxonMobil. ExxonMobil was awarded $1,474,600.26 in unliquidated damages,
1
According to the parties, “payout” occurs when production from the well equals the
costs of drilling and completing the well.
2
$243,481.12 in prejudgment interest, $52,282.00 in attorney’s fees, and $1,228.57
in costs. Appellants timely filed a motion for new trial. Following an evidentiary
hearing, the trial court denied appellants’ motion.
On original submission, our court affirmed the trial court’s denial of
appellants’ motion for new trial regarding liability but reversed the court’s award
of damages. We determined appellants failed to demonstrate their failure to appear
was not intentional or the result of conscious indifference. See Milestone
Operating, Inc. v. ExxonMobil Corp., 346 S.W.3d 101, 105–09 (Tex. App.—
Houston [14th Dist.] 2011). The Supreme Court of Texas concluded appellants’
failure to appear was not intentional or the result of conscious indifference,
reversing our judgment and remanding the case to our court “for consideration of
the second and third Craddock elements.” See Milestone Operating, Inc. v.
ExxonMobil Corp., 388 S.W.3d 307, 308–10 (Tex. 2012) (per curiam).
II. WHETHER NEW TRIAL IS WARRANTED PURSUANT TO CRADDOCK
In their first issue,2 appellants contend the trial court erred by denying their
motion for new trial based on the Craddock test. A trial court’s decision to deny a
motion for new trial will not be disturbed on appeal without a showing of abuse of
discretion. See Strackbein v. Prewitt, 671 S.W.2d 37, 38 (Tex. 1984). However, a
trial court abuses its discretion by failing to grant a new trial when all three
Craddock requirements are met. See id. at 38–39; Craddock, 133 S.W.2d at 126.
Under Craddock, the defendant must demonstrate that (1) his failure to
appear was not intentional or the result of conscious indifference, (2) there is a
meritorious defense, and (3) granting a new trial will not operate to cause delay or
2
On original appeal, our court overruled appellants’ second issue, in which they contend
the trial court erred by finding that ExxonMobil complied with service of process requirements.
See Milestone Operating, 346 S.W.3d at 104. The supreme court likewise rejected this
argument. See Milestone Operating, 388 S.W.3d at 309–10.
3
injury to the plaintiff. 133 S.W.2d at 126. The trial court must test the motion for
new trial and evidence against the requirements of Craddock and grant the motion
if those requirements are met. Strackbein, 671 S.W.2d at 39.
1. Intentional or Conscious Indifference
On petition for review, the supreme court held, “[T]he evidence here shows
that [appellants’] failure to answer was neither intentional nor the result of
consciously indifferent conduct.” Milestone Operating, 388 S.W.3d at 310.
Accordingly, appellants satisfied the first Craddock prong.
2. Meritorious Defense
A meritorious defense is one that, if proved, would cause a different result
upon a retrial of the case, although not necessarily a totally opposite result. Jaco v.
Rivera, 278 S.W.3d 867, 873 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2009, no pet.).
When considering the meritorious defense requirement, the trial court determines
only whether the defendant has asserted facts constituting a meritorious defense
and should not consider controverting evidence. See Estate of Pollack v.
McMurrey, 858 S.W.2d 388, 392 n.3 (Tex. 1993).
In their motion for new trial, appellants alleged they have a meritorious
defense because they did notify ExxonMobil that payout occurred at the Broussard
Trust #45 well. Appellants supported this allegation with Harlan’s affidavit, in
which he averred:
In addition, DSTJ did not breach its obligations under the Farmout
Agreement with ExxonMobil. Specifically, DSTJ timely notified
ExxonMobil that Payout of the Broussard Trust #45 well had been
achieved.
ExxonMobil argues Harlan’s statement that he provided timely notice of
payout is conclusory and does not support a meritorious defense. See Boyes v.
4
Morris Polich & Purdy, LLP, 169 S.W.3d 448, 453–54 (Tex. App.—El Paso 2005,
no pet.) (recognizing conclusory allegations do not satisfy the meritorious defense
requirement, but rather motion “must be supported by affidavits or other evidence
proving prima facie that the defendant has such meritorious defense.” (quoting Ivy
v. Carrell, 407 S.W.2d 212, 214 (Tex. 1966))). We disagree that this factual
statement is conclusory. Harlan could testify that notice was timely provided
without attaching supporting documentation. See Ortega v. Cach, LLC, 396
S.W.3d 622, 627–28 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 2013, no pet.) (holding
bank officer’s statement in affidavit that account was transferred was not
conclusory and did not need to be supported by documentation). Moreover, this
statement sets up a meritorious defense because, if true, it would mean
ExxonMobil receives a 27.5% overriding royalty interest instead of the 25%
working interest it was awarded in the default judgment. See Jaco, 278 S.W.3d at
873 (“[D]efense that might produce the different result of a lesser amount of
damages is a meritorious defense under Craddock.”); Gotcher v. Barnett, 757
S.W.2d 398, 404 (Tex. App.—Houston [14th Dist.] 1988, no writ) (“Because any
of the foregoing allegations, if true, would result in a diminution of Barnett’s
damages on retrial of the case, they raised meritorious defenses.”); Gardner v.
Jones, 570 S.W.2d 198, 201 (Tex. Civ. App.—Houston [1st Dist.] 1978, no writ)
(“The allegations of Gardner’s motion for new trial do, however, establish a
meritorious defense to part of the plaintiff’s claim for damages.”).
ExxonMobil argues Equinox Enterprises, Inc. v. Associated Media Inc.,
supports the proposition that a defendant must set up a meritorious defense
regarding each of the plaintiff’s causes of action to satisfy the second Craddock
prong. 730 S.W.2d 872, 876 (Tex. App.—Dallas 1987, no writ). According to
5
ExxonMobil, appellants’ meritorious defenses do not address ExxonMobil’s claims
for declaratory relief and, thus, the second Craddock prong is not met.
We disagree with ExxonMobil’s interpretation of Equinox. The Equinox
court affirmed the trial court’s denial of defendant’s motion for new trial, not
because defendant failed to set up a meritorious defense as to one of two claims,
but because defendant never attempted to set up a meritorious defense regarding
one claim and made only conclusory allegations relative to its meritorious defense
regarding the other claim. 730 S.W.2d at 875–76. Additionally, as we have
indicated, it is well settled that the meritorious-defense prong is satisfied if it
would cause a different result upon retrial. See Jaco, 278 S.W.3d at 873. We
have already held appellants have set up a defense which may cause the different
result of lower damages upon retrial. Thus, appellants have met the second
Craddock prong.
3. No Delay or Injury
To satisfy the final Craddock prong, appellants were required to demonstrate
that the grant of a new trial will not result in delay or injury to ExxonMobil. 133
S.W.2d at 126. This prong was satisfied because appellants asserted a new trial
will not cause undue delay or injury to ExxonMobil, and ExxonMobil did not
present any contradicting argument. See Dir., State Emps. Workers’ Comp. Div. v.
Evans, 889 S.W.2d 266, 270 (Tex. 1994) (“Once a defendant has alleged that
granting a new trial will not injure the plaintiff, the burden of going forward with
proof of injury shifts to the plaintiff.”). Further, appellants stated they are willing
to reimburse ExxonMobil for all reasonable expenses incurred in obtaining the
default judgment.
6
Accordingly, we hold the trial court abused its discretion by failing to grant
appellants a new trial based on the Craddock test.3 We sustain appellants’ first
issue.4
III. VENUE
Finally, in their fourth issue, appellants contend the trial court erred by
implicitly finding venue was proper in Harris County. According to appellants,
venue was mandatory in Jefferson County where the subject oil and gas lease was
located. See Tex. Civ. Prac. & Rem. Code Ann. § 15.011 (West 2002) (governing
mandatory venue in cases involving real property). Because appellants never
challenged venue in the trial court, they waived any right to complain about venue
in this appeal. See Tex. R. Civ. P. 86(1) (“An objection to improper venue is
waived if not made by written motion filed prior to or concurrently with any other
plea, pleading or motion except a special appearance motion[.]”). We express no
opinion as to whether appellants’ venue defense can be timely raised on remand.
We overrule appellants’ fourth issue.
We reverse the trial court’s judgment and remand for further proceedings
consistent with our opinion.
/s/ Tracy Christopher
Justice
Panel consists of Justices Brown, Boyce, and Christopher.
3
Without citing supporting authority, ExxonMobil further argues we should affirm the
default judgment because appellants never filed answers in the trial court. However, appellants
may remedy this deficiency by filing answers on remand to the trial court. Thus, we reject
ExxonMobil’s argument.
4
Because we sustain appellants’ first issue and hold the trial court erred by failing to
grant appellants a new trial, we need not consider appellants’ third issue in which they challenge
the amount of unliquidated damages awarded by the trial court.
7