James Beebe and June Beebe v. Harrisonburg Rockingham Social Services District

COURT OF APPEALS OF VIRGINIA
Present: Judges Russell, AtLee and Senior Judge Haley
UNPUBLISHED
JAMES BEEBE AND
JUNE BEEBE
MEMORANDUM OPINION*
v. Record No. 0349-20-3 PER CURIAM
SEPTEMBER 29, 2020
HARRISONBURG ROCKINGHAM
SOCIAL SERVICES DISTRICT
FROM THE CIRCUIT COURT OF ROCKINGHAM COUNTY
Clark A. Ritchie, Judge
(James Beebe; June Beebe, on brief), pro se. Appellants submitting
on brief.
(Sheila Keesee Paladino, Assistant County Attorney; Sherwin J.
Jacobs, Guardian ad litem for the minor child, on brief), for appellee.
Appellee and Guardian ad litem submitting on brief.
James Beebe and June Beebe appeal the circuit court order denying their custody and
visitation petitions. The Beebes argue that the circuit court erred in terminating their daughter’s
parental rights to their grandson and in denying their custody and visitation petitions. Upon
reviewing the record and briefs of the parties, we conclude that the circuit court did not err.
Accordingly, we affirm the decision of the circuit court.
*
Pursuant to Code § 17.1-413, this opinion is not designated for publication.
BACKGROUND1
“On appeal, ‘we view the evidence and all reasonable inferences in the light most
favorable to the prevailing party below, in this case the Department.’” Farrell v. Warren Cnty.
Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 59 Va. App. 375, 386 (2012) (quoting Jenkins v. Winchester Dep’t of Soc.
Servs., 12 Va. App. 1178, 1180 (1991)).
The Beebes’ daughter, Valerie Baldwin (mother), is the biological mother to the child
who is the subject of this appeal; the child’s father is unknown. At the time of the circuit court
hearing, the child was nine years old.2 The child had been diagnosed with attention deficit
hyperactivity disorder, behavior disorder including oppositional and defiant behaviors, and sleep
disorder, and he was at risk for mood disorder.
The child had lived primarily with his maternal grandparents, the Beebes.3 In September
2015, the Harrisonburg Rockingham Social Services District (HRSSD) received a complaint that
Mr. Beebe had hit the child with a television remote, causing him to have a bruised eye. HRSSD
recommended that the child and his older sister reside with mother, instead of the Beebes, due to
“extreme hoarding and unsafe conditions.” The child then lived with mother, her boyfriend,
1
The record in this case was sealed. Nevertheless, the appeal necessitates unsealing
relevant portions of the record to resolve the issues appellant has raised. Evidence and factual
findings below that are necessary to address the assignments of error are included in this opinion.
Consequently, “[t]o the extent that this opinion mentions facts found in the sealed record, we
unseal only those specific facts, finding them relevant to the decision in this case. The remainder
of the previously sealed record remains sealed.” Levick v. MacDougall, 294 Va. 283, 288 n.1
(2017).
2
Mother has an older child, who was seventeen years old at the time of the circuit court
hearing, and a set of twins, who were approximately six years old. The Rockingham County
Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court terminated mother’s parental rights to the twins,
who reside with their paternal grandparents. Mother’s older child lives with the Beebes.
3
The Beebes also raised mother’s older child.
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Rick Crawford, and her other children.4 Thereafter, HRSSD received reports alleging that
mother and Crawford had physically abused the child and that there was “constant drinking and
arguing” in mother’s home.
In 2016, the child’s behavior at his pre-kindergarten program was “problematic” and
“escalating,” so a school meeting was held to consider Therapeutic Day Treatment for the child.
HRSSD offered Family Educational Services for Parent-Child Interactive Training for mother
and the child to improve “the quality of the parent-child relationship and changing parent-child
interaction patterns”; mother was not cooperative with the services. Subsequently, based on
HRSSD’s petition, the Rockingham County Juvenile and Domestic Relations District Court (the
JDR court) found that the child was in need of services (CHINS). The JDR court ordered mother
and the Beebes to cooperate with services and prohibited the child from spending the night at the
Beebes’ home “due to [the] condition of the home.”
In May 2017, HRSSD moved to reinstate the CHINS petition on the docket after learning
that the child had been residing with the Beebes and mother had tested positive for drugs. The
JDR court allowed the child to live with the Beebes, but ordered them to cooperate with HRSSD
and ensure that their home was safe. HRSSD provided the Beebes with an in-home worker.
In 2017, the child’s pediatrician referred the child to the University of Virginia Children’s
Hospital (UVA) due to concerns about the child’s behavior. UVA met with the child and the
Beebes on several occasions, and the Beebes maintained telephone contact with UVA. The child
had “significant” and “heightened” difficulties at school and home. Initially, the Beebes were
not interested in medicating the child; however, as the child’s problems escalated, the Beebes
agreed “to discuss pharmacology.” UVA, the child’s school, and HRSSD became concerned
4
Crawford is the biological father to mother’s twins.
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about medication compliance, however, after it was apparent that the Beebes were unilaterally
altering the child’s medication.
Kim Myers, an expert in assessing and treating children with extreme behaviors and
emotional needs, worked with the child as part of the Therapeutic Day Treatment program at the
child’s school. Myers noticed that the child was hostile and threatening toward his peers and
defiant toward adults. Despite offering new interventions and positive reinforcements, Myers
did not see any overall progress with the child’s behaviors.
Myers also expressed concern about Mr. Beebe’s attitude and demeanor toward the child
because he was “consistently hostile” and negative. During the 2017-2018 school year, the
school restricted Mr. Beebe’s movement within the school based on reports about his conduct.
At the same time, school personnel became increasingly concerned about the child’s safety and
worried that he would harm himself because he had “a significant amount of energy” and was
very impulsive. The Beebes acknowledged that the child exhibited the same behaviors at home,
but minimized those behaviors.
On January 8, 2018, the Beebes filed petitions for custody and visitation of the child. On
February 27, 2018, however, HRSSD removed the child from the Beebes’ home after the child
reported to Myers that Mr. Beebe had physically assaulted him.5 The child stated that he did not
want to return to the Beebes’ house because Mr. Beebe was “mean.” HRSSD petitioned to place
the child into foster care after finding that mother’s home was not “a safe place” for the child to
live because of the history of domestic violence. The JDR court entered an emergency removal
order. The child was seven years old when he entered foster care.
In April 2018, the JDR court adjudicated that the child was abused or neglected and
subsequently entered a dispositional order. HRSSD offered numerous services to the Beebes,
5
Mr. Beebe denied assaulting the child.
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including anger management classes for Mr. Beebe. He never acknowledged any anger
management issues, so no progress was made. HRSSD referred the Beebes for a psychological
and parenting capacity evaluation. After receiving the evaluation, HRSSD recommended that
the Beebes participate in couple’s counseling and a parenting education class through the
GrandPEAS program, both of which they attended. In addition, HRSSD offered supervised
visitation to the Beebes, but Mr. Beebe “did not regularly or often fully engage” with the child.
In October 2018, the Beebes informed HRSSD that they were “not interested in additional
services.” The Beebes continuously denied inflicting any emotional, mental, or physical abuse
on the child and refused to acknowledge their role in the child’s placement in foster care.
Throughout the case, HRSSD’s concerns about mother’s history of domestic violence,
substance abuse, and the child’s special needs persisted and prevented the child from being
placed in mother’s care. Despite all the services offered by HRSSD, mother never demonstrated
an understanding of why the child was placed, and remained, in foster care. Mother continually
denied the Beebes’ involvement in the abuse of the child, but in March 2019, stated that she
thought Mr. Beebe “did something” to the child. HRSSD advised mother that the “main barrier”
to returning the child to her home was her relationship with Crawford, who “was not committed”
to having the child placed in the home, yet she continued living with him.
On July 12, 2019, the JDR court terminated mother’s parental rights to the child and
approved the foster care goal of adoption. After terminating mother’s parental rights, the JDR
court dismissed the Beebes’ petitions for custody and visitation. The Beebes and mother
appealed to the circuit court.
On October 17, 2019, the parties appeared before the circuit court. The social worker
testified that HRSSD had offered mother and the Beebes every service that was available.
HRSSD remained concerned that “neither the mother nor the grandparents could apply any of the
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services offered to them to acknowledge [the child’s] history of abuse and trauma and therefore
then try to work on remediation of those conditions.” HRSSD did not recommend placing the
child with the Beebes because they refused to acknowledge their role in the child’s removal,
refused to cooperate with HRSSD, and failed to address Mr. Beebe’s anger and inappropriate
comments in front of the child.
The Beebes did not testify at the circuit court hearing. Their granddaughter, mother’s
oldest daughter, testified that the Beebes had raised her and that she did not “want for anything.”
Likewise, the Beebes’ youngest son testified that they had provided for him. Both also described
their relationship with the child as “close” and that they missed him.
At the conclusion of the evidence and the parties’ arguments, the circuit court took the
matter under advisement. On November 7, 2019, the circuit court issued a letter opinion, finding
that mother had “made almost no progress on the issues that were the basis of [the child’s]
removal and placement into foster care.” The circuit court terminated mother’s parental rights
under Code § 16.1-283(C)(2) and approved the foster care goal of adoption.6 In addition, the
circuit court found that the Beebes were “not a suitable placement option (or an option for
custody) . . . due to an inability to recognize the special needs of [the child] and an unwillingness
to promote a supportive environment for [the child] that would protect him from abuse and/or
neglect.” The circuit court denied the Beebes’ petitions for custody and visitation. On
November 21, 2019, the circuit court entered orders memorializing its rulings. This appeal
followed.
6
Mother appealed the circuit court’s rulings, which this Court affirmed. See Baldwin v.
Harrisonburg Rockingham Soc. Servs. Dist., No. 1994-19-3 (Va. Ct. App. July 14, 2020).
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ANALYSIS
Standing
The Beebes argue that the circuit court erred by terminating mother’s parental rights.
HRSSD argues that the Beebes do not have standing to make this argument. We agree.
“Issues of standing are questions of law that this Court reviews de novo.” Tackett v.
Arlington Cnty. Dep’t of Hum. Servs., 62 Va. App. 296, 325 (2013). “The purpose of requiring
standing is to make certain that a party who asserts a particular position has the legal right to do
so and that his rights will be affected by the disposition of the case.” Id. (quoting Kelley v.
Stamos, 285 Va. 68, 73 (2013)). “Simply put, ‘one cannot raise third party rights.’” Id. (quoting
DePriest v. Commonwealth, 33 Va. App. 754, 761 (2000)). As in Tackett, the Beebes “did not
have any legal right to assert that mother’s parental rights should not be terminated.” Id. They
only had standing to appeal the circuit’s court’s denial of their petitions for custody and
visitation. Id. at 326. Therefore, we will not consider the Beebes’ first assignment of error.
Custody and visitation
The Beebes also argue that the circuit court erred in denying their petitions for custody
and visitation.7 They contend that HRSSD did not advise them as to what was required to have
the child returned to their care. They emphasize that the child should have been placed with his
family, not in foster care.
HRSSD argues that the Beebes did not preserve their arguments for appeal; however, in
their closing argument to the circuit court, the Beebes argued that there were “all kinds of
remedies short of taking this child away.” The Beebes’ counsel endorsed the final order denying
their petitions for custody and visitation as “Seen and objected to.” “Ordinarily, endorsement of
7
The Beebes did not appeal the permanency planning order approving the foster care
goal of adoption.
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an order ‘[s]een and objected to’ is not specific enough to meet the requirements of Rule 5A:18
because it does not sufficiently alert the trial court to the claimed error.” Canales v. Torres
Orellana, 67 Va. App. 759, 771 (2017) (en banc) (quoting Herring v. Herring, 33 Va. App. 281,
286 (2000)). “Such an endorsement is sufficient to satisfy Rule 5A:18 only if ‘the ruling made
by the trial court was narrow enough to make obvious the basis of appellant’s objection.’” Id.
(quoting Herring, 33 Va. App. at 286). Furthermore, if “a trial court is aware of a litigant’s legal
position and the litigant did not expressly waive such arguments, the arguments remain preserved
for appeal.’” Id. (quoting Brown v. Commonwealth, 279 Va. 210, 217 (2010)). Assuming
without deciding that the Beebes preserved their argument for appeal, we find that the circuit
court did not err in denying their petitions for custody and visitation.
“On review, ‘[a] trial court is presumed to have thoroughly weighed all the evidence,
considered the statutory requirements, and made its determination based on the child’s best
interests.’” Castillo v. Loudoun Cnty. Dep’t of Fam. Servs., 68 Va. App. 547, 558 (2018)
(quoting Logan v. Fairfax Cnty. Dep’t of Hum. Dev., 13 Va. App. 123, 128 (1991)). “Where, as
here, the court hears the evidence ore tenus, its finding is entitled to great weight and will not be
disturbed on appeal unless plainly wrong or without evidence to support it.” Fauquier Cnty.
Dep’t of Soc. Servs. v. Ridgeway, 59 Va. App. 185, 190 (2011) (quoting Martin v. Pittsylvania
Cnty. Dep’t of Soc. Servs., 3 Va. App. 15, 20 (1986)).
Here, the circuit court considered the evidence about how the child entered into foster
care and the Beebes’ relationship with the child. The circuit court commented on the child’s
behavioral problems at school, including his “issues with impulsiveness, reckless and/or
dangerous behaviors, and profanity.” The circuit court also found that Mr. Beebe was “overly
harsh and non-supportive” of the child. The circuit court further found that Mr. Beebe could not
“deal with [the child’s] special needs” and “react[ed] in a way that [was] counterproductive to
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[the child’s] best interests.” The circuit court concluded that it was “not a surprise that [the child
was] fearful of Mr. Beebee [sic] and his behavior [was] dramatically affected by his interactions
with him.” The evidence proved that the Beebes never acknowledged their role in the child’s
removal from their home and his continued placement in foster care. The circuit court found that
the Beebes refused to recognize the child’s special needs and were unwilling to “promote a
supportive environment for [the child] that would protect him from abuse and/or neglect.” Based
on the totality of the evidence, the circuit court did not err in finding that it was in the child’s
best interests to deny the Beebes’ petitions for custody and visitation.
CONCLUSION
For the foregoing reasons, the circuit court’s ruling is affirmed.
Affirmed.
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