Messier v. Bushman

Messier v. Bushman, No. 34-1-17 Wncv (Teachout, J., Nov. 22, 2017).
[The text of this Vermont trial court opinion is unofficial. It has been reformatted from the original. The accuracy of the text and the
accompanying data included in the Vermont trial court opinion database is not guaranteed.]
STATE OF VERMONT
SUPERIOR COURT CIVIL DIVISION
Washington Unit Docket No. 34-1-17 Wncv
MICHAEL D. MESSIER
Plaintiff
v.
KAY H. BUSHMAN and THE STANDARD
FIRE INSURANCE COMPANY d/b/a TRAVELERS,
Defendants
DECISION
Mr. Messier’s Motion for Relief from Judgment, filed Sept. 8, 2017
Mr. Messier’s Second Motion for Extension of Time, filed Sept. 15, 2017
Travelers’ Motion to Confirm Judgment, filed Sept. 18, 2017
This is a tort case arising out of an automobile collision involving Plaintiff Michael
Messier and Defendant Kay Bushman. In an August 10, 2017 decision, the court granted
judgment on the pleadings to Ms. Bushman because Mr. Messier failed to properly serve her
with process within the statute of limitations. The court also dismissed the Consumer Protection
Act claim against Travelers, her insurer. The court entered judgment as to both the same day.
On September 8th, Mr. Messier filed a motion seeking an extension of time to file a notice of
appeal. He did not identify good cause or excusable neglect in support of an extension, and the
court denied the motion on September 15. He filed a notice of appeal on that day.
With his notice of appeal, Mr. Messier filed a second motion for an extension of time.
He had previously filed a Rule 60(b) motion for relief from judgment at the time of his first
motion for an extension of time to file a notice of appeal. Travelers has filed a motion to
“confirm” the judgment by which it appears to seek assurance that there was no timely appeal,
that Mr. Messier’s Rule 60(b) motion is not addressed to Travelers, and that Travelers therefore
no longer needs to participate in this case.
Second motion for an extension
In Mr. Messier’s first motion for an extension, his counsel stated, without further
explanation, that he did not receive the August 10th decision until September 6th. In denying the
motion, the court noted that court records show that it was e-mailed to him on August 10th. In
support of the second motion, counsel has sworn that the first time he received the decision was
when he called the court on September 6th and it was e-mailed to him during that phone call. It
is unclear how or why the decision could have been e-mailed from the court on August 10th but
never received in counsel’s e-mail account. However, the court will accept counsel’s
representation. Based on his representation of lack of receipt until September 6th, the court
concludes that there was good cause for an extension. Mr. Messier’s second motion for an
extension is granted. His notice of appeal will be considered timely filed.
Motion for Relief from Judgment
Mr. Messier’s Motion for Relief from Judgment is in the nature of a Rule 59(e) motion,
although he labeled it as a Rule 60(b) motion. The court will treat the motion as filed under Rule
59(e) and consider that it was filed in a timely manner in that it was filed within 2 days of
September 6th.
A Rule 59(e) motion “allows the trial court to revise its initial judgment if necessary to
relieve a party against the unjust operation of a record resulting from the mistake or inadvertence
of the court and not the fault or neglect of a party.” N. Sec. Ins. Co. v. Mitec Elecs., Ltd., 2008
VT 96, ¶ 41, 184 Vt. 303 (citation omitted).
Mr. Messier argues that the court erred in three ways: (1) by granting judgment on the
pleadings, rather than dismissing, the court improperly made 12 V.S.A. § 558 inaccessible to Mr.
Messier; (2) the court improperly relied on extra-pleading materials in analyzing the
effectiveness of service; and (3) the court failed to consider the possibility of tolling pursuant to
12 V.S.A. § 552. Mr. Messier raises each of these issues for the first time post-judgment.
12 V.S.A. § 558
Regardless of whether the court should have dismissed rather than having granted
judgment on the pleadings, nothing in the record suggests that 12 V.S.A. § 558 applies to this
case and Mr. Messier does not explain how it could.
Section 558 provides, in relevant part, as follows:
(a) The plaintiff may commence a new action for the same cause within
one year after the determination of the original action, when the original action
has been commenced within the time limited by any statute of this state, and the
action has been determined for any of the following reasons:
(1) Where the action is dismissed for insufficiency of process caused by
unavoidable accident or by default or neglect of the officer to whom process was
committed.
12 V.S.A. § 558(a).
The decision here did not depend on any unavoidable accident or the default or neglect of
the process server. Counsel for Plaintiff simply failed to ensure that he fully complied with all
the requirements for effective service. “The benefits of this statute are available only to those
coming within its provisions.” Weisburgh v. McClure Newspapers, Inc., 136 Vt. 594, 596
(1979).
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Extra-pleading materials
Mr. Messier argues that it was improper for the court to rely on the uncontested
allegations of Defendant’s mother to establish the date Ms. Bushman received actual notice of
this lawsuit. Plaintiff argues that no extra-pleading materials are proper when evaluating the
sufficiency of service of process under Rule 12. This is incorrect. Extra-pleading materials may
be used to determine the sufficiency of service of process under Rule 12. 5B Wright & Miller, et
al., Federal Practice & Procedural: Civil 3d § 1353.
With regard to the allegations in the disputed affidavit, Mr. Messier asserts: “The
Plaintiff has a very different and contrary version of events but he was never asked about it. And
he should have been.” Motion for Relief from Judgment 3 (filed Sept. 8, 2017). Whatever that
contrary version of events may be, he did not come forward with it before the decision and he
makes no proffer now. This is insufficient to call the decision into question.
12 V.S.A. § 552
Mr. Messier argues that 12 V.S.A. § 552, which tolls limitations periods under certain
circumstances when a person is “absent from and resides out of the state,” might apply in this
case and the court ruled without considering whether it does. The court did not address § 552 in
its decision because Mr. Messier did not raise it. He raises it now, but offers no analysis to show
that it actually applies. It does not.
Ms. Bushman was out of the state during part of the limitations period on a temporary
academic semester abroad. She had not relocated to some out of state residence. Residence for
purposes of § 522 requires an out of state domicile or something close to it. As the Court
explained long ago:
It seems to us, that all, which it is important to determine, is, whether the
defendant, at that time, left any domicil in this state. If not, he must be taken to
“be absent from and reside out of the state,” in the language of the statute. This
question of domicil may possibly be viewed differently with reference to different
subjects. But the consideration, which must have operated upon the legislature in
so framing the statute in this case, seems to us to have been what is suggested by
counsel,—whether the defendant’s domicil in this state was so broken up, that it
would not have been competent to serve process upon him, by leaving a copy
there. And for that purpose, it seems to us, there must be some place of abode,
which his family or his effects exclusively maintain in his absence, and to which
he may be expected soon, or in some convenient time, to return, so that, a copy
being left there and notice in fact proved, the plaintiff may take a valid judgment.
Hackett v. Kendall, 23 Vt. 275, 278 (1851). Ms. Bushman never lacked a Vermont residence as
described in Hackett. Section 522 does not apply in this case.
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Traveler’s Motion to Confirm Judgment
Traveler’s motion to confirm the judgment depended on the untimeliness of Mr.
Messier’s notice of appeal. The court now has granted his motion for an extension, making the
filing of the notice of appeal timely. The motion to confirm is moot.
ORDER
For the foregoing reasons:
(a) Mr. Messier’s Motion for Relief from Judgment is denied;
(b) Mr. Messier’s Second Motion for Extension of Time is granted; and
(c) Travelers’ Motion to Confirm Judgment is denied as moot.
Dated at Montpelier, Vermont this ____ day of November 2017.
_____________________________
Mary Miles Teachout
Superior Judge
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