Thomas Lee Fitzgerald v. Commonwealth of Virginia

COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA
Present: Judges Kelsey, Petty and Senior Judge Bumgardner
Argued at Richmond, Virginia
THOMAS LEE FITZGERALD
MEMORANDUM OPINION * BY
v. Record No. 0005-07-2 JUDGE RUDOLPH BUMGARDNER, III
DECEMBER 27, 2007
COMMONWEALTH OF VIRGINIA
FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF NOTTOWAY COUNTY
Thomas V. Warren, Judge
G. Russell Stone, Jr. (Bowen, Champlin, Carr, Foreman &
Rockecharlie, on brief), for appellant.
Josephine F. Whalen, Assistant Attorney General (Robert F.
McDonnell, Attorney General; Donald E. Jeffrey, III, Assistant
Attorney General, on brief), for appellee.
Thomas Lee Fitzgerald appeals his conviction of grand larceny contending the trial court
erred by finding the evidence of value sufficient to prove grand larceny and by failing to instruct on
petit larceny. We conclude the trial court did not err and affirm its judgment.
“‘[W]e review the evidence in the light most favorable to the Commonwealth, granting to
it all reasonable inferences fairly deducible therefrom.’” Archer v. Commonwealth, 26 Va. App.
1, 11, 492 S.E.2d 826, 831 (1997) (quoting Martin v. Commonwealth, 4 Va. App. 438, 443, 358
S.E.2d 415, 418 (1987)). So viewed, the evidence proved that Paul Rice owned a power washer
that he used for business and personal purposes. Rice purchased the power washer for $521.46
in June 2004. The defendant, who occasionally worked for Rice, stole the power washer from
Rice’s home on September 7, 2006.
*
Pursuant to Code § 17.1-413, this opinion is not designated for publication.
Rice testified that he had not used the power washer often and opined that if he needed to
make “a quick sale,” he would charge $350 for the power washer. Rice felt he could sell the
power washer for $350 because “[i]t wasn’t scratched up, torn up, the paint was all good and it
was used very little and it was a proficient power washer.” His valuation was “based on the
current market value.” He had priced other power washers at a home improvement store in
forming his opinion. Rice concluded: “If I could have gotten a power washer used for $350 in
that condition, I would have thought I was getting a bargain.”
At the conclusion of all the evidence, defense counsel moved to strike the grand larceny
charge arguing the evidence consisted of only Rice’s “belief” that the power washer was worth
$350. The trial judge denied the motion. Defense counsel then requested a petit larceny
instruction. The trial judge stated, “I’ll only give it if you want it . . . . To me it’s either grand
larceny or it’s nothing. That’s the evidence that we’ve heard, it’s $350.” Defense counsel then
said, “I’m satisfied, Your Honor, I’ve put my motion on the record . . . . I would present an
instruction on petty larceny on finding, that I would ask the court to reject.” The trial judge
responded, “Which I will do. And we’ll call that A refused.”
Grand larceny is “simple larceny not from the person of another of goods and chattels of
the value of $200 or more.” Code § 18.2-95(ii). The value of the stolen goods is an element of
the crime that the Commonwealth must prove beyond a reasonable doubt. Walls v.
Commonwealth, 248 Va. 480, 481, 450 S.E.2d 363, 364 (1994). “The value of the stolen
property is measured as of the time of the theft, and the original purchase price may be admitted
as evidence of its current value.” Parker v. Commonwealth, 254 Va. 118, 121, 489 S.E.2d 482,
483 (1997). “The opinion testimony of the owner of the stolen item generally is competent and
admissible on the issue of the value of that property.” Id.; see also Robinson v. Commonwealth,
258 Va. 3, 5-6, 516 S.E.2d 475, 476 (1999) (fair market value is the price item will bring when
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offered for sale by seller who wants but is not obligated to sell and bought by a buyer under no
necessity of buying).
Rice was the owner, and for that reason alone, was competent to state his opinion
regardless of his knowledge of property values. See Walls, 248 Va. at 482, 450 S.E.2d at 364.
In fact, he had sufficient knowledge to qualify under the rule applicable to non-owners. See id.
at 483, 450 S.E.2d at 365. Rice testified about the original purchase price of the power washer
and its value on the date it was stolen. He explained in detail the factors that formed the basis of
his opinion as to its value. Rice demonstrated that he had a sufficient knowledge of property
values and an ample opportunity to form an opinion of the power washer’s value. Rice’s
testimony established a solid foundation upon which he based his opinion. His evidence was
competent, was not inherently incredible, and was sufficient to prove beyond a reasonable doubt
that the stolen power washer had a value of more than $200 and that appellant committed grand
larceny.
In this case, the evidence proved the defendant stole Rice’s power washer. The
uncontradicted testimony of its value was that it was worth $350 when it was stolen. No
evidence in the record suggested the power washer had a value of less than $200. “When the
evidence in a prosecution warrants a conviction of the crime charged, and there is no
independent evidence warranting a conviction for a lesser-included offense, an instruction on the
lesser offense should not be given.” Commonwealth v. Leal, 265 Va. 142, 145, 574 S.E.2d 285,
287 (2003) (citing Guss v. Commonwealth, 217 Va. 13, 14, 225 S.E.2d 196, 197 (1976)).
Although the jury could have rejected the evidence that the value of the power washer
was $350 and acquitted appellant, “‘the ability to reject evidence does not supply the affirmative
evidence necessary to support a jury instruction.’” Id. at 147, 574 S.E.2d at 288 (quoting
Commonwealth v. Vaughn, 263 Va. 31, 37, 557 S.E.2d 220, 223 (2002)). The trial judge
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correctly noted the defendant was either guilty of grand larceny or nothing and properly refused
to instruct on petit larceny. Accordingly, we affirm the judgment of the trial court.
Affirmed.
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