Monroe Henry Preston v. State

In The
Court of Appeals
Sixth Appellate District of Texas at Texarkana
______________________________
No. 06-11-00129-CV
______________________________
MONROE HENRY PRESTON, Appellant
V.
THE STATE OF TEXAS, Appellee
On Appeal from the 6th Judicial District Court
Lamar County, Texas
Trial Court Nos. 22654, 22863, 22864
Before Morriss, C.J., Carter and Moseley, JJ.
Memorandum Opinion by Justice Moseley
MEMORANDUM OPINION
Following a plea of guilty pursuant to a plea agreement, Monroe Henry Preston was
convicted of one count of delivery of cocaine in an amount of one gram or more, but less than four
grams within a drug-free zone (case number 22654), and two counts of delivery of less than one
gram of cocaine as a habitual offender (case numbers 22863 and 22864). On January 26, 2009,
the trial court issued a notice of withdrawal of funds from Preston’s inmate trust account in each
case, pursuant to Section 501.014 of the Texas Government Code. 1 On November 9, 2011,
Preston filed a “Motion to Recind [sic] Withdrawal of Funds from Inmate Trust Account and
Restore Funds to Inmate Trust Account” in each case. The trial court denied Preston’s motion.
On appeal, Preston complains of withdrawal of $75.00 for attorney’s fees in cases 22863
and 22864, $350.00 for attorney’s fees in case 22654, and a $600.00 fee for an investigator in case
22654. Preston argues that the trial court failed “to afford appellant due process in making a
fact-specific determination that appellant had the financial resources to offset” the attorney’s fees,
challenges the sufficiency of the evidence to support the calculation of attorney’s fees, and claims
the court erred in compelling reimbursement for the “investigator fees when the trial record clearly
demonstrat[ed] that an investigator was not warranted or necessary because . . . [he] entered a plea
in open court.” We find that Preston’s plea was pursuant to a plea agreement and that he waived
these complaints during the plea bargain process. The trial court’s judgment is affirmed.
1
See TEX. GOV’T CODE ANN. § 501.014 (West Supp. 2011).
2
The terms of Preston’s signed plea admonishments contain the following:
Garnishment of Inmate Accounts to Pay Fines, Court Costs and Court Fees
Upon court order, the Texas Department of Criminal Justice (hereinafter “the
Department”) may withdraw, seize or garnish funds from an inmate’s trust account
to pay court fees, costs and fines associated with this conviction. As part of this
plea agreement you:
1. Agree not to object to, challenge, protest or otherwise contest, in any
manner, the withdrawal, seizure or garnishment of funds from your inmate trust
account by the Department for the payment of court fees, costs and fines associated
with this conviction.
2. Waive the right to object to, challenge, protest or otherwise contest, in any
manner, the calculation of the amount of court fees, costs and fines associated with
this conviction to be withdrawn, garnished or seized by the Department from your
inmate trust account.
3. Waive the right to be served with legal process or notice of any kind
(including any writ of garnishment, application, accompanying affidavit(s), bill(s)
of costs or court order) in any way pertaining or related to the withdrawal,
garnishment or seizure of funds from your inmate trust account by the Department
for the payment of court fees, costs and fines associated with this conviction.
4. Waive any legal, equitable or administrative process or procedure
(including by inmate grievance or other internal Department method) to regain
funds, or to prevent withdrawal, garnishment or seizure of funds, from your inmate
trust account by the Department for the payment of court fees, costs and fines
associated with this conviction.
5. Waive, forego, surrender and relinquish any property right to any funds
withdrawn, garnished or seized from your inmate trust account by the Department
to pay court fees, costs and fines associated with this conviction.
6. Waive the right to the appointment of legal counsel to pursue any legal,
equitable or administrative proceeding to prevent the Department from
withdrawing, garnishing or seizing funds from your inmate trust account to pay any
unpaid fine, court costs or court fees or to regain the same.
3
Texas law permits garnishment of an inmate’s trust account when such has been authorized
by the trial court of conviction. TEX. GOV’T CODE ANN. § 501.014(e) (West Supp. 2011).
“Texas courts have long recognized that prisoners have a property interest in their inmate trust
accounts,” and must be afforded some measure of due process. Harrell v. State, 286 S.W.3d 315,
319 (Tex. 2009). A defendant, however, may also affirmatively, voluntarily, and knowingly
waive any rights afforded to him—even constitutional due process rights. Wheeler v. State, 628
S.W.2d 800, 802 (Tex. Crim. App. [Panel Op.] 1982); Franks v. State, 513 S.W.2d 584, 585 (Tex.
Crim. App. 1974); In re Doyle, No. 06-08-00094-CV, 2008 WL 4329041 (Tex. App.––Texarkana
Sept. 24, 2008, no pet.) (mem. op.) (defendant can waive right to complain of alleged due process
requirements in connection with garnishment from inmate trust fund account).
Further, the concept of a plea agreement has been equated to a contract. Moore v. State,
295 S.W.3d 329, 331 (Tex. Crim. App. 2009); Ex parte Williams, 637 S.W.2d 943, 948 (Tex.
Crim. App. 1982). Plea bargaining consists of the prosecutor’s concessions regarding
punishment, lesser charges, or reduction in counts in exchange for a defendant’s plea of guilty or
nolo contendere. See Williams, 637 S.W.2d at 948. Such an agreement may contain a wide
variety of stipulations, including a stipulation that the defendant waives the right to appeal. See
Moore, 295 S.W.3d at 331–32; Ex parte Delaney, 207 S.W.3d 794, 798 (Tex. Crim. App. 2006).
The record before us shows Preston affirmatively, intelligently, voluntarily, knowingly,
and unambiguously waived his right to contest or appeal any future garnishment proceeding to
4
collect fees, costs, and fines connected with his underlying criminal conviction. Thus, the trial
court did not err in denying Preston’s motion to rescind withdrawal of funds from his inmate trust
account.
We affirm the trial court’s judgment.
Bailey C. Moseley
Justice
Date Submitted: March 14, 2012
Date Decided: March 15, 2012
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