Barbara Pinkus v. Hartford Casualty Insurance Company

Concurring Opinion Filed November 5, 2015.
In The
Court of Appeals
Fifth District of Texas at Dallas
No. 05-14-00892-CV
BARBARA PINKUS, Appellant
V.
HARTFORD CASUALTY INSURANCE COMPANY, Appellee
On Appeal from the 199th Judicial District Court
Collin County, Texas
Trial Court Cause No. 199-02050-2013
CONCURRING OPINION
Before Justices Fillmore, Stoddart, and O’Neill1
Opinion by Justice Stoddart
Although I agree with the majority’s conclusion that the underlying judgment should be
affirmed, I cannot agree with the majority’s determination that the evidence in this case shows a
distinct departure from the business purpose of the trip. Accordingly, I concur.
Ron Pinkus was sent to Dallas for a three-day business trip to meet with customers and
plan for the opening of a new office. All transportation, lodging, and meals for the trip were paid
by his employer. On the evening of January 9, 2012, while on the business trip, Ron made plans
to have dinner with his son at a local pizza restaurant. Ron left his hotel at approximately 6:00
that evening. Before reaching either his son’s house or the restaurant, Ron was involved in a car
accident that led to his disability and eventual death. The accident occurred in Dallas, roughly
1
The Hon. Michael J. O’Neill, Justice, Assigned
eleven miles from Ron’s hotel.
The majority concludes that by undertaking to have dinner with his son, Ron made a
distinct departure on a personal errand and was not in the course and scope of his employment at
the time of his injury. I disagree. Under the “continuous coverage” rule, an employee is generally
within the course and scope of his employment when the employer’s business requires him to
travel away from the employer’s premises. See Shelton v. Standard Ins. Co., 389 S.W.2d 290,
293–294 (Tex. 1965); Aetna Cas. & Sur. Co. v. Orgon, 721 S.W.2d 572, 574–75 (Tex. App.—
Austin 1986, writ ref’d n.r.e.). This includes functions that are necessary for the employee to
perform his work while away on business such as eating and sleeping. See Shelton, 389 S.W.2d
at 294. An exception to the rule exists when an employee makes a “distinct departure on a
personal errand.” See id. at 293.
The DWC appeals panel noted that there “is no cited case where a trip of 12 miles to a
restaurant within a major metropolitan area such as Dallas has been held to be a deviation from
the business purpose of the trip.” Moreover, the employer’s travel policy contemplates that a
spouse or guest may accompany the employee on a business trip without rendering the
employee’s actions beyond the course and scope of employment. The travel policy merely
provides that the employer will reimburse the employee as if he or she were traveling alone. The
fact that Ron was to meet his son for dinner does not remove that activity from the accepted
course and scope of Ron’s employment. However, it does trigger an analysis under the dual
purpose doctrine found in section 401.011(12)(B). TEX. LAB. CODE ANN. § 401.011(12)(B).
Section 401.011(12)(B) excludes dual purpose travel from the course and scope of
employment unless the exceptions in both subsection (i) and (ii) are shown. Id. Under
subsections (B)(i) and (ii), it must be shown that the travel would have been made to the place of
injury even if there had been no personal reason to do so and that the travel would not have been
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made had there been no business purpose. Id. There is no doubt that Ron’s travel to the place of
injury was for a dual purpose, but there is no evidence establishing that he would have traveled
to the place of injury without the personal purpose and would not have traveled there without the
business purpose. In the absence of such evidence, no exception to the dual purpose exclusion
has been shown. The trial court’s judgment should be affirmed.
I concur with the Court’s judgment.
/Craig Stoddart/
CRAIG STODDART
JUSTICE
140892CF.P05
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