Fritchman, R. v. Overmyer, M.

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NON-PRECEDENTIAL DECISION - SEE SUPERIOR COURT I.O.P. 65.37
RICKY J. FRITCHMAN : IN THE SUPERIOR COURT OF
: PENNSYLVANIA
Appellant :
:
:
v. :
:
:
MICHAEL D. OVERMYER : No. 354 EDA 2019
Appeal from the Judgment Entered January 11, 2019
In the Court of Common Pleas of Northampton County Civil Division at
No(s): C-48-CV-2016-8234
BEFORE: SHOGAN, J., NICHOLS, J., and MURRAY, J.
MEMORANDUM BY NICHOLS, J.: FILED SEPTEMBER 09, 2019
Appellant Ricky J. Fritchman appeals pro se from the order denying his
petition for writ of habeas corpus. Appellant argues the trial court erred in
finding only one of his claims cognizable under the Post Conviction Relief Act1
(PCRA), and that his remaining claims were waived. We affirm.
The trial court summarized the procedural history of this case as follows:
On July 20, 1988, a jury found [Appellant] guilty of second degree
murder. On August 3, 1988, [Appellant] was sentenced to a
mandatory term of life imprisonment by the Honorable Robert A.
Freedberg. [Appellant] filed post-sentence motions, which were
denied by Judge Freedberg on April 11, 1990. On May 3, 1990,
[Appellant] appealed his sentence to the Pennsylvania Superior
Court, and the Court affirmed the judgment of sentence on May
31, 1991. The Supreme Court of Pennsylvania denied
[Appellant’s] petition for allowance of appeal on March 19, 1992.
Since then, [Appellant] has filed several petitions for post-
conviction collateral relief [under the PCRA]. [Appellant’s] fourth
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1 42 Pa.C.S. §§ 9541-9546.
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and most recent PCRA petition was dismissed by the Honorable
Emil A. Giordano on January 4, 2013, and [Appellant] did not file
an appeal . . . .
Trial Ct. Order, 1/11/19, at 1-2.
On September 20, 2016, the trial court docketed Appellant’s pro se
praecipe for writ of habeas corpus and an “affidavit and declaration in support
of petition.” The affidavit included a 115-page habeas petition (the September
2016 petition). In the September 2016 petition, Appellant asserted (1) the
statutes under which he was prosecuted and imprisoned were illegal because
the 1968 Pennsylvania Constitution did not contain a savings clause; (2) the
1968 Pennsylvania Constitution itself was unconstitutional; (3) the court rules
and rules of criminal procedure violated the separation of powers doctrine; (4)
the trial court lacked subject matter jurisdiction; (5) his constitutional rights
to have a jury authorize the maximum sentence were violated; and (6) the
criminal complaint and information were defective.
The docket shows the trial court and the Commonwealth took no action
between October and December of 2016. Appellant, however, filed various
pro se notices and motions seeking a default judgment based on the
September 2016 petition.
In March 2017, Appellant then filed a pro se “notice of motion” seeking
leave to “cure the existing inappropriate filing,” that is, his September 20,
2016 praecipe and petition. The trial court took no action on the “notice of
motion.”
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On August 13, 2018, Appellant moved to amend and refile his habeas
petition. On October 24, 2018, the trial court issued an order reassigning the
matter to the Honorable Anthony S. Beltrami for disposition.
On October 30, 2018, the trial court docketed Appellant’s amended pro
se petition (the October 2018 petition). In the October 2018 petition,
Appellant asserted that he was confined on an illegal sentence. See Oct. 2018
Pet., 10/30/18, at 2. In support, Appellant claimed (1) the criminal
information and complaint were “so fatally defective that the charging
documents never charged him with what the jury found him guilty of”; (2) the
sentence for second-degree murder under 18 Pa.C.S. § 1102(b) was illegal
because 42 Pa.C.S. § 9721(a) did not authorize the imposition of a mandatory
sentence of imprisonment; (3) his conviction for second-degree murder was
improper because he was not convicted of a predicate felony; and (4) his life
sentence was not authorized because it was based on a defective verdict. Id.
at 2-3, 7-8. Additionally, Appellant argued his claims were properly raised in
a habeas petition because they were not cognizable under the PCRA. Id. at
3.
On January 11, 2019, the trial court denied Appellant’s petition.2 The
trial court initially noted Appellant’s claim that the criminal complaint and
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2 The trial court filed Appellant’s habeas petition under a civil docket, and the
record for Appellant’s criminal case was not included in the certified record
transmitted in this appeal. We emphasize that Appellant bore the burden of
ensuring the certified record contained all materials necessary for appellate
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information were defective was cognizable under the PCRA.3 See Order,
1/11/19, at 1 n.1. The trial court concluded Appellant’s remaining claims did
not fall under the PCRA, noting
[Appellant] argues that the sentence he received is unlawful
because it did not include a minimum term of imprisonment.
Though this issue appears to pertain to the legality of [Appellant’s]
sentence, it is not cognizable under the PCRA and may be disposed
of as a petition for a writ of habeas corpus. See Commonwealth
v. Rouse, 191 A.3d 1, 5 (Pa. Super. 2018) (holding challenges to
“the minimum sentence imposed” or arguments that “no minimum
sentence was imposed” are not cognizable claims under the
PCRA); see also Commonwealth v. Lewis, 718 A.2d 1262,
1265 (Pa. Super. 1998) (holding argument that no mandatory
minimum sentence was imposed is not cognizable under the
PCRA). [Appellant] also argues that the Commonwealth failed to
meet its burden to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that a felony
occurred during the commission of the murder. This argument is
a challenge to [Appellant’s] verdict, and it does not challenge the
legality of the sentence. Thus, the court is not required to treat it
as a PCRA issue. See Joseph v. Glunt, 96 A.3d 365, 368-69 (Pa.
Super. 2014) (holding issues that do not pertain to the legality of
a sentence may be treated as petitions for a writ of habeas
corpus).
Order, 1/11/19, at 2-3. Nonetheless, the trial court concluded that Appellant
waived his remaining claims “because he did not raise them after the jury
delivered its verdict, at his sentencing hearing, or in any of his post-sentence
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review. See Commonwealth v. B.D.G., 959 A.2d 362, 372 (Pa. Super.
2008). Nevertheless, the absence of the full criminal record does not impede
meaningful consideration in this appeal.
3 The trial court transferred Appellant’s PCRA claim to Appellant’s criminal
docket for consideration as a fifth PCRA petition and issued a Pa.R.Crim.P. 907
notice of its intent to dismiss that claim. Order, CR-246-1988, 1/11/19. The
criminal docket reveals that Appellant subsequently withdrew the PCRA claim.
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motions.” Id. at 3. The trial court added that “even if the issues had not
been waived, they are without merit.” Id.
On January 24, 2019, the trial court docketed Appellant’s timely notice
of appeal. Appellant’s filed a timely court-ordered Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b)
statement raising the following errors complained of on appeal:
1.) Was the [trial court] prejudicial to Appellant when it ordered a
summary dismissal because the Respondent was properly served,
[Appellant] complied with all necessary civil rules, and the
Respondent clearly defaulted?
2.) Was summary dismissal improper because [A]ppellant has
already served an improperly imposed 30 year imprisonment?
3.) The [trial court] should have allowed [Appellant] a chance to
respond before dismissing the case.
4.) In was clearly incorrect for the [trial court] to determine that
the issues raised by Appellant in [the October 2018 petition] “have
been waived . . . .” Because the issues Appellant were raising
were clearly challenging the illegality of his sentence which is a
non-waivable matter . . . .
5.) In Appellant’s [October 2018 petition] it states, “despite all
other allegations raised in the [September 2016 petition], the one
of the utmost and initial importance is that [Appellant] is
incarcerated, and has been incarcerated for over 30 years for the
conviction of 2nd degree murder, without ever be[ing] charged
with, or convicted of a felony in the same action at law. For the
[trial court] to construe this as an argument that the
Commonwealth failed to meet the admission of evidence . . . [i]s
so misguided and so incorrect as to ‘shock’ one[’]s sense of
justice.
6.) On Wednesday August 3, 1988, Appellant was sentenced at
246 of 1988 . . . in accordance with an amendment to the
Pennsylvania Rules of Criminal Procedure at that time. [D]ue to
the aforesaid, the sentence imposed was a mandatory sentence .
. . It is clear in Pennsylvania that the “Sentencing Code” is
separated from the “Crimes Code.” Pursuant to Pennsylvania’s
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Sentencing Code (as it existed in 1988), it becomes clear that a
Pennsylvania judge must impose one or more of the alternatives
provided in [42 Pa.C.S. § 9721(a)(1)-(7)]. The only “exception”
to this law that existed at that time was, “except where a
mandatory minimum sentence is otherwise provided by law. . . .
It is clear that Appellant’s sentence was not in accordance with
this statute for it was not a “Mandatory minimum” sentence and
it authorized “imprisonment,” which is not one of the alternatives
authorized under [42 Pa.C.S. § 9721(a)(1)-(7)].
7.) Appellant was charged by information of [18 Pa.C.S. § 2501—
Criminal Homicide]. He was charged with no other charges. This
charge was held over for trial. The jury was sent to deliberate on
a charge of First Degree Murder and returned with a finding of
“Not Guilty.” The [trial court] incorrectly sent the jury back to
deliberate on the charge of ‘Second Degree Murder,’ and they
returned with a finding of “Guilty.” The issue with this is, in
Pennsylvania[,] the judge should have gone from first degree to
third degree because there was no felony on the information. For
the jury to return with a guilty finding on Second degree and
Appellant to be held for over 30 years on a conviction of Second
degree without a felony ever being char[g]ed is against any
second degree statute even imposed on second degree in
Pennsylvania. Appellant’s sentence is illegal and this writ must
issue.
Appellant’s Rule 1925(b) Statement, 2/8/19, at 1-3 (citations omitted)
(emphasis in original).4 The trial court issued a Rule 1925(a) opinion.
Appellant raises the following questions, which we have reordered as
follows:
[1.] [W]as [A]ppellant illegally found guilty of 18 Pa.C.S. §
2502(b) Murder of the Second Degree and sentenced under §
1102(b) to Life Imprisonment because [A]ppellant was never
charged with nor was there any criminal affidavit stating that
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4 As discussed below in footnote 5, we conclude Appellant’s Rule 1925(b)
statement narrows the particular claims on which we will focus our discussion
of the arguments raised in this appeal.
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[A]ppellant was a principle [sic] or an accomplice in the
perpetration of a felony?
[2.] When [A]ppellant challenged that Second Degree Murder
statutorily requires that one commits a homicide during the
commission of a felony, further requiring one to be charged with
a felony in the very least; did the [the trial court] incorrectly
construe this as an argument that the Commonwealth failed to
meet its burden to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that a felony
occurred during the commission of the murder, so challenging
[A]ppellant’s verdict, and not the legality of his sentence or the
statutory authorization of the statute of which he is confined,
thereby establishing such a [burden of proof] argument cannot be
raised in a petition for a writ of habeas corpus?
[3.] [W]as summary dismissal of [A]ppellant’s Petition for Writ of
Habeas Corpus improper when [A]ppellant requested Default
Judgment be ordered against [Appellant] for failing to answer
because issue(s) raised in Habeas Corpus action were prima facie
sufficient to establish to establish [the] existence, validity, and
creditability of a non-frivolous question to the legality of
[A]ppellant’s sentence and is not waived, despite [A]ppellant’s
failure to raise it before the trial court?
Appellant’s Brief at 17.
Appellant’s arguments on appeal are interrelated, and we summarize
them together. First, Appellant asserts that the PCRA did not provide a
remedy for any of his claims. See id. at 18. Second, Appellant contends that
he did not waive his claims because he exhausted all available remedies,
including filing several PCRA petitions. Id. at 24. Relatedly, Appellant asserts
that his claims could not be waived because they are non-waivable challenges
to the legality of his sentence. Id. at 24-25 (citing Commonwealth v.
Foster, 17 A.3d 332 (Pa. 2011)). Third, Appellant argues that the trial court
failed to address all of his claims and erred in summarily dismissing his petition
without further proceedings. Id. at 23-24. The remainder of Appellant’s brief
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discusses the merits of his claims, in that he was improperly charged and
convicted of second-degree murder and his sentence was not an authorized
sentencing alternative under 42 Pa.C.S. § 9721(a).
When reviewing the denial of a claim for habeas relief,
[o]ur standard of review of a trial court’s order denying a petition
for writ of habeas corpus is limited to abuse of discretion. Thus,
we may reverse the court’s order where the court has misapplied
the law or exercised its discretion in a manner lacking reason. As
in all matters on appeal, the appellant bears the burden of
persuasion to demonstrate his entitlement to the relief he
requests.
Rivera v. Pa. Dep’t of Corr., 837 A.2d 525, 528 (Pa. Super. 2003) (citations
omitted). This Court “may affirm on any legal basis supported by the certified
record.” Rouse, 191 A.3d at 7 (citation omitted).
Initially, we must determine whether Appellant’s claims were cognizable
under the PCRA. This determination presents a question of law over which
our standard of review is de novo and our scope of review plenary.
Commonwealth v. Montgomery, 181 A.3d 359, 367 (Pa. Super. 2018) (en
banc), appeal denied, 190 A.3d 1134 (Pa. 2018).
By way of background, it is well settled that
[a] petition for a writ of habeas corpus “lies to correct void or
illegal sentences or an illegal detention, or where the record shows
a trial or sentence or plea so fundamentally unfair as to amount
to a denial of due process or other constitutional rights, or where
for other reasons the interests of justice imperatively required it.”
Pursuant to [42 Pa.C.S. § 6502], “[a]ny judge . . . may issue the
writ of habeas corpus to inquire into the cause of detention of any
person or for any other lawful purpose.” The writ, if issued, directs
the restraining authority to produce the person and state the “true
cause of the detention.”
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Chadwick v. Caulfield, 834 A.2d 562, 566 (Pa. Super. 2003) (citations
omitted).
The Pennsylvania General Assembly enacted the PCRA “to be the sole
means of achieving post-conviction relief.” Commonwealth v. Taylor, 65
A.3d 462, 465 (Pa. Super. 2013) (citation omitted). Section 9542 states that
the PCRA
provides for an action by which persons convicted of crimes they
did not commit and persons serving illegal sentences may obtain
collateral relief. The action established in this subchapter shall be
the sole means of obtaining collateral relief and encompasses all
other common law and statutory remedies for the same purpose
that exist when this subchapter takes effect, including habeas
corpus and coram nobis.
42 Pa.C.S. § 9542; accord 42 Pa.C.S. § 6503(b) (stating that “[w]here a
person is restrained by virtue of sentence after conviction for a criminal
offense, the writ of habeas corpus shall not be available if a remedy may be
had by post-conviction hearing proceedings authorized by law”).
Section 9543 defines the eligibility requirements for the PCRA and
provides that a petitioner may seek relief under the PCRA for “a conviction or
sentence” that resulted from one or more of the following:
(i) A violation of the Constitution of this Commonwealth or
the Constitution or laws of the United States which, in the
circumstances of the particular case, so undermined the
truth-determining process that no reliable adjudication of
guilt or innocence could have taken place.
(ii) Ineffective assistance of counsel which, in the
circumstances of the particular case, so undermined the
truth-determining process that no reliable adjudication of
guilt or innocence could have taken place.
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* * *
(vii) The imposition of a sentence greater than the lawful
maximum.
(viii) A proceeding in a tribunal without jurisdiction.
42 Pa.C.S. § 9543(a)(2)(i)-(ii), (vii)-(viii).
Additionally, a PCRA petitioner must demonstrate that “the allegation of
error has not been previously litigated or waived” and “the failure to litigate
the issue prior to or during trial, during unitary review or on direct appeal
could not have been the result of any rational, strategic or tactical decision by
counsel.” Id. § 9543(a)(3)-(4). “[A]n issue is waived if the petitioner could
have raised it but failed to do so before trial, at trial, during unitary review,
on appeal or in a prior state postconviction proceeding.” Id. § 9544(b).
Generally, direct appeal claims that a petitioner failed to raise on appeal are
waived for purposes of the PCRA. See Commonwealth v. Brown, 872 A.2d
1139, 1145 (Pa. 2005).
The Pennsylvania Supreme Court has held that
the scope of the PCRA eligibility requirements should not be
narrowly confined to its specifically enumerated areas of review.
Such narrow construction would be inconsistent with the
legislative intent to channel post-conviction claims into the PCRA’s
framework, and would instead create a bifurcated system of post-
conviction review where some post-conviction claims are
cognizable under the PCRA while others are not.
Commonwealth v. Hackett, 956 A.2d 978, 986 (Pa. 2008).
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Furthermore, “[t]he PCRA contains a jurisdictional time-bar, which is
subject to limited statutory exceptions.” Commonwealth v. Fennell, 180
A.3d 778, 781 (Pa. Super. 2018), appeal denied, 192 A.3d 1111 (Pa. 2018);
see also 42 Pa.C.S. § 9545. We have explained that
[i]ssues that are cognizable under the PCRA must be raised in a
timely PCRA petition and cannot be raised in a habeas corpus
petition. Phrased differently, a defendant cannot escape the PCRA
time-bar by titling his petition or motion as a writ of habeas
corpus.
Taylor, 65 A.3d at 466.
As to claims challenging the legality of a sentence, this Court has stated
that
“[a] court may entertain a challenge to the legality of the sentence
so long as the court has jurisdiction to hear the claim. In the PCRA
context, jurisdiction is tied to the filing of a timely PCRA petition.”
“A sentence is illegal where a statute bars the court from imposing
that sentence” or where the sentence subjects a defendant to
double jeopardy. “[A]lthough legality of sentence is always
subject to review within the PCRA, claims must still first satisfy
the PCRA’s time limits or one of the exceptions thereto.”
Commonwealth v. Fowler, 930 A.2d 586, 592 (Pa. Super. 2007) (citations
omitted).
However, “[c]areful consideration should be paid to determining when
a claim pertains to an illegal sentence or if it is more accurately considered a
waivable issue that presents a legal question.” Commonwealth v. Tobin,
89 A.3d 663, 669 (Pa. Super. 2014).
The phrase ‘illegal sentence’ is a term of art in Pennsylvania
Courts that is applied to three narrow categories of cases.
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Those categories are: “(1) claims that the sentence fell
‘outside of the legal parameters prescribed by the applicable
statute’; (2) claims involving merger/double jeopardy; and
(3) claims implicating the rule in Apprendi v. New Jersey,
530 U.S. 466 . . . (2000).”
The latter category includes claims that arise under the progeny
of Apprendi, including Alleyne v. United States, 570 U.S. 99, .
. . (2013). Additionally, “[t]his Court has also held that claims
pertaining to the Eighth Amendment's Cruel and Unusual
Punishment Clause also pertain to the legality of the sentence.”
Commonwealth v. Smith, 194 A.3d 126, 137 (Pa. Super. 2018), appeal
denied, 208 A.3d 64 (Pa. 2019) (some citations omitted).
In sum, a petitioner must bring a claim under the PCRA if “the PCRA
provides a remedy for such a claim” under 42 Pa.C.S. § 9543(a).
Commonwealth v. Fahy, 737 A.2d 214, 224 (Pa. 1999). The fact that the
claim cannot be considered under the PCRA because it was previously
litigated, waived, or untimely “does not alter the PCRA’s coverage or make
habeas corpus an alternative basis for relief.” Id.
Even if a claim is not cognizable under the PCRA, it is well settled that
“[h]abeas corpus is an extraordinary remedy and is available after other
remedies have been exhausted or ineffectual or nonexistent. It will not issue
if another remedy exists and is available.” See Rouse, 191 A.3d at 6. A
habeas petition is not a substitute for a direct appeal. See Com. ex rel.
Ashmon v. Banmiller, 137 A.2d 236, 238 (Pa. 1958); Com. ex rel. Smith
v. Cavell, 144 A.2d 505, 506 (Pa. Super. 1958). Therefore, challenges to a
conviction or sentence that could have been raised at trial or in a direct appeal
are waived for purposes of a habeas petition. See Com. ex rel. Brogan v.
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Banmiller, 136 A.2d 141, 142 (Pa. Super. 1957); accord Rouse, 191 A.3d
at 7.
In Rouse, for example, the petitioner claimed that the General
Assembly failed to give adequate “notice of the penalty for that offense,
especially in light of other sentencing provisions, such as the
minimum/maximum rule.” Rouse, 191 A.3d at 5. The Rouse Court noted
that
because [the defendant’s] claim does not challenge the imposition
of a sentence in excess of the lawful maximum, it does not fall
under the purview of Section 9543(a)(2)(vii). And, to the extent
that Section 9543(a)(2)(vii) encompasses all illegal-sentencing
issues, [the defendant’s] claim does not implicate any category of
illegal sentences previously recognized by Pennsylvania Courts.
Id. at 7.
Although the Rouse Court determined the claim was not cognizable
under the PCRA, the Court concluded no relief was due because the petitioner
waived the claim. Id. at 6-7. Specifically, the Court reasoned that the
petitioner’s claim failed to raise a non-waivable legality-of-sentencing issue.
Id. at 7. The Court concluded that “because [the petitioner] could have
challenged the constitutionality of Section 1102(b) at sentencing or in a post-
sentence motion, he . . . failed to exhaust all available remedies before
seeking relief under habeas corpus.” Id. at 7.
Mindful of the foregoing principles, we address Appellant’s first two
arguments that his claims were not cognizable under the PCRA and that the
trial court erred in finding his claims waived. See Appellant’s Brief at 18, 24-
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25. In so doing, we note that Appellant preserved the following claims for
review: (1) the trial court imposed an illegal sentence for second-degree
murder because the Commonwealth failed to charge him with or prove an
underlying felony and because the trial court erred in its instructions to the
jury; and (2) the Sentencing Code did not authorize a sentence of life
imprisonment.5 See Appellant’s Rule 1925(b) Statement at ¶¶ 5-7.
As to Appellant’s claim that his sentence was illegal because of defects
in his conviction, we conclude that no relief is due. Appellant asserts errors
based on the elements of the offense, the charging documents, and the trial
court’s instructions to the jury, all of which could have been raised at trial or
in a direct appeal.6 Com. ex rel. Smith, 144 A.2d at 506; accord Rouse,
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5 Appellant raised numerous other claims in his September 2016 and October
2018 petitions. However, Appellant’s Rule 1925(b) statement was limited to
the claims set forth above. See Appellant’s Rule 1925(b) Statement.
Moreover, in his brief, Appellant argues that two claims were meritorious, but
does not meaningfully discuss the other claims that he raised in his petitions.
See Appellant’s Brief at 14-23. Therefore, Appellant has waived the claims
he did not identify in his Rule 1925(b) statement or argue in his brief. See
Pa.R.A.P. 1925(b), 2119(a); Commonwealth v. Johnson, 107 A.3d 52, 69
n.7 (Pa. 2014); Commonwealth v. Clayton, 816 A.2d 217, 221 (Pa. 2002).
6 Even if Appellant’s trial or direct appeal counsel did not preserve these
allegations of error, Appellant had an opportunity to raise ineffective
assistance of counsel claims in a timely PCRA petition. See 42 Pa.C.S. §
9543(a)(2)(i)-(ii), (3)-(4). Additionally, because we do not have the complete
criminal record in this case, we cannot assess whether Appellant previously
litigated these allegations in his direct appeal. See Commonwealth v.
Fritchman, 1268 PHL 90, 2-3 (Pa. Super. filed May 31, 1991) (unpublished
mem.) (indicating that Appellant raised twenty-six issues in his direct appeal
and affirming on the basis of the trial court opinion without reciting those
issues).
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191 A.3d at 7. Although Appellant attempts to frame this issue as an illegal
sentencing challenge, his underlying assertions do not fall within the
recognized categories of non-waivable sentencing claims. See Rouse, 191
A.3d at 7; Tobin, 89 A.3d at 669. Therefore, to the extent Appellant’s
assertions were not waived under the PCRA, we agree with the trial court that
Appellant waived this claim for the purpose of a habeas petition. See Rouse,
191 A.3d at 7. But cf. 42 Pa.C.S. § 9544(b); Brown, 872 A.2d at 1145;
Fahy, 737 A.2d at 224.
As to Appellant’s claim that 42 Pa.C.S. § 9721(a) did not authorize the
imposition of a mandatory sentence of life imprisonment, we initially note
Appellant’s arguments were ambiguous. On one hand, it appears that
Appellant asserted that 42 Pa.C.S. § 9721(a) did not permit the trial court to
impose a mandatory sentence of “imprisonment.” However, such a claim
would go to the statutory authority of the trial court to impose a life sentence.
See Fowler, 930 A.2d at 592. Therefore, this claim could have been raised
in a timely PCRA petition and could not be raised in a habeas petition. See
id.; accord Commonwealth v. Stultz, 114 A.3d 865, 884 (Pa. Super. 2015)
(addressing a similar claim in an appeal from the denial of a timely PCRA
petition).
On the other hand, as suggested by the trial court, Appellant’s claim
could also be construed as a challenge to the trial court’s failure to impose a
minimum sentence or a constitutional challenge to 18 Pa.C.S. § 1102(b). See
Order, 1/11/19, at 2-3. Although this Court has held that such claims could
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raise legal errors that are not cognizable under the PCRA, they still do not
constitute non-waivable sentencing claims. See Rouse, 191 A.3d at 7.
Accordingly, the trial court properly concluded such claims were waived for
the purpose of a habeas petition. See id.
Therefore, having reviewed the record and the relevant law, we find no
reversible error or abuse of discretion in the trial court’s overall conclusion
that Appellant’s underlying claims were either cognizable under the PCRA or
waived for the purpose of the instant habeas petition. See id.; Rivera, 837
A.2d at 528. As such, Appellant’s first two arguments on appeal merit no
relief.
In his third argument, Appellant asserts that the trial court failed to
address all of the claims he raised in his petitions and erred in summarily
dismissing of his petition without a response from the Commonwealth.
Appellant’s Brief at 19. However, a habeas petition “may be denied summarily
and without a hearing where it fails to allege facts making out a prima facie
case for the issuance of the writ.” Balsamo v. Mazurkiewicz, 611 A.2d
1250, 1253 (Pa. Super. 1992) (citations omitted). “A hearing is not required
when there is no issue of fact to be decided or when the facts averred by
relator, even if believed, are insufficient to warrant granting the writ of habeas
corpus.” Commonwealth v. Judge, 916 A.2d 511, 521 n.13 (Pa. 2007)
(citation omitted).
Here, as discussed above, the trial court properly concluded Appellant’s
non-PCRA claims were waived based on his failure to exhaust all available
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remedies. Therefore, the trial court was not required to hold a hearing. See
id. Accordingly, we find no abuse of discretion by the trial court in denying
his habeas petition without a hearing. Id.
Order affirmed.
Judgment Entered.
Joseph D. Seletyn, Esq.
Prothonotary
Date: 9/9/19
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