Fagan v. State

McCRAW, Justice.

James Fagan appeals his convictions for burglary of a habitation. In cause number 05-85-00969-CR (the burglary of a habitation owned by Jennifer Howie) the jury assessed punishment at confinement for thirty-five years. In cause number 05-85-00970-CR (the burglary of a habitation owned by Lynn Forest) the jury assessed punishment at confinement for twenty years.

In cause number 05-85-00969-CR, appellant’s attorney has filed a brief¹ in which he has concluded that the appeal is wholly frivolous and without merit. The brief meets the requirements of Anders v. California, 386 U.S. 738, 87 S.Ct. 1396, 18 L.Ed.2d 493 (1967), by presenting a professional evaluation of the record demonstrating why, in effect, there are no arguable grounds to be advanced. See High v. State, 573 S.W.2d 807 (Tex.Crim.App.1978); Currie v. State, 516 S.W.2d 684 (Tex.Crim.App.1974); Gainous v. State, 436 S.W.2d 137 (Tex.Crim.App.1969). A copy of counsel’s brief has been delivered to appellant and appellant has been advised that he would be given the opportunity to examine the appellate record and that he had a right to file a pro se brief. No pro se brief has been filed.

In Cause number 05-85-00970-CR, appellant’s counsel has filed a brief in which appellant contends that the evidence is insufficient to support the conviction. We disagree. Consequently, we affirm.

Sufficiency of the evidence is measured by the standard enunciated by the United States Supreme Court in Jackson v. Virginia, 443 U.S. 307, 319 n. 12, 99 S.Ct. 2781, 2789 n. 12, 61 L.Ed.2d 560 (1979): “whether, after viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution, any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt.” Dickey v. State, 693 S.W.2d 386, 387 (Tex.Crim.App.1984). In a circumstantial evidence case, if there is a reasonable hypothesis other than the guilt of the accused raised by the evidence, then the essential elements of the crime cannot be found beyond a reasonable doubt. Id. at 388. We now determine whether the Jackson v. Virginia standard has been met.

Officer C.W. Cottongame of the Dallas Police Department testified that at 1:00 p.m. on May 7, 1985, he was working as a traffic enforcement officer and observed a traffic violation when a car cut across a parking lot to avoid a traffic control device. Cottongame pulled the car over. It was occupied by three black males. The driver was Darnell Smith. Appellant was a passenger in the front seat and Kevin Potts was a passenger in the back seat. Cotton-game asked Smith to produce a driver’s license and proof of insurance. Smith replied that he had neither. Cottongame observed a television in the back seat, partially covered by a bedspread, and a part of a check protector machine. Smith claimed the check protector as his and stated that the television belonged to his sister. At this time, appellant got out of the car and went to a nearby convenience store. He returned with a cold drink. After backup (other police officers) arrived, Cottongame discovered a checkbook in the back seat with the name “Woods Janitorial Service” on it. Smith claimed that the checkbook belonged to him and that “Woods Janitorial Service” was the name of his business. Cottongame determined that these representations by Smith were not true and arrested all three men.

A search of the men revealed that all three had jewelry in their pockets. Most of the jewelry was women’s jewelry, but there were a few men’s watches and a man’s class ring. A search of the car in which the three men were riding revealed a purse full of loose change and some rolled coins with the name Jennifer Howie on them and a telephone number. This purse was located on the floorboard in front of where appellant was sitting. A screwdriver was found under the driver’s seat. An AM-FM portable radio, video cassette recorders, stereo speakers, and two more televisions were found in the car’s trunk.

Jennifer Howie and Lynn Forest lived at a condominium complex located approximately a mile to a mile and one-half from where Cottongame stopped appellant and his companions.² Howie lived on the second story of the condominium complex and Forest lived in the condominium immediately below Howie.

Jennifer Howie testified the coin roll with her name on it was hers. Although no other in-court identification of stolen property was made, both Howie and Forest testified that they had previously identified as theirs property recovered from the car in which appellant and his companions were in when stopped by Officer Cottongame. Both Howie and Forest also testified that they did not know appellant and gave no one permission to enter their condominiums or to take anything from them.

Fingerprint evidence introduced at trial showed that appellant’s left ring finger matched a latent fingerprint found on the outside surface of the door to Howie’s condominium. It was also shown that a palm print from Kevin Potts matched a latent palm print found on the inside surface of the door to Howie’s condominium. Pry marks were found on the doors entering both condominiums. Cottongame testified that the pry marks on the door of Forest’s condominium matched the screwdriver found in the car. Appellant did not testify, none of his companions testified, and no witness testified on appellant’s behalf.

The trial court charged the jury on the law of criminal responsibility as a party and the jury was reminded of the law of parties during the prosecutor’s closing argument. See TEX.PENAL CODE ANN. § 7.02(a)(2) (Vernon 1974). A party may be guilty of burglary even though there is no evidence that he personally entered the burglarized premises if the evidence shows that he acted together with another in the commission of the offense. Clark v. State, 543 S.W.2d 125, 127 (Tex.Crim.App.1976). And, although mere presence at the scene of an offense is not sufficient to support a conviction under section 7.02(a)(2) of the Texas Penal Code, it is a circumstance tending to prove guilt which may show, in combination with other facts, that the accused participated in the commission of the offense as a party. Alexander v. State, 607 S.W.2d 551, 553 (Tex.Crim.App.1980). Some of the facts and circumstances which the jury could have considered in determining appellant’s guilt as a party to the burglary of Forest’s condominium are the following: (1) both burglaries occurred within a short period of time within the same condominium complex; (2) appellant was in a car being driven in a direction away from the burglarized condominiums; (3) stolen property from both burglaries, identified by Howie and Forest as theirs, was in the car; (4) appellant was in close proximity of and had access to, some of the stolen property in the car; (5) appellant’s fingerprint and one of his companion’s palmprints were found at the scene of the Howie burglary; and (6) pry marks were discovered on the entry door of each burglarized condominium and a screwdriver, matching the pry marks on the door of Forest’s condominium, was found in the car in which appellant was riding.

Viewing the evidence in the light most favorable to the prosecution, we conclude any rational trier of fact could have found the essential elements of the crime beyond a reasonable doubt and that no evidence was presented which would create a reasonable hypothesis other than guilt of the appellant. The evidence is sufficient in cause number 05-85-00970-CR to support the conviction.

In cause number 05-85-00969-CR, we have carefully reviewed the record and the brief of counsel and agree that the appeal is wholly frivolous and without merit. Further, we find nothing in the record that might argueable support the appeal. Accordingly, the judgments are affirmed.

McCLUNG, J., dissenting.

1 . Both the appellant and the State have filed their briefs for cause no. 05-85-00969-CR in cause no. 05-85-00970-CR and vice-versa. We will, however, treat both parties’ briefs in both cases as properly filed in the case to which they actually pertain.

2 . Appellant and his companions had been traveling in a direction away from the condominium complex when stopped.