Anderson v. United States

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No. l5-614C
(Filed: June 19,2015) FILED
NOT FOR PUBLICATION
JUN t I 20t5
U.S. COURT OF
DEMETRIUS J. ANDERSON, reoennl cuetus
Pro Se Litigation; Lack of Subject
Pro Se Platntiff , Matter Jurisdiction; Due Process;
Review of State Court Decisron
THE UNITED STATES,
Defendant.
OPINION DISMISSING PLAINTIFF'S COMPLAINT FOR LACK OF
JURISDICTION
FIRESTONE, -/zdge.
Plaintiff Demetrius Anderson files this p1q-!e complaint challenging what he
characterizes as an illegal detention stemming from a burglary conviction in a Florida
state court. For the reasons stated below, the complaint is now DISMISSED the for lack
of subj ect-matter jurisdiction.'
ln 2011, Mr. Anderson was convicted of burglary with intent to commit battery
and sentenced to ten years imprisonment. Mr. Anderson, then represented by counsel,
appealed his conviction Florida's First District Court of Appeals in 2012, claiming that
I The court notes that the
plaintilfhas not paid a filing fee or filed a motion to proceed in lbrma
pauperis. However, in light of the fact that this case is now dismissed for lack ofjurisdiction, the
hlins fee is waived.
there was insufficient evidence to support a conviction and, in the alternative, that the
jury instructions were improper. The Florida appellate court affirmed his conviction psl
curium and without written opinion. Anderson v. State, 95 So. 3d 216,2012 \hl,
2580546 (Fla. 1st. DCA 2012). Mr. Anderson's attomey then moved in the same court
for a rehearing and requested a written opinion, but the motion was denied per curium
and without written opinion. Id. The Supreme Court of the United States denied Mr.
Anderson's p1q_Se petition for certiorari in 2013. Anderson v. Florida, 133 S. q. 1274,
1275 (2013).
In his complaint before this court, Mr. Anderson maintains that the jury
instructions at his trial were improper. He further argues that the fact that he never
received a written opinion from a Florida appellate court was an unconstitutional denial
of his right to due process. He argues that based upon these errors, his continued
incarceration is illegal and unconstitutional.
Before proceeding to the issues presented in Mr. Anderson's complaint, the court
must first determine whether it possesses jurisdiction to do so. Whether the court
possesses jurisdiction to decide the merits of a case is a threshold matter the court must
decide. See PODS. Inc. v. Porta Stor. Inc., 484 F.3d 1359, 1364 (Fed. Cir. 2007) (citing
Steel Co. v. Citizens for a Better Env't, 523 U.S. 83, 94-95 (1998)). Jurisdiction is a
threshold matter because a case cannot proceed ifa court lacks jurisdiction to hear it. See
Arbaueh v. Y & H Corp., 546 U.S. 500, 514 (2006) ("[W]hen a federal court concludes
that it lacks subject-matter jurisdiction, the court must dismiss the complaint in its
entirety." (citation omitted)).
When considering whether to dismiss a complaint for lack ofjurisdiction, a court
accepts "uncontroverted factual allegations as tnre for purposes of the motion. Banks v.
United States, '741 F.3d 1268, 1277 (Fed. Cir. 2014) (citing Gibbs v. Buck, 307 U.S. 66,
72 (1939)). A gq_!e plaintiff, such as Mr. Anderson, is entitled to a liberal construction
of the pleadings. See. e.g., Erickson v. Pardus, 55 I U.S. 89,94 (2007). However, despite
being held to a "less stringent standard than that ofa plaintiff represented by an attomey,"
a plq_le plaintiff still "bears the burden ofestablishing the Court's jurisdiction by a
preponderance ofthe evidence." Bricke), v. United States, 116 Fed. Cl.71,75 (2014)
(quoting Riles v. United States, 93 Fed.Cl. 163,165 (2010). If Mr. Anderson cannot
establish jurisdiction, his complaint must be dismissed under Rule 12 of the Rules of the
United States Court of Federal Claims ("RCFC'). This rule states that if the court at any
time finds it lacks subject matter jurisdiction over the claims before it, the court must
dismiss the action. RCFC l2(hX3).
Mr. Anderson's complaint argues that his detention is based on an unconstitutional
conviction and appeals process in Florida state courts. However, it is well settled that
this court "does not have jurisdiction to review and overtum criminal convictions." Reed
v. United States, 25 F. App'x 903,904 (Fed. Cir. 2001) (quoting Lott v. United States, I I
Cl. Ct. 852, 853 (1987)); see Dethlefs v. United States, 60 Fed. Cl. 810, 814 (2004)
(holding that the Court ofFederal Claims does not have "authority to review and overturn
convictions entered by a court of competent j urisdiction. "). This court therefore "has no
authority to re-examine in detail the facts surrounding a conviction or imprisorunent."
Zakiya v. United States, 79 Fed. Cl. 231, 235 (2007), afl d,277 F. App'x 985 (Fed. Cir.
2008) (quoting Lott, I I Cl. Ct. at 853); see also Robinson v. United States,230 F,3d 1382
(Fed. Cir. 2000) (finding the court lacked jurisdiction over plaintiff s unjust
imprisonment claim arising out of his conviction in a state court).
Even if the court did have jurisdiction to review a state actions in a criminal case,
it would still lack jurisdiction to decide the merits of Mr. Anderson's case. Mr. Anderson
argues that the alleged errors in the Florida courts violated his right to due process under
the Constitution. However. it is well-settled law that claims under the Due Process
Clauses ofthe Fifth or Fourteenth Amendments do not confer jurisdiction on the Court of
Federal Claims. Flowers v. United States,32l F. App'x 928, 934 (Fed. Cir. 2008)
(holding that the court offederal claims coun lacks jurisdiction over due process claims
(citing James v. Caldera, 159 F.3d 573, 581 (Fed. Cir. 1998))); LeBlanc v. United States,
50 F.3d 1025, 1028 (Fed. Cir. 1995) (holding that the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendment
Due Process Clauses are not sufficient bases for iurisdiction in the Court ofFederal
Claims because neither clause is a money-mandating provision)).
In sum, Mr. Anderson has failed to establish jurisdiction in this court based on the
allegations made in his complaint. Therefore, Mr. Anderson's claims must be dismissed
underRCFC l2(hX3).
IT IS SO ORDERED.
B. FIRESTONE